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Give A Step by Step Solution With Installation and Configuration For Desktop Virtualization With Above Solution

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44 views6 pages

Give A Step by Step Solution With Installation and Configuration For Desktop Virtualization With Above Solution

Uploaded by

tahazzad hossain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Give a step by step solution with installation and configuration for desktop virtualization with

above solution.

Setting up a Desktop Virtualization Infrastructure (VDI) using OpenStack involves installing


and configuring OpenStack components, setting up desktop images, and providing remote access
to users. Below is a step-by-step guide for installation and configuration using the above
solution. This guide includes installing OpenStack, configuring the necessary services, and
integrating additional open-source tools for remote desktop access.

Step 1: Set Up OpenStack

1.1. Install OpenStack with DevStack (Quick Start)

We will use DevStack for a simplified installation. It’s a good option for testing environments
but not recommended for production. For production, use the OpenStack Ansible deployment or
Packstack.

1. Install DevStack Dependencies:


o Install the necessary packages on a Ubuntu 22.04 LTS server:

bash

 
 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get install -y git
 sudo apt-get install -y python3-dev python3-pip
 sudo apt-get install -y libffi-dev gcc libssl-dev

 Clone DevStack Repo:

 Clone the DevStack repository:

bash

 
 git clone https://opendev.org/openstack/devstack.git
 cd devstack

 Create local.conf Configuration File:

 Create a local.conf file for DevStack configuration:

bash
nano local.conf
Add the following minimal configuration:
bash

 
 [[local|localrc]]
 ADMIN_PASSWORD=password
 DATABASE_PASSWORD=$ADMIN_PASSWORD
 RABBIT_PASSWORD=$ADMIN_PASSWORD
 SERVICE_PASSWORD=$ADMIN_PASSWORD

 Run DevStack Installation:

 Run the installation script (this may take some time):

bash
 ./stack.sh

Once finished, OpenStack will be installed, and the Horizon dashboard will be accessible from a
browser at:

arduino
4. http://<your-server-ip>:8000
5. You can log in with the username admin and the password set in local.conf.

1.2. Set Up OpenStack Core Services

Make sure the following core services are up and running:

 Nova (Compute)
 Neutron (Networking)
 Cinder (Block Storage)
 Glance (Image Management)
 Keystone (Identity Service)

You can verify the services are running by logging into the Horizon Dashboard.

Step 2: Prepare Virtual Desktop Images

2.1. Upload Windows/Linux Desktop Image to OpenStack

1. Download the ISO/Image:


o Download a Windows or Linux image (e.g., Windows 10 or Ubuntu Desktop).
2. Convert Image to QCOW2 Format (if not already in this format):
bash
2. qemu-img convert -O qcow2 path_to_image.iso path_to_image.qcow2
3.
4. Upload the Image to Glance:
o Log into the Horizon Dashboard, go to Project > Compute > Images, and upload
your QCOW2 image.
o Set the image as bootable.

2.2. Create a Virtual Machine (VM) from the Image

1. Go to Project > Compute > Instances in Horizon.


2. Launch an instance from the uploaded desktop image.
3. Configure Cinder for persistent storage if needed.

Step 3: Set Up Remote Access with Apache Guacamole

3.1. Install Apache Guacamole (Remote Desktop Gateway)

1. Install Docker (Optional for Simplicity):


o Install Docker and Docker Compose:

bash

 
 sudo apt-get install -y docker.io
 sudo apt-get install -y docker-compose

 Run Apache Guacamole with Docker Compose:

 Create a docker-compose.yml file for Guacamole:

bash
nano docker-compose.yml
Add the following configuration:
yaml

 
 version: '2'
 services:
 guacamole:
 image: guacamole/guacamole
 ports:
 - "8080:8080"
 links:
 - guacd
 depends_on:
 - guacd

 guacd:
 image: guacamole/guacd

 postgres:
 image: postgres
 environment:
 POSTGRES_USER: guacamole
 POSTGRES_PASSWORD: password
 POSTGRES_DB: guacamole_db

 Start the Guacamole Containers:

 Start the containers:

bash

3.
o docker-compose up -d
o
4. Access Apache Guacamole:
o Guacamole will now be running at
http://<your-server-ip>:8080/guacamole.
o The default login is guacadmin/guacadmin.

3.2. Configure Remote Access for Virtual Desktops

1. Set Up Guacamole Connections:


o In the Guacamole web interface, create new connections for each virtual desktop.
o Use RDP or VNC to configure remote desktop access.
o You can use SPICE (for higher performance) or NoVNC for HTML5-based
access.
2. Enable SSL for Secure Access (Optional):
o For production environments, set up SSL on the Apache server to secure access to
Guacamole.

Step 4: Integrate Keystone for Authentication

1. Integrate Keystone with Apache Guacamole:


o Use Keystone’s Identity Service to manage user authentication.
o Modify Guacamole’s authentication module to connect with OpenStack
Keystone.
2. Configure LDAP/Active Directory in Keystone (If Needed):
o If your organization uses LDAP or Active Directory, configure Keystone to
authenticate users via your existing identity provider.
Step 5: Networking with Neutron

5.1. Create Virtual Networks for VDI Desktops

1. Log into Horizon Dashboard.


2. Go to Project > Network > Networks and create a new network.
3. Assign your virtual desktops to this network.

5.2. Enable Access Between Users and Desktops

1. Set up Security Groups in Neutron to allow RDP, VNC, or SPICE traffic between users
and their desktops.
2. Assign floating IPs to the virtual desktops to make them accessible from the outside if
necessary.

Step 6: Orchestrate Desktop Deployment with OpenStack Heat

6.1. Install and Configure Heat (Orchestration Service)

1. Install Heat:

bash
 sudo apt-get install heat-api heat-engine

 Create a Heat Template for VDI Desktops:

 Define a Heat template to automatically deploy virtual desktops with predefined


configurations (e.g., number of CPUs, RAM, storage).
 Here’s a basic Heat template example:

yaml

 
 heat_template_version: 2018-03-02
 resources:
 desktop_instance:
 type: OS::Nova::Server
 properties:
 name: DesktopInstance
 flavor: m1.medium
 image: windows-10-image
 networks:
 - network: private_network
 Launch Heat Stack:

 Use the Heat template to automatically deploy multiple virtual desktops:

bash

3.
o openstack stack create -t desktop-heat-template.yaml vdi_stack
o

Step 7: Testing and Managing the VDI Solution

1. Test Virtual Desktops:


o Ensure that users can access their virtual desktops via Apache Guacamole or
SPICE/NoVNC.
o Test login, remote access, and session persistence for users.
2. Monitor and Manage Virtual Desktops:
o Use OpenStack’s Horizon Dashboard to manage the desktop instances.
o Use Keystone for user management and access control.

Conclusion

By following these steps, you can set up an open-source Desktop Virtualization Infrastructure
(VDI) using OpenStack. The key components are OpenStack Nova for compute resources,
Cinder for storage, Neutron for networking, and Apache Guacamole for clientless remote
desktop access. This solution offers a flexible, scalable, and cost-effective alternative to
VMware's VDI solutions.

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