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1.4 Relational Data Model

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46 views16 pages

1.4 Relational Data Model

Uploaded by

kirtick.mm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COLLECTION OF DATA

FORMS DATABASE
DATA DATABASE DBMS
🡪 🡪
RELATIONAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM(RDBMS)
◦ All modern database management systems
like SQL, MS SQL Server, IBM DB2, ORACLE,
My-SQL and Microsoft Access are based on
RDBMS.
◦ RDBMS is based on relational
model introduced by E.F. Codd.
• Software application used to
create,
manage and administer Relational
Databases
• Specially designed for creating
and managing relational databases
Question?
Relational Database
• Database is organized as group of
related tables
• Each table represents a
database entity

• Each table is a group of column


and rows, where
• column represents attribute
of an entity
• rows represents records.
Relational Database - Example
Relational Model
• Relational Model represents how data is stored in Relational Databases
• represents the database as a collection of relations
• In relational model, the data and relationships are represented by
collection of interrelated tables.
Relational Model - Example
RELATIONAL MODEL TERMINOLOGIES

Table collection of data


represented in rows
and columns

Record or Tuple Each row of a table

Field or
Column name or Each column in a Table
Attribute
RELATIONAL MODEL TERMINOLOGIES
For e.g.,
set of permitted values domain of month-of-year
Domain can accept January,
for an attribute in
February,…December
table
Degree total number of attributes -

total number of rows present


Cardinality -
in the Table
e.g.;
represents name of the STUDENT (ROLL_NO,
Relation Schema
relation with its attributes NAME, ADDRESS, PHONE and AGE)
is relation schema for STUDENT
value which is not known or
NULL Values unavailable is called NULL represented by blank space
value
RELATIONAL MODEL TERMINOLOGIES

specific instance of a
relation instance relation, i.e., containing a
specific set of rows

they can uniquely identify the


Keys
tuple
RELATION SCHEMA
• Database Schema
• logical design of the database
• Relation Schema
• consists of a list of attributes and their corresponding domains
◦ A1, A2, …, An are attributes
◦ R = (A1, A2, …, An ) is a relation schema
◦ Example:
◦ instructor = (ID, name, dept_name, salary)
◦ A relation instance r defined over schema R is denoted by r (R).
◦ The current values a relation are specified by a table
RELATION
SCHEMA
Schema Diagram
• A database schema, along with primary key and foreign key
dependencies, can be depicted by schema diagrams
• Each relation appears as a box, with the relation name at the
top, and the attributes listed inside the box

• Primary key attributes are shown underlined


• Foreign key dependencies appear as arrows from the foreign key
attributes of the referencing relation to the primary key of the
referenced relation.
Schema Diagram for University DB
Write the relational schema?

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