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JHK - Lecture - 1 On Nuclear Reactor Design and Features

The basic concept of Nuclear Reactor Design and Features

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TAMJID ISLAM
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14 views54 pages

JHK - Lecture - 1 On Nuclear Reactor Design and Features

The basic concept of Nuclear Reactor Design and Features

Uploaded by

TAMJID ISLAM
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Nuclear Reactor Design and Features

Course Code: NE 425

Dr. Md. Jahirul Haque Khan


Chief Scientific Officer and Head
Reactor Physics and Engineering Division
Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology
Atomic Energy Research Establishment
Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission
Email: [email protected] and
Mobile: 01918923451
Fuel Burnup and Reactivity Control
• Contents
• 1.1 Fuel Burnup Analysis
• 1.1.1 Burnup Equations
• 1.1.2 Solutions of the Burnup Equations
• 1.1.3 Reactivity Changes with Burnup
• 1.1.4 Burnup .
Abstract
Nuclear reactor design is based on knowledge and data from many nuclear
engineering fields including nuclear reactor physics, nuclear thermal hydraulics,
and nuclear safety.
Nuclear fuel burnup and reactivity control are important points in the core design
of nuclear reactors.
The fuel burnup analysis generally evaluates the time-dependent core power
distribution and reactivity by solving burnup equations for the atomic density
change of nuclides contained in the fuel as well as solving multi-group diffusion
equations for neutron flux distribution and effective neutron multiplication
factor. The core power distribution is necessary information for thermal-
hydraulic and fuel designs.
The core design for reactivity control predicts reactivity change during reactor
operation and determines its optimal control methods based on calculations of
reactivity change with fuel burnup, fission product (FP) accumulation (poisoning
effect), inherent reactivity feedback by temperature changes of fuel and coolant,
etc. Among the general methods available for reactivity control, the insertion
and withdrawal of neutron absorbers, generally referred to as control rods, is
the approach usually taken for power reactors. A burnable poison, (a nuclide
that has a large neutron absorption cross section) or a chemical shim (a
neutron-absorbing chemical, usually boric acid, which is concentrated in the
moderator or coolant) is employed for reactivity control depending on reactor
types.
• 1.1 Fuel Burnup Analysis
• During reactor operation, neutron interactions with fuel give rise
to various nuclear reactions such as fission of fissile nuclides,
conversion of fertile nuclides into fissile ones, and production of
FPs. This solves the burnup equation to determine atomic
number densities of fissile and fertile nuclides in fuel, and
considers the changes with fuel burnup. Fission products are
mainly treated in Sect. 1.2.
• 1.1.1 Burnup Equations

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