Force and Pressure

Class 8
Extra Questions Very Short Answer Questions
Question 1.What is the name of the instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure?
Answer:Barometer
Question 2.Give two examples of contact force.Answer: Muscular force ,Force of friction
Question 3.Name the force exerted on a ball of dough to make a flat chapati.Answer:Muscular
force
Question 4.What kind of force is an electrostatic force?Answer:Non-contact force
Question 5.Is the gravity a property of earth only?Answer:No
Question 6.Name the force due to which every object falls on earth.Answer:Gravitational force
Question 7.What do you mean by pressure?Answer:Force per unit area (Force/Area)
Question 8.Do liquids and gases also exert pressure?Answer:Yes
Question 9.What are the two states of motion?Answer:The state of rest., The state of motion.
Question 10.What kind of force is friction?Answer:Contact force
Question 11.What type of force is gravitational force?Answer:Non-contact force
Question 12.Is it true that force acting on an object can also change its shape?Answer:Yes, it is
true.
Question 13.While sieving grains, small pieces fall down. Which force pulls them down?
Answer:Gravitational force
Question 14.How can we change the speed and the direction of a moving body?Answer:By
applying force.
Question 15.What is the distance moved by an object in unit time called?Answer:Speed
Question 16.Does force of gravity act on dust particles?Answer:Yes
Question 17.Does the force of gravitation exist between two astronauts in space?Answer:Yes
Question 18.What is a force?Answer:A push or pull on an object is called force.
Question 19.What is the SI unit of pressure?Answer:Pascal (Pa)
Question 20.At least how many objects are needed to apply a force?Answer:At least two objects
are needed to apply a force.
Question 21.Give one example of gravitational force.Answer:An apple falling from the tree to
ground.
Question 22.What is meant by atmospheric pressure?Answer:The weight of air acting per unit
area is known as atmospheric pressure.
Question 23.What do you mean by magnitude?Answer:The strength of a force is usually
expressed by its magnitude.
Question 24.What is muscular force?Answer:The force resulting due to the action of muscles is
known as muscular force.
Question 25.What is contact force?Answer:Force that can be applied only when it is in contact
with an object is called contact force.
Question 26.What do you mean by the term atmosphere?Answer:The envelop of air all around
us is known as atmosphere.
1 Mark Questions and Answers
Question 1.When we press the bulb of a dropper with its nozzle kept in water, air in the dropper
seems to escape in the form of bubbles. Once we release the pressure on the bulb, water gets
filled in the dropper. The rise of water in the dropper is due to [NCERT]
pressure of water
gravity of the earth.
shape of rubber bulb.
atmospheric pressure.
Answer:atmospheric pressure
Question 2.An inflated balloon was pressed against a wall after it has been rubbed with a piece
of synthetic cloth. It was found that the balloon sticks to the wall. What force might be
responsible for the attraction between the balloon and the wall ? [NCERT]Answer:Electrostatic
force.
Question 3.Define force.Answer:Force is a push or pull on an object.
Question 4.How many objects should be present for a force to come into play ?Answer:There
should be atleast two objects for a force to come into play.
Question 5.Two friends A and B are applying a force of 2 newton and 4 newton on a box in the
same direction. What will be the total force applied by them ?Answer:The total force will be 6
newton, i.e., the sum of their individual forces.
Question 6.In a tug of war, side A applies 10 newton force and side B applies 8 newton force.
Which side will the rope move ?Answer:The rope will move towards side A as more force is
applied by side A.
Question 7.What happens to the speed of a body when a force is applied ?Answer:The speed of a
body can be increased or decreased by applying force.
Question 8.Can we change the direction of the moving object by applying a force ?Answer:Yes,
we can change the direction of the moving object by applying a force.
Question 9.What is meant by change in state of motion of the object ?Answer:Any change in the
speed or direction of motion or both means a change in state of motion of the object.
Question 10.Is it possible that a force changes the direction of motion but not the speed of an
object ?Answer:Yes, it is possible when a body is moving on a circular path.
Question 11.Give an example to show that force can change the shape of an
object.Answer:Pressing a rubber ball with the hand changes its shape
Question 12.What is meant by muscular force ?Answer:The force resulting due to the action of
muscles is known” as the muscular force.
Question 13.What is meant by contact force ?Answer:A force which is applied only when it is in
contact with an object is called a contact force.
Question 14.Does the force of friction also act on the objects moving in the air ?Answer:Yes, air
also offers friction to objects moving in air.
Question 15.Is it essential for the agent applying a force on an object to be in contact ?
Answer:No, the force can also act from a distance. It is known as non-contact force.
Question 16.Give one example of a force which can act from a distance.Answer:Magnetic force,
i.e., the force exerted by a magnet on another magnet or a piece of iron.
Question 17.What is meant by force of gravitation ?Answer:The force of attraction exerted by
the earth on all objects is called the force of gravitation.
Question 18.Is the force of gravity a contact force or non-contact force ?Answer:Force of
gravity is a non-contact force.
Question 19.Which force is responsible for the weight of objects ?Answer:The force of gravity is
responsible for the weight of objects.
Question 20.Does the force of gravitation exist between two objects on the earth ?Answer:Yes,
the force of gravitation exists between two objects on the earth but it is very weak.
Question 21.Do the gases and liquids exert pressure on the walls of the container ?Answer:Yes,
liquids and gases exert pressure on the walls of the container.
Question 22.Define atmosphere.Answer:The air surrounding us is known as atmosphere.
Question 23.Name two types of contact forces.Answer:Muscular force and frictional force.
Question 24.Name the force due to which planets revolve around the sun.Answer:Gravitational
force.
2 Mark Questions and Answers
Question 1.Why is it comfortable to lift a school bag with broad straps than thin straps ? [NCT
2008]Answer:Pressure is inversely proportional to area. Since broader straps have greater
area, therefore, the pressure decreases.
Question 2.Why do mountaineers suffer from nose bleeding at high altitudes ?Answer:The
atmospheric pressure decreases with high altitude. Since the pressure of the blood inside the
body is high, the nose starts bleeding.
Question 3.Why is easier to hammer a sharp nail into wood than a blunt one ?Answer:Pressure =
force / area.Therefore, when we hammer a sharp nail, force acts on a smaller area, and it exerts
more pressure on the nail.
Question 4.How would pressure change if
1. area is doubled keeping force constant
2. force is doubled keeping area constant ?
Answer:
1. If area is doubled keeping the force constant, then pressure becomes half.
2. If force is doubled keeping area constant, then pressure becomes double.
Question 5.Why are caterpillar tracks used in battle tanks instead of tyres ?Answer:Caterpillar
tracks are used in battle tanks instead of tyres to increase the area of contact. As a result they
can even cross sinking grounds as the pressure exerted on the ground is less.
Question 6.Give two examples each of situations in which you push or pull to change the state of
motion of objects. [NCERT]Answer:Push — moving a loaded cart, batsman hitting a ball.Pull —
opening a drawer, drawing a bucket of water from a well.
Question 7.Give two examples of situations in which applied force causes a change in the shape
of an object. [NCERT]Answer:
Pressing a lump of dough with hand.
Pressing an inflated balloon.
Question 8.A blacksmith hammers a hot piece of iron while making a tool. How does the force
due to hammering affect the piece of iron ? [NCERT]Answer:The piece of iron becomes
flattened due to the force of hammering.
Question 9.A camel is able to move fast on sand. Why ?Answer:A camel is able to move fast on
sand because it has flat broad feet. This increases the area of contact and therefore, the
pressure exerted by the camel on the sand reduces. Hence, the camel’s feet sink very little in
the sand.
Question 10.When does a force come into play ?Answer:An object’s interaction with another
object results in a force between the two objects.
Question 11.If the force is applied opposite to the motion, what will happen to the speed of the
object ?Answer:When the force is applied opposite to the motion of the object, then either the
speed decreases or the direction changes.
Question 12.State the two factors which describe the state of motion of an object.Answer:The
state of motion is described by its speed and direction of motion.
Question 13.A stone is tied to a thread and moved in a circular path. Is any force required to do
this ? Is there any change in speed of the stone ?Answer:Yes, a force is required to keep the
stone moving along a circular path with a constant speed, i.e., the speed does not change.
Question 14.How do the mud particles fly off the wheels of a vehicle moving on the wet road ?
Answer:The direction of the mud particles change at every point as the wheels of the vehicle
move.
Question 15.Can muscular force be applied on an object without being directly in contact with it
?Answer:No, muscular force can be applied only when it is in contact with an object.
Question 16.Why does a boat come to rest when we stop rowing it ?Answer:The boat comes to
rest when we stop rowing it due to the force of friction acting between the surface of water and
the boat.
Question 17.What is meant by electrostatic force ? Is it a contact force or a non-contact force ?
Answer:The force exerted by a charged body is known as electrostatic force. It is a non-contact
force.
Question 18.Do we feel the effect of atmospheric pressure ? Why ?Answer:No, we do not feel
the pressure of the atmosphere because air is present everywhere. Also the pressure of air
inside our body is same as that of the atmosphere.
3 Mark Questions and Answers
Question 1.Define Pressure. Write the relation between pressure force and area. Name the
instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure. [NCT 2009]Answer:Pressure is force per
unit area.Pressure = Force/AreaBarometer is use to measure atmospheric pressure.
Question 2.Why is it difficult to cut vegetables with a blunt knife ?Answer:Pressure is inversely
proportional to area. The area of the blunt knife is more and therefore, the effect of the force is
less. Therefore, more force has to be applied.
Question 3.Trucks intended to carry heavy loads have eight tyres instead of four tyres. Why ?
Answer:Trucks intended to carry heavy loads have eight tyres, so as to increase the area of
contact with the road. Since pressure is inversely proportional to area, less pressure is applied
on the road.
Question 4.Give reasons for the following :
1. The skiers use flat and broad skis
2. Deep sea divers wear special suits.
Answer:
1. The skiers use flat and broad skis to ski on the snow. The larger surface of skis reduces
pressure on snow and helps them to slide instead of sinking.
2. Deep sea divers wear special suits, because the pressure of water increases with depth. The
increased pressure may hurt the body of divers.
Question 5.How does the medicine enter a dropper ?Answer:When the dropper is pressed, the
air inside the dropper is driven out. The pressure inside the dropper decreases and the medicine
rushes inside the dropper.
Question 6.You are given rubber sucker with a hook. Can you use it for hanging articles ? Explain
how ? Give the principle involved.Answer:We can use it for hanging articles. On pressing the
sucker, the air between the cup and the surface escapes out. The pressure inside is reduced,
but the atmospheric pressure is more. Therefore, the sucker remains stuck.
Question 7.A boy throws a ball upwards, but it comes down after sometime. Why ? Which force is
acting on the ball ? What type of force is it ?Answer:The ball comes down to the force of gravity
exerted by the earth. Force of gravity is a non-contact force and it acts on a body even though
the two are not in contact with each other.
Question 8.
1. Name the two contact forces.
2. Why do we observe sparks coming out from a synthetic shirt when we take it off our body ?
3. Which force pulls the iron nails towards a magnet ?
Answer:
1. Muscular force and force of friction.
2. The sparks come out from a synthetic shirt due to the electrostatic charge on it.
3. Magnetic force.
friction
1 Mark Questions and Answers
Question 1.Define friction.Answer:Friction is the force which resists the motion of a body, while
moving on a surface.
Question 2.What is meant by sliding friction ?Answer:When one surface is sliding over the
other, sliding friction comes into play.
Question 3.When does static friction come into play ?Answer:Static friction comes into play to
counter balance the applied force on the body.
Question 4.What are lubricants ?Answer:The substances which reduce friction are called
lubricants.
Question 5.What is rolling friction ?Answer:When one body rolls over the surface of another
body, the resistance to its motion is called the rolling friction.
Question 6.What are fluids ?Answer:Fluids is the common name given to gases and liquids.
Question 7.Do fluids exert friction ?Answer:Yes, fluids also exert friction.
Question 8.What is meant by air resistance ?Answer:There is friction between a moving object
and the air through which it moves, known as air resistance.
Question 9.What is meant by drag ?Answer:The frictional force exerted by fluids is known as
drag.
Question 10.Is friction a contact force or non-contact force ?Answer:Contact force.
Question 11.Why is it difficult to walk on ice ?Answer:It is difficult to walk on ice because the
friction between feet and ice is less,
Question 12.When a boat is moving in the river, does the water offer force of friction to its
movement ?Answer:Yes, the water opposes the movement of the boat.
2 Mark Questions and Answers
Question 1.When your writing desk is tilted a little, a book kept on it starts sliding down. Mention
the direction of the frictional force acting on it.Answer:The frictional force acts in the upward
direction.
Question 2.You spill a bucket of soapy water on a marble floor accidently. Would it make easier
or more difficult for you to walk on the floor ? Why ? [NCERT]Answer:It would be more difficult
to walk on the floor with soapy water because when we walk on a soapy floor, there is little
friction between the floor and the feet, so it becomes difficult to walk.
Question 3.Put a tick mark on the correct choice :When one object moves over the surface of
other object.
surface of only lower object exerts frictional force on the upper object.
surface of only upper object exerts frictional force on the lower object.
surfaces of both the objects exert force on each other.
surfaces of both the objects exert force in a direction opposite to each other.
Answer:Surfaces of both the objects exert force in a direction opposite to each other.
Question 4.Four children have got similar toy cars. They run the car on the dry marble floor, wet
marble floor, newspaper and towel simultaneously. The force of friction between the car and
different surfaces in increasing order will be :
Wet marble floor, dry marble floor, newspaper and towel.
Newspaper, towel, dry marble floor, wet marble floor.
Towel, newspaper, dry marble floor, wet marble floor.
Dry marble floor, wet marble floor, towel, newspaper.
Answer:Wet marble floor, dry marble floor, newspaper and towel.
Question 5.Explain why sportsmen use shoes with spikes. [NCERT]Answer:Sportsman use
shoes with spikes to increase the friction. In this way, the sportsman can run faster.
Question 6.Iqbal has to push a lighter box and Seema has to push a similar heavier box on the
Who will have to apply a larger force and why ? [NCERT]Answer:Seema will have to apply more
force because the weight of the box increase and the friction increases. For a heavier box the
ridges of the surfaces get interlocked more.
Question 7.Explain why sliding friction is less than static friction. [NCERT]Answer:Sliding
friction is less than static friction because it comes into play once the body has started sliding.
To make the body slide, more force is required to overcome the irregularities in the surface of
the body.
Question 8.Explain why objects moving in fluids must have special shapes.
[NCERT]Answer:Fluids also exert a frictional force on the body moving through them.
Therefore, the shape of the body is streamlined to over the frictional force of fluids and to move
smoothly through them.
Question 9.Why does the force of friction exist ?Answer:Friction is caused by the irregularities
on the two surfaces in contact.
Question 10.Can we have surfaces with zero friction ?Answer:No, the friction can be less in
some surfaces, but it can never be zero.
Question 11.Which surface have more friction – rough or smooth ? Why ?Answer:Rough
surfaces have more friction because they have larger number of irregularities.
Question 12.Why is it possible to write on rough blackboard with chalk ?Answer:The chalk is
rubbed on the rough blackboard while writing. In the process soft chalk particles get stuck to
the irregularities of rough blackboard susfare making the writing visible.
Question 13.A ball is set rolling on the ground. Will it stop by itself ? Why ?Answer:The ball will
stop after sometime because the force of friction is acting from the opposite direction.
Question 14.Why do the soles of shoes wear out ?Answer:The soles of shoes wear out due to the
friction between the soles and the ground.
Question 15.Why are the soles of shoes grooved ?Answer:Soles of shoes are grooved so as to
provide better grip between the shoes and the ground.
Question 16.Give two examples where rolling friction is utilized.Answer:Rolling friction is utilized
by using ball bearings between the hub and the axle of a ceiling fan and the bicycle.
Question 17.What is function of ridges on your palm and bottom of your feet ?Answer:The
function of the ridges is to increase the friction.
Question 18.Name the two factors on which the magnitude of frictional force
depends.Answer:Frictional force depends on
The weight of the body and
The nature of the surface in contact.
Question 19.Give two methods by which friction is reduced in the wheels of the car.Answer:
The wheels of the car are provided with ball bearings along the axle which reduce the
friction.
The tube and tyres are inflated which reduce friction.
3 Mark Questions and Answers
Question 1.Give examples to show that friction is both a friend and a foe. [NCERT]Answer:
1. Friction is a friend in the following ways — it helps us to walk, to write on the blackboard and
to apply the brakes of a car.
2. Friction is a foe in the following ways — it causes wear and tear of machinery and shoes, it
produces heat in the machinery.
Question 2.Why does friction increase if the two surfaces are pressed ?Answer:Since the
friction is due to the interlocking of irregularities in the two surfaces which slide with respect
to each other, it increases when the two surfaces are pressed harder.
Question 3.Why it is easier to move a box which is already moving than one which is at rest ?
Answer:When the box starts sliding, the contact points on its surfaces, do not get enough time
to lock, into the contact points on the floor. So, the sliding friction is slightly less than static
friction.
Question 4.Why does a car stop when brakes are applied ?Answer:In cars, the friction is
increased by using brake pads in the brake system. The brake pads do not touch the wheels but
when we press the brake level, these pads arrest the motion of the run due to friction and the
wheels stop moving.
Question 5.Give three factors on which the frictional force in fluids depends.Answer:The
frictional force in fluids depends on :
The speed of object with respect to the fluid
The shape of the object.
Nature of the fluid.
Question 6.A labourer has to push a heavy trunk. What should be done to reduce his effort in
pushing it and why ?Answer:The labourer should put some cylindrical logs of wood under the
trunk. In this way the area of contact between the two surfaces is reduced. Rolling friction is
less than sliding friction.
Question 7.Give three harmful effects of friction.Answer:
Friction generates heat, for e.g., between the parts of machinery.
Friction causes wear and tear of the rubbing surfaces e.g., soles of shoes wear out.
Friction reduces the speed of the body and increases the consumption of energy.
Question 8.Why is friction essential ? Give three examples.Answer:
Friction is necessary between the soles of our feet and ground so that we can walk without
slipping.
Friction helps us in writing on paper.
Friction makes it possible to light a match stick, by rubbing it along the rough surface of the
match box.
Question 9.
1. How do trees help reduce friction ?
2. Why do meteors bum on entering the atmosphere ?
Answer:
1. Trees slow down strong winds and save us from wind storms.
2. The speed of the meteor is very high. Therefore, there is a large amount of friction between
the air and meteor. This generates a lot of heat and the meteor starts burning.
Question 10.Gaurav went to the market on his bicycle. He found that he had to apply a lot of
force while pedalling. Why ? What can he do ?Answer:Gaurav had to apply more force because
there was more friction between the parts of the bicycle. He should apply oil to the parts to
reduce the friction.
sound
1 Mark Questions and Answers
Question 1.Choose the correct answer. Sound can travel through
Gases only
Solids only
Liquids only
Solids, liquids and gases.
Answer:Solids, liquids and gases.
Question 2.Voice of which of the following is likely to have minimum frequency ? [NCERT]
Baby girl
Baby boy
A man
A woman
Answer:Aman
Question 3.Identify the part which vibrates to produce sound in the following instruments.
[NCERT]
Dholak
Sitar
Flute
Answer:
Dholak – stretched membrane
Sitar – stretched string
Flute – air column
Question 4.In the following statements, tick ‘T’ against those which are true and ‘F’ against
those which are false. [NCERT]
1. Sound cannot travel in vacuum. (T/F)
2. The number of oscillations per second of a vibrating object is called its time period. (T/F)
3. If the amplitude of vibration is large, sound is feeble. (T/F)
4. For human ears, the audible range is 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. (T/F)
5. The lower the frequency of vibration, the higher is the pitch. (T/F)
6. Unwanted or unpleasant sound is termed as music. (T/F)
7. Noise pollution may cause partial hearing impairment. (T/F)
Answer:
1. T
2. F
3. F
4. T
5. F
6. F
7. T
Question 5.Fill in the blanks with suitable words. [NCERT]
1. Time taken by an object to complete one oscillation is called …………
2. Loudness is determined by the ………….. of vibration.
3. The unit of frequency is ……………
4. Unwanted sound is called …………….
5. Shrillness of a sound is determined by the …………….. of vibration.
Answer:
1. time period
 2. amplitude
3. Hertz
4. noise
5. frequency
Question 6.Define vibration.Answer:Vibration is the to and fro or back and forth motion of an
object.
Question 7.Which part of the human body is responsible for producing sound ? [NCT
2011]Answer:In humans, the sound is produced by the voice box or larynx
Question 8.What is the length of vocal cords in men ?Answer:The vocal cords in men are about
20 mm long.
Question 9.Can sound travel in vacuum ?Answer:No, sound cannot travel in vacuum.
Question 10.What is meant by oscillatory motion ?Answer:The to and fro motion of an object is
known as oscillatory motion.
Question 11.Define frequency.Answer:The number of oscillations per second is called the
frequency of oscillation.
Question 12.Define 1 hertz.Answer:A frequency of 1 hertz means one oscillation per second.
Question 13.How are frequency of a sound and pitch related ?Answer:If the frequency of
vibration is higher then the sound has a higher pitch.
Question 14.Whose voice has a higher frequency – man or woman ?Answer:The voice of woman
has higher frequency.
Question 15.What is range of audible sound ?Answer:Sound of frequency 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz is
the audible range.
Question 16.Which animal can hear sounds of frequencies higher than 20,000 Hz ?Answer:Dogs
can hear frequencies higher than 20,000 Hz.
Question 17.What is meant by base loudness level ?Answer:The base loudness level is defined as
that loudness of sound that the human ear can just perceive.
Question 18.What is meant by noise pollution ?Answer:Presence of excessive or unwanted
sound in the atmosphere is called noise pollutipn.
Question 19.If the frequency of a sound is below 20 Hz, will it be audible to human beings ?
Answer:No, it will not be audible.
Question 20.In which state of matter does sound travel the
slowest
fastest ?
Answer:
Air.
Solids.
Question 21.What happens to sound when it strikes a surface ?Answer:Sound gets reflected on
striking a surface.
Question 22.Why do we hear the sound of the hom of an approaching car before the car reaches
us ?Answer:This happens because the speed of sound is much greater than the speed of the
car.
2 Mark Mark Questions and Answers
Question 1.The sound from a mosquito is produced when it vibrates its wings at an average rate
of 500 vibrations per second. What is the time period of the vibration ? [NCERT]Answer:Time
taken for 500 vibrations = 1 secondTime taken for 1 vibration = 1/500 second.∴ Time period =
1/500 second.
Question 2.How do plants help in reducing noise pollution ?Answer:Plants absorb sound and so
help us in minimizing noise pollution.
Question 3.How can we control the sources of noise pollution ?Answer:We can control noise
pollution by designing and installing silencing devices in machines.
Question 4.How can a hearing impaired child communicate ?Answer:A hearing impaired child
can communicate effectively by using sign language.
Question 5.If the amplitude increases 3 times, by how much will the loudness increase ?
Answer:If the amplitude increases three times, the loudness will increase by a factor of 9.
Question 6.The frequency of a given sound is 1.5 kHz. How many vibrations is it completing in
one second ?Answer:Frequency = No.of vibrations/time∴ No. of vibrations = Frequency x time =
1.5 x 1000 x 1 = 1500 vibrations
Question 7.Which characteristic of a vibrating body determines
1. loudness
2. pitch of the sound produced by it ?
Answer:
1. Amplitude.
2. Frequency.
Question 8.Why do we not hear echoes in our ordinary surroundings ?Answer:We do not hear
echoes in our ordinary surroundings because the distance to hear echo should be more than 17
m.
Question 9.We cannot hear the sound of the exploding meteors in the sky, though we can see
them. Why ?Answer:Sound cannot travel through vacuum. In space there is vacuum. Light can
travel through vacuum, so we can see the exploding meteor but cannot hear the explosion.
Question 10.We can hear the supersonic jet planes flying. How ?Answer:The supersonic jet
planes fly in the air. Since sound can travel through air, we can hear then flying.
Question 11.What are vocal cords ? What is their function ? [NCT 2011]Answer:The larynx has a
pair of membranes known as vocal cords stretched across their length. The vocal cords vibrate
and produce sound.
Question 12.When does a thud become music ?Answer:When thuds are repeated at’regular
intervals, it becomes music, e.g., beating of drums or wood.
Question 13.How do birds and insects produce sound ?Answer:Birds chirp with the help syrinx in
their wind pipe. Insects produce sound by flapping their wings.
Question 14.What is the function of eusfachian tube in human ear ?Answer:The vibrations of the
spoken words reach our ears through eustachian tubes.
Question 15.
1. In our body which part of the ear receives sound waves ?
2. What may happen if the eardrum is absent from our ear ?
Answer:
1. Pinna helps in receiving sound waves.
2. If the eardrum is absent we would not be able to hear.
Question 16.Can a hearing impaired child speak ? If not why ?Answer:A child having hearing
impairment can not speak because if he is able to hear, he will leam to speak.
Question 17.Give an example each of:
1. stringed instrument
2. percussion instrument
3. wind instrument
4. striking instrument
Answer:
1. Violin
2. Drums
3. Flute
4. Jal Tarang
Question 18.Can sound travel through water ? How do whales communicate under water ?
Answer:Yes, sound can travel through water. Since sound can travel through water, the whales
can communicate with each other.
Question 19.How is the pressure variation in a sound wave amplified in human ear ?Answer:The
pressure variation in a sound wave causes vibrations in the eardrum. These vibrations are
amplified several times by the three bones. (The hammer, anvil and stirrup).
Question 20.How is that you can hear a friend talking in another room without seeing him ?
Answer:Sound can travel in all directions and around comers. Light cannot travel around
comers. Therefore, we can hear a friend talking in another room but cannot see him.
3 Mark Questions and Answers
Question 1.List sources of noise pollution in your surroundings. [NCERT]Answer:The major
sources of noise pollution are sounds of vehicles, explosions, machines, loudspeakers.
Question 2.What are the effects of noise pollution ?Answer:Due to noise pollution a person may
suffer from lack of sleep, hypertension and anxiety. If a person is exposed to noise continuously
he may get temporary or permanent deafness.
Question 3.How can the noise pollution be controlled in residential area ?Answer:
1. The noisy operations must be conducted away from residential areas.
2. Noise producing industries should be set away from such areas.
3. Use of automobile horns be minimized.
4. TV and music systems should be run at lower volumes.
Question 4.A pendulum oscillates 40 times in 4 seconds. Find its time period and frequency.
[NCT 2011, NCERT]Answer:40 vibrations in 4 seconds.10 vibrations in 1 secondFrequency =10
vibrations/sec. or 10 Hz.∴ Time period = 1/10 sec.
Question 5.Your parents are going to buy a house. They have been offered one on the roadside
and another three lanes away from the roadside. Which house would you suggest your parents
should buy ? Explain your answer. [NCERT]Answer:I would advise my parents to buy the house
three lanes away from the roadside because there the noise from automobiles would be much
less.
Question 6.What happens when we pluck the strings of a sitar ?Answer:When we pluck the
strings of a sitar, the whole instrument vibrates and the sound is heard.
Question 7.Why is the voice of men, women and children different ?Answer:The voice of men,
women and children are different because the length of vocal cords are different. The length of
vocal cords is longest in men and shortest in children.
Question 8.How are we able to hear sound ?Answer:The eardrum is like a stretched rubber
sheet. Sound vibrations make the eardrum vibrate. The eardrum sends vibrations to the inner
ear. From there, the signal goes to the brain and we are able to hear.
Question 9.What sources in the home may lead to noise ?Answer:Television and transistor at
high volumes, some kitchen appliances, desert coolers, air conditioners all contribute to noise
pollution.
Question 10.What is the-difference between noise and music ? Can music become noise
sometimes,?Answer:Unpleasant sounds are called noise.Music is a sound which produces a
pleasing sensation.If the music is too loud, it becomes noise.
Question 11.Draw a labelled diagram showing the structure of the human ear.Answer:
Question 12.What is the function of:
1. External ear.
2. Internal ear.
Answer:
1. The external ear helps us in receiving the sound waves and directing them to the eardrum.
2. The internal ear has cochlea which is filled with a fluid and having tiny hair cells inside. The
hairy cells change the sound vibrations into nerve impulse which travels to the brain.The
internal ear also helps us in balancing the body.
Question 13.Give some suggestions by which we can keep our ears healthy.Answer:
1. Never insert any pointed object into the ear. Tt can damage the eardrum and make a person
deaf.
2. Never shout loudly in someone’s ear.
3. Never hit anyone hard on their ear.
Question 14.Can you hear the sound on the moon ? Explain.Answer:We cannot hear the sound
on the moon because sound requires a material medium to travel. On the moon there is no
atmosphere and sound cannot travel in vacuum.
Question 15.What are ultrasounds ? How are they useful to us?Answer:Sound having frequency
higher than 20kHz is known as ultrasound, is used for
detecting finer faults in metal sheets.
scanning and imaging the body for stones, tumour and foetus.