Information Technology

Practical File
For Secondary School Certificate Examination
2024-2025

By
Shivam

Submitted to:
Mr. Krishan Singh Sir

4C Colony Jamna Kothi,

New Loha Mandi Rd, Harmada,
Jaipur, Rajasthan 302013

1
 Acknowledgement

First and foremost, I would like to thank our English Teacher (Name of Teacher) who guided us
in doing these projects. He provided us with invaluable advice and helped us in difficult periods.
His motivation and help contributed tremendously to the successful completion of the project.

Besides, we would like to thank all the teachers who helped us by giving us advice and
providing the equipment which we needed.

Also I would like to thank my family and friends for their support. Without that support we
couldn’t have succeeded in completing this project.

At last but not in least, we would like to thank everyone who helped and motivated us to work
on this project.
 Index

Open Office Writer 4

Open Office Calc 8

Database 12
Open Office Writer
Style Tool
In Open Office Writer some text formatting like font size, font alignment and font face are by
default saved in the software. Those predefined formatting are called style.

For example sometime a user wants to format a heading aligned center, text bold and
underlined in comparison to the paragraph. In this case applying all formatting features in all
headings, we can create a style which would save a lot of time.

Types of Styles
In Open Office ‘Style and Formatting Window’ is used to create, update and delete the style.
F11 is the shortcut key to get 'Style and Formatting Window.' It provides different options:

1) Paragraph Style is used to set font face, font size. line spaces in a Paragraph.

2) Character Style is used to set font face, font size on a sentence.

3) Frame Style is used to set graphics,

labels, watermark in a Frame.

4) Page Style is used to set page

orientation, header, footer in a Page.
5) List Style is used to set list in alphabet,
number, roman (a, b, c; 1, 2, 3; I ,ii, iii,)

6) Fill Format Mode is used to format a

sentence super fast.

7) New Style from selection is used to create

own style.

Steps to create a style

Steps to use Paragraph / Character Style:

1) Select a paragraph in a document.

2) Open Style and Formatting Window (F11 shortcut
key) and click on Paragraph Style/Character Style.

There we see many options like

i) Heading 1
ii) Heading 2
iii) Heading 3

Image

An image plays an important role in a digital

document. An article becomes more interactive and
reader doesn’t feel bored. We see newspaper’s each
articles with at least with one or more photographs.
In Open Office Writer, image can be inserted using
two methods.

Steps to insert an Image:

1) Click on Insert tab in Open Office writer.

2) Select picture option and a sub menu

open up.

3) Select any option ‘From File’ or ‘Scan’.

4) ‘From File’ is used to access picture

from computer.

5) ‘Scan’ is used to scan a picture.

Steps to crop an image:
1) Right click your mouse after selecting an image.

2) A menu opens up. Now select picture option.

3) A picture dialogue box opens up.

Grouping
Grouping is used to combine multiple
objects into one object which is helpful to
resize and move multiple objects in a
document. These are the steps to use
grouping object:

1) Draw two objects (for example:

one circle and a rectangle)

2) Select first object and then press Ctrl +

Shift and select second object with
mouse.

3) Now right click mouse button and select group option

Note: For ungrouping select grouped object and click mouse right button and select
Group>Ungroup option.

Template
A template is a predefined layout of a
document where we fill our information
and in no time our document is ready.
Any setting that can be saved and
modified in a document can be saved in a
template. There are different types of
template for example: Website template,
Document template, Presentation
template
Steps to create a template manually:
1) In open office writer type a document

2) Do formatting like font size, font face, font color, Bold, Underline, Italic.

3) Now go to ‘file tab’ and click ‘templates’ option.

These are the steps to create a template using wizard:

1) Go to ‘file’ tab and click ‘wizard’.

2) Now choose any option for

example: Letter, Fax, Agenda etc.

Predefined template
These are the steps to use predefined
template:

1) Go to ‘file’ tab and click ‘new’.

2) Now select ‘templates & documents’ options.

3) Choose your template and press ‘open’ button.

Open Office Calc
Consolidating
Consolidating data means combining
data from multiple tables or multiple
sheets in a workbook. In consolidating
data inbuilt functions are used example:
Sum, Count, Average, Max, Min and
Product.

These are the steps for consolidating

data in open office calc

1) Create tables in a worksheet.

2) Click Data tab and select

consolidate option.
3) A consolidate dialogue box opens
up. Select any function example: sum,
average, count, max, min or product.
4) Select two tables from worksheet.

5) Now press more buttons and select

‘row labels’, ‘column labels’ and ‘link to
source data’. After selection, press OK
button and consolidate data is ready.
Subtotal
The Subtotal option is used to automatically create groups and apply inbuilt functions like Sum,
Average, Count to summaries data in a sheet.

These are the steps to use Subtotal in

a sheet:

1) Create a table in a sheet.

2) Go to the data tab for subtotal.

3) Select Subtotal option.

4) In Subtotals dialog box, select ‘Item’

in group by option.

5) In calculate subtotal for box select ‘Quantity’.

6) In use function select “Sum’.

7) Now press 'OK' button.

Scenario
In ‘What if scenario’ a set of values are changed to predict some results, which spreadsheet
save automatically with scenario names.

These are the steps for ‘what if scenario’:

1) Create a table in a spreadsheet.

2) Select the table.
3) Go to ‘Tools’ tab.
4) Select ‘Scenarios’ option.
5) In ‘Create Scenarios box’ give
scenarios name.
6) Now for other scenarios, change the
Principal amount and repeat same steps (2 -
5).

What if multiple operations

What if multiple operations is used to make
many scenarios unlike in what if scenarios
two or three values could be changed. The
multiple operations tool creates a formula
array a separate set of cells that give all the
alternative results.

These are the steps to use multiple

operations:
1) Create a table,
2) Type values as row input cell or
column input cell,
3) Select the column input cell,
4) Go to Data tab,
5) Select Multiple Operations,
Goal Seek
Goal Seek feature is an important part of What if analysis feature of Spreadsheet. Goal seek
is basically used when our output value if fixed and we have to make a change in any one of
the input values. Goal Seek is just reverse of Scenario.

These are the steps for Goal Seek:

1) Create a table in a sheet,
2) Go to tools tab,
3) Select Goal Seek option,
4) In Goal Seek dialog box, enter
values in formula cell, in target value,
and in variable cell,
5) Press OK button.

Solver

Solver is a more descriptive form of

Goal Seek. Solver can deal with multiple
variables as the Goal Seek is used to
manipulate one variable cell.

These are the steps to use Solver in

Open Office:
1) Create a table,
2) Go to Tools tab,
3) Select Solver option,
4) In Solver dialogue box: Enter
target value, optimize result to, and
limiting conditions,

5) Press OK button.
 Database
Flat File Database

Software that is used for creating documents and it can be used to store Data in a table. For
example MS Word can be used to store one class Data like students name, Age, DOB, Address,
Father Name, and Mother Name etc. For example MS Word, MS Excel

Database Management System

DBMS is software that is primarily designed to store large among of Data in an organized
way. It helps to store, update, delete and retrieve data in an easy manner, so websites,
application software use DBMS to store large amount of data.

Advantages of Database

1) Data Duplicity: In database particular information is stored centrally at one place, so

duplicity of data is reduced.

2) Data Sharing: In a centralized database, data can be shared with different websites as well
as with application software.

3) Better Security: Database is more secure as the users are divided into different categories.
Some of the users may be given authority to read and use the data; other may be given
authority to update data.

4) Data Integrity: Let’s take an example of a database that contains marks scored by students
in an examination. The maximum marks are 100. The marks secured by a student can’t exceed
100. Integrity checks can be inbuilt into the database such that it will accept numbers only in
the range of 0 to 100.

5) Backup and Recovery: Database provides backup and recovery feature. So in case disk
crashes, power failures, or software gives errors, the database can be recovered to the
previous state.
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Primary Key
Primary Key is the field (Emp-ID, E-Name etc) in a table which has unique values and doesn’t
remain empty. It helps to find records in a table. You can have only one Primary key in a table.

Composite Key

Composite Key is one or more fields which have all the qualities of Primary key. In above table
Aadhar-No is the composite key as it has unique values.

Foreign Key

Foreign Key is a field in a table which setup a relationship among the tables. In above table
Dept-No is the Foreign Key as it setup relationship between two tables.

Data Type

Data Type is the values that are going to be saved in a table. In above table Employee Name
will be Character, Salary will be Number.

There are the different types of Data Types:

Number data type contains number with or without decimal point.

Character data type contains fixed length of

characters. Its size doesn’t change according to
the values, so it is defined with its size. Minimum
and Maximum value for the size are 1 and 2000.
Syntax: Char (50)

Varchar means variable-character as its length

changes according to its values. Minimum and
Maximum value for the size are 1 and 4000.
Syntax: Varchar (40)
Date data type is used to save date and time values. Format: DD: MM: RR

Data Definition Language

DDL commands are subset of SQL commands.

These commands are primarily used for defining
and modifying the structure of a database or a
table. These are the following commands used in
DDL

Data Manipulation Language

DML commands are the most commonly
used SQL commands. These are used to
manipulate the existing database. There are
main four basic commands.

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Thankyou