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Hacke Bitcoin Script

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17 views

Hacke Bitcoin Script

Uploaded by

calebonuche503
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bitcoin Script is a low-level, stack-based programming language used

in the Bitcoin blockchain. It is purposefully simple, not Turing-


complete, and designed for processing transactions securely. Bitcoin
Script operates by combining instructions (opcodes) in scripts to define
conditions under which Bitcoin can be spent.

Here’s an overview:

Key Features

1. Stack-based Execution: Scripts operate on a data stack and


sometimes an additional alt stack.

2. Stateless: Each script runs independently and does not retain state
beyond execution.

3. Non-Turing Complete: This design ensures no infinite loops or


computational risks.

4. Deterministic: Same input always produces the same result.

Script Structure

A Bitcoin transaction has two scripts:

• ScriptPubKey (locking script): Set by the sender, specifies the


conditions to spend funds.

• ScriptSig (unlocking script): Provided by the spender, contains data to


meet the conditions in the ScriptPubKey.

When a transaction is validated:

1. The ScriptSig is run.

2. Its output is combined with the ScriptPubKey.

3. The resulting script is executed. If it ends with TRUE, the transaction is


valid.

Common Script Examples

1. Pay-to-PubKey-Hash (P2PKH)
The most common script type for simple Bitcoin transactions.

ScriptPubKey:

OP_DUP OP_HASH160 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG

ScriptSig (provided by the spender):

2. Pay-to-Script-Hash (P2SH)

Enables more complex spending conditions.

ScriptPubKey:

OP_HASH160 OP_EQUAL

ScriptSig:

3. Multi-Signature (M-of-N signatures required):

A multi-signature script requiring M valid signatures from N public


keys.

ScriptPubKey:

OP_ ... OP_ OP_CHECKMULTISIG

ScriptSig:

OP_0 ...

Opcode Categories

• Stack Operations: OP_DUP, OP_DROP, OP_SWAP, etc.

• Arithmetic: OP_ADD, OP_SUB, OP_EQUAL, etc.

• Crypto Operations: OP_HASH160, OP_CHECKSIG, etc.

• Flow Control: OP_IF, OP_ELSE, OP_ENDIF, etc.

Example: P2PKH in Action

1. Sender creates:
2. Receiver spends:

ScriptSig:

Combined script:

OP_DUP OP_HASH160 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG

Applications

Bitcoin Script underpins Bitcoin’s functionality, including:

• Standard transactions (P2PKH, P2SH).

• Multi-signature wallets.

• Timelocks (e.g., OP_CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY).

Although limited in complexity, Bitcoin Script’s security and


determinism make it essential for trustless financial systems. If you
have a specific use case in mind, let me know!

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