ATRIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION SCIENCE

ENGINEERING

IOT PROJECT REPORT

ANTI SLEEP ALARM FOR

DRIVERS
S J YESHWANTH, SYED MOHAMMED TAHA, SARVESH PRADEEP C S

Introduction
The drowsiness detection system is capable of detecting drowsiness in quickly. The
system which can differentiate normal eye blink and drowsiness can prevent the
driver from entering the state of sleepiness while driving. The system works well
irrespective of driver wearing spectacles and under low light conditions also. During
the monitoring, the system is able to decide if the eyes are closed or opened. When
the eyes have been closed for too long a warning signal is issued. The ultimate goal
of the system is to check the drowsiness condition of the driver. Based on the eye
movements of the driver, the drowsiness is detected and according o eye blink, the
alarm will be generated to alert the driver and to reduce the speed of the vehicle
along with the indication of parking light. By doing this, many accidents will be
reduced and provides safety to the driver and vehicle. A system that is driver safety
and car security is presented only in luxurious costly cars. Using eye detection,
driver security and safety can be implemented in normal car also.

Functions of the Components:

⦁ IR SENSOR: It is a electronic device used to detect some objects near-by

surroundings. It detects the movement of an object. In this project we used IR
Sensor as an input to detect the moment of eye-blink.

⦁ ARDUINO NANO: It is a Microcontroller board. It is used for technical support,

where we dump a code into it and it works as a Controller or a Function. The
operating Voltage of 5v, however the input Voltage can vary from 7 to 12v.

⦁ BUZZER: A piezo Buzzer is used to get output of the executed program and any
errors occurs in process an immediate buzzer is generated

Arduino Nano:

The Arduino Nano is a small, complete, and breadboard-friendly board based on the
ATmega328P released in 2008. It offers the same connectivity and specs of the
Arduino Uno board in a smaller form factor. The Arduino Nano is equipped with 30
male I/O headers, in a DIP-30-like configuration, which can be programmed using
the Arduino Software integrated development environment (IDE), which is common
to all Arduino boards and running both online and offline. The board can be powered
through a type-B mini-USB cable or from a 9 V battery.

Despite the size, Arduino Nano packs in more or less the same features as UNO. If
you compare UNO and Nano, then Nano lacks the DC Power Jack and contains a
mini- B type USB connector. Other than that Nano is very similar to UNO in terms of
functionality.
IR Sensor:

IR sensor is an electronic device that emits the light in order to sense some object
of the surroundings. An IR Sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as
detects the motion. Usually, in the Infrared spectrum all the objects radiate some
form of thermal radiation. These types of radiations are invisible to our eyes, but
infrared sensor can detect these radiations. The emitter is simply an IR LED and the
detector is simply an IR photodiode. Photodiode is sensitive to IR light of the same
wavelength which is emitted by the IR LED. When IR light falls on the photodiode,
the resistances and the output voltages will change in proportion to the magnitude
of the IR light received.

There are five basic elements used in a typical infrared detection system: an
infrared source, a transmission medium, optical component, infrared detectors or
receivers and signal processing. Infrared lasers and Infrared LED's of specific
wavelength used as infrared sources.
PIiezo Buzzer:

The piezo buzzer produces sound based on reverse of the piezoelectric effect. The
generation of pressure variation or strain by the application of electric potential
across a piezoelectric material is the underlying principle. These buzzers can be
used to alert a user of an event corresponding to a switching action, counter signal
or sensor input. They are also used in alarm circuits.

The buzzer produces a noisy sound irrespective of the voltage variation applied to
it. It consists of piezo crystals between two conductors. When a potential is applied
across these crystals, they push on one conductor and pull on the other. This, push
and pull action, results in a sound wave. Most buzzers produce sound in the range
of 2 to 4 kHz.

The Red lead is connected to the Input and the Black lead is connected to Ground.

HARDWARE COMPONENTS

Eye Glasses / Spectacles:

The eye blink system comes with an IR sensor mounted on glasses which
the user can wear like regular glasses, shown in the picture below. Eye
blink Sensor is a relatively simple sensor used to detect eye blinks. It uses
a simple infrared sensor to detect if the person's eye is closed and the
corresponding data received can further be processed by any logic as
required for the application.
9V Battery:

The nine-volt battery, 9V Battery, is an electric battery that supplies a nominal

voltage of 9 volts. Actual voltage measures 7.2 to 9.6 volts. Here we 9V battery for
power supply to execute the working process.

SPST SWITCH:

SPST Single pole single throw switch is nothing but a simple two-terminal switch
which help us to disconnect the one terminal to another terminal (vice versa– ON or
OFF operation).

PROJECT WORKING AND RESULT

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:

⦁ Connected all the Components as Shown in above Circuit Diagram.

⦁ Required Code is dumped into Arduino NANO using Arduino IDE by Connecting
USB Cable to Laptop/ Computer.

⦁ Now Power supply is given to the Circuit with a help of a 9V Battery.

⦁ IR Sensor is used to detect the Eye-blink or closing the eyes of a person, if eyes
closed for a while an immediate buzzer automatically turns ON.

⦁ The buzzer automatically turns OFF, when the person come back to his normal
state.

⦁ The Micro vibration motor turns ON simultaneously

with the buzzer.

Output of the Project WORKING:

⦁ The project is used to detect the Eye-blink or closing the eyes of a person, if eyes
closed for a while. The buzzer automatically turns ON, when the person comes back
to his normal State. The buzzer goes OFF.

ADVANTAGES:
⦁ It is used to avoid the accidents.

⦁ It is more efficient and simple to use.

⦁ The Device is useful especially for people who travel long distance and Drive late
at night.

DISADVANTAGES:

⦁ Device may not work when the system circuitry fails.

⦁ Yawning repeatedly or rubbing the eyes may get the circuit ON.

APPLICATIONS:

⦁ Eyelid distance tracking to detect the Sleepiness.

⦁ Sleepiness detection is efficient and alarms will generate only when demanded
(while in asleep).

⦁ This can be used in high-end manufacturing cars to prevent accidents.

⦁ Not only for Drivers but also, the device is used in number of ways like, ATM
Guard Security, Military Base Security, bank Security and so on.

FUTURE SCOPE & CONCLUSION

⦁ FUTURE SCOPE:

Though the prototype model worked very efficient with remarkable output, the real
life situations is going to be way more challenging and demanding. This system is
an attempt to help in decreasing and/or prevent road accidents that happen due to
drivers’ drowsiness. Using our Anti Sleep Alarm System the drivers will be benefited
and be alert while driving with a low price. We believe that our model has lots of
societal impact which will reduce the accidents. In future we will use small micro
camera which will replace the eye sensor and will incorporate GPS module in the
device to track the location of the driver. Since the price is very affordable, we have
a plan to marketing it in future. It can be added to every high-end manufacturing
cars to prevent accidents. Sleepiness detection is Efficient and alarms will generate
only when demanded (while in asleep). Due to portable size it can be used in
different applications.
⦁ CONCLUSION:

This Project “ANTI-SLEEP ALARM FOR DRIVERS” is successfully designed, and tested
and demo unit is fabricated.

The goal of this project is to develop a device that can accurately detect sleepy
driving and make alarms accordingly, which aims to prevent the drivers from
drowsy driving and create a safer driving environment. The project was
accomplished by an IR sensor. This system detects the drowsiness in quickly. This
system which can differentiate normal eye blink and drowsiness can prevent the
driver from entering the state of sleepiness while driving. Whenever a driver asleep
due to drowsiness, the buzzer continuously starts beeping unless the driver gets
back to his/her normal position. The ultimate goal of the system is to prevent the
road accident, where the values measured in life.