MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF CURRENT

AND
MAGNETISM
TO BE DONE THOROUGHLY:
1. State Biot-Savart’s law to determine the magnetic field due to a current element at a certain distance from it.
Also write it in vector from.
2. Apply Biot-Savart’s law to determine the magnetic field intensity due to a current carrying loop at its centre.
3. Use Biot-Savart’s law to deduce an expression for the magnetic field due to a circular current of radius a
carrying loop at a distance r on its axial line. Draw the variation of magnetic field with the distance from
center of coil.
4. Which law is also known as integrated form of Biot-Savart’s law? State the law and establish a relation for
it.
5. Using Ampere’s circuital law, obtain an expression for the magnetic field along the axis of a current
carrying solenoid of length l and having N number of turns. How is the magnetic field inside a given’
solenoid made strong?
6. Depict the trajectory of a charged particle moving with velocity v as it enters a uniform magnetic field
perpendicular to the direction of its motion.
7. What is the direction of the force acting on a charged particle q, moving with a velocity v→ in a uniform
magnetic field B? An electron does not suffer any deflection while passing
through a region of uniform magnetic field. What is the direction of the magnetic
field?
8. A beam of α particles projected along +x-axis, experiences a force due to a
magnetic field along the +y-axis. What is the direction of the magnetic field?
9. Using the concept of force between two infinitely long parallel current carrying
conductors, define one ampere of current.
10. Deduce an expression for torque acting on a rectangular coil placed in a uniform
magnetic field with its area vector making an angle θ with the field. Hence
explain why is the magnetic field inside a galvanometer is kept radial?
11. What is a velocity selector? Write three necessary conditions for a velocity selector.
Explain why only Electric or Magnetic field alone cannot act as velocity selector.
12. A charge ‘q’ moving B along the X-axis with a velocity v is subjected to a
uniform magnetic field B acting along the Z-axis as it crosses the origin O.
(i) Trace its trajectory.
(ii) Does the charge gain kinetic energy as it enters the magnetic field? Justify your answer.
13. A steady current (I1) flows through a long straight wire. Another wire carrying steady current (I2) in the
same direction is kept close and parallel to the first wire. Show with the help of a diagram how the magnetic
field due to the current I1 exerts a magnetic force on the second wire. Write the expression for this force.
14. Two identical circular wires P and Q each of radius R and carrying current ‘I’ are
kept in perpendicular planes such that they have a common centre as shown in the
figure. Find the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic field at the common
centre of the two coils.)

15. Two identical circular loops, P and Q, each of radius r and carrying
equal currents are kept in the parallel planes having a common axis
passing through O. The direction of current in P is clockwise and
in Q is anti-clockwise as seen from O which is equidistant from the
loops P and Q. Find the magnitude of the net magnetic field at O.
16. How is a toroid different from a solenoid?
(b) Use Ampere’s circuital law to obtain the magnetic field inside a toroid.
(c) Show that in an ideal toroid, the magnetic field
(i) inside the toroid and
(ii) outside the toroid at any point in the open space is zero.
17. A rectangular coil of sides ‘V and ‘b’ carrying a current I is subjected to a uniform magnetic
field B→ acting perpendicular to its plane. Obtain the expression for the torque acting on it.
18. Deduce the expression for the magnetic dipole moment of an electron orbiting around the central nucleus.
19. A long straight wire of a circular cross-section of radius ‘a’ carries a steady current ‘I’. The current is
uniformly distributed across the cross-section. Apply Ampere’s circuital law to calculate the magnetic field
at a point V in the region for
(i) r < a and (ii) r > a.
20. Relative permeability of a material, µr = 0.5. Identify the nature of the magnetic material and write its
relation to magnetic susceptibility.
21. A solenoid of 500 turns/m is carrying a current of 3 A. Relative permeability of the core material of the solenoid is
5000. Determine the magnitude of magnetic intensity, magnetization and magnetic field inside the core.
22. What are magnetic lines of force? Write their four properties. Why do magnetic field lines form close loops?
23. Define the terms Magnetic Susceptibility, Retentivity, Coercivity and intensity of magnetization. Write their
units.
24. Draw a schematic sketch of a moving coil galvanometer and describe briefly its working. “Increasing the
current sensitivity of a galvanometer does not necessarily increase the voltage sensitivity.” Justify this
statement.
25. Define current sensitivity and also write its unit. Justify the statement Increasing current sensitivity may not
necessarily increase the voltage sensitivity.
26. In what way is the behavior of a diamagnetic material different from that of a paramagnetic, when kept in an
external magnetic field?
(i) Write two characteristics of a material used for making permanent magnets.
(ii) Why is core of an electromagnet made of ferromagnetic materials?
Draw magnetic field lines when a (i) diamagnetic, (ii) paramagnetic substance is placed in an external
magnetic field. Which magnetic property distinguishes this behavior of the field lines due to the two
substances?

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS:
27. A square loop of side 20 cm carrying current of 1A is kept near an infinite
long straight wire carrying a current of 2A in the same plane as shown in the
figure. Find the magnitude and direction of force acting on the loop.
28. A current loop behaves like a magnetic dipole. Obtain an expression for the
magnetic moment of a current carrying circular loop.
29. A proton and an alpha particle having the same kinetic energy are, in turn,
passed through a region of uniform magnetic field, acting normal to the plane
of the paper and travel in circular paths. Deduce the ratio of the radii of the circular paths described by
them.

30. A long straight solid metal rod of radius 4cm carries a current 2A, uniformly distributed over its circular
cross-section. Find the magnetic field induction at a distance 3cm from the axis of the wire.
31. An electron moves around the nucleus in a hydrogen atom of radius 0.51 A, with a velocity of 2 × 105 m/s.
Calculate the following :
(i) the equivalent current due to orbital motion of electron
 (ii) the magnetic field produced at the centre of the nucleus
(iii) the magnetic moment associated with the electron
32. A rectangular loop of wire of size 4 cm × 10 cm carries a steady current of 2 A. A
straight long wire carrying 5 A current is kept near the loop as shown. If the loop and
the wire are coplanar, find
(i) the torque acting on the loop and
(ii) the magnitude and direction of the force on the loop due to the current carrying
wire.
33. An ammeter of resistance 0.6 Ω can measure current upto 1.0 A. Calculate
(i) The shunt resistance required to enable the ammeter to measure current upto 5.0 A
(ii) The combined resistance of the ammeter and the shunt.
34. The wire shown in figure carries a current of 32A. If r =3.14 cm, find the magnetic field at
point P.

35. Two wires A and B have the same length equal to 44cm. and carry a current of 10 A each. Wire A is bent
into a circle and wire B is bent into a square. (a) Obtain the magnitudes of the fields at the centres of the two
wires. (b) Which wire produces a greater magnetic field at the centre?

36. Two long straight parallel wires A and B separated by a distance d, carry
equal current I flowing in same direction as shown in the figure. (a) Find the
magnetic field at a point P situated between them at a distance x from one
wire. (b) Show graphically the variation of the magnetic field with distance x
for 0 < x < d.

37. A long wire bent as shown in fig. carries current I. If the radius of the
semicircular portion is a, find the magnetic field at centre C.

38. An -particle is accelerated through a potential difference of 10 kV and

moves along x-axis. It enters in a region of uniform magnetic field B = 2  10–3 T acting along Y-axis. Find
the radius of its path.
39. To convert a given galvanometer into a voltmeter of ranges 2 V, V and 2 V volt, resistances R1, R2 and R3
ohm respectively, are required to be connected in series with the galvanometer. Obtain the relationship
between R1, R2 and R3.
40. Two infinitely long insulated wires are kept perpendicular to each other. They
carry currents I1=2 A and I2=1.5 A.
i) Find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at P.
ii) If the direction of current is reversed in one of the wires. What would be the
magnitude of the field B?
41. A short bar magnet of magnetic moment m = 0.32 JT–1 is placed in a uniform
magnetic field of 0.15 T. If the bar is free to rotate in the plane of the field,
which orientation would correspond to its (a) stable and (b) unstable equilibrium? What is the potential energy of
the magnet in each case?
42. A bar magnet of dipole moment 3 Am2 rests with its centre on a frictionless pivot.
A force F is applied at right angles to the axis of the magnet, 10 cm from the
pivot. It is observed that an external magnetic field of 0.25 T is required to hold
the magnet in equilibrium at an angle of 30° with the field. Calculate the value of
F. How will the equilibrium be effected if F is withdrawn?
43. A long straight wire AB carries a current of 5 A. A proton P travels at 4  106 m/s parallel to the wire 0·2 m
from it and in a direction opposite to the current as shown in the figure. Calculate the force which the
magnetic field due to the current carrying wire exerts on the proton. Also give its direction.