Exercises

LEVEL 1
Assertion and Reason
Directions : Choose the correct option.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
(d) If Assertion is false but the Reason is true.
1. Assertion : In x = A cos ω t, x is the displacement measured from extreme position.
Reason : In the above equation x = A at time t = 0.
2. Assertion : A particle is under SHM along the x-axis. Its mean position is x = 2, amplitude is
A = 2 and angular frequency ω. At t = 0, particle is at origin, then x-co-ordinate versus time
equation of the particle will be x = − 2 cos ω t + 2.
Reason : At t = 0, particle is at rest.
3. Assertion : A spring block system is kept over a smooth surface as shown in figure. If a
constant horizontal force F is applied on the block it will start oscillating simple harmonically.
k F
m

m
Reason : Time period of oscillation is less than 2π .
k
3A
4. Assertion : Time taken by a particle in SHM to move from x = A to x = is same as the time
2
3A A
taken by the particle to move from x = to x = .
2 2
Reason : Corresponding angles rotated in the reference circle are same in the given time
intervals.
5. Assertion : Path of a particle in SHM is always a straight line.
Reason : All straight line motions are not simple harmonic.
6. Assertion : In spring block system if length of spring and mass of block both are halved, then
angular frequency of oscillations will remain unchanged.
k
Reason : Angular frequency is given by ω =
m
7. Assertion : All small oscillations are simple harmonic in nature.
Reason : Oscillations of spring block system are always simple harmonic whether amplitude is
small or large.
 Chapter 14 Simple Harmonic Motion — 349

8. Assertion : In x = A cos ω t, the dot product of acceleration and velocity is positive for time
π
interval 0 < t < .
2ω
Reason : Angle between them is 0°.
9. Assertion : For a given simple harmonic motion displacement (from the mean position) and
acceleration have a constant ratio.
displacement
Reason : T = 2π
acceleration
10. Assertion : We can call circular motion also as simple harmonic motion.
Reason : Angular velocity in uniform circular motion and angular frequency in simple
harmonic motion have the same meanings.

Objective Questions
Single Correct Option
1. A simple harmonic oscillation has an amplitude A and time period T . The time required to
A
travel from x = A to x = is
2
T T T T
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6 4 3 12
2. The potential energy of a particle executing SHM varies sinusoidally with frequency f. The
frequency of oscillation of the particle will be
f f
(a) (b) (c) f (d) 2 f
2 2
3. For a particle undergoing simple harmonic motion, the velocity is plotted against displacement.
The curve will be
(a) a straight line (b) a parabola
(c) a circle (d) an ellipse
4. A simple pendulum is made of bob which is a hollow sphere full of sand suspended by means of a
wire. If all the sand is drained out, the period of the pendulum will
(a) increase (b) decrease
(c) remain same (d) become erratic
 π    2π  
5. Two simple harmonic motions are given by y1 = a sin   t + φ and y2 = b sin   t+ φ. The
 2    3  
phase difference between these after 1 s is
(a) zero (b) π /2
(c) π /4 (d) π /6
6. A particle starts performing simple harmonic motion. Its amplitude is A. At one time its speed
is half that of the maximum speed. At this moment the displacement is
2A 3A
(a) (b)
3 2
2A 3A
(c) (d)
3 2
350 — Mechanics - II

7. Which of the following is not simple harmonic function?

(a) y = a sin 2ω t + b cos 2 ω t (b) y = a sin ω t + b cos 2ω t
(c) y = 1 − 2 sin 2 ω t (d) y = ( a 2 + b2 ) sin ω t cos ω t

8. The displacement of a particle varies according to the relation y = 4 (cos πt + sin πt ). The
amplitude of the particle is
(a) 8 units (b) 2 units (c) 4 units (d) 4 2 units
9. Two pendulums X and Y of time periods 4 s and 4.2 s are made to vibrate simultaneously. They
are initially in same phase. After how many vibrations of X, they will be in the same phase
again?
(a) 30 (b) 25
(c) 21 (d) 26
10. A mass M is suspended from a massless spring. An additional mass m stretches the spring
further by a distance x. The combined mass will oscillate with a period
 (M + m) x   mg 
(a) 2π   (b) 2π  
 mg   (M + m ) x 
 (M + m)  π  mg 
(c) 2π   (d)  
 mgx  2  (M + m) x 
11. Two bodies P and Q of equal masses are suspended from two separate massless springs of force
constants k1 and k2 respectively. If the two bodies oscillate vertically such that their maximum
velocities are equal. The ratio of the amplitude of P to that of Q is
k1 k1
(a) (b)
k2 k2
k2 k2
(c) (d)
k1 k1

12. A disc of radius R is pivoted at its rim. The period for small oscillations about an axis
perpendicular to the plane of disc is
R 2R
(a) 2π (b) 2π
g g
2R 3R
(c) 2π (d) 2π
3g 2g

13. Identify the correct variation of potential energy U as a function of displacement x from mean
position (or x 2 ) of a harmonic oscillator (U at mean position = 0)
U U

(a) (b)
x
O
O x2
U

(c) x2 (d) None of these

 Chapter 14 Simple Harmonic Motion — 351

14. If the length of a simple pendulum is equal to the radius of the earth, its time period will be
(a) 2π R / g (b) 2π R /2 g
(c) 2π 2R / g (d) infinite
15. The displacement-time ( x -t ) graph of a particle executing simple harmonic motion is shown in
figure. The correct variation of net force F acting on the particle as a function of time is
x

+A

O Time

–A

F F

(a) (b)
t t

F
F

(c) (d)
t
t

16. In the figure shown the time period and the amplitude respectively, when m is left from rest
when spring is relaxed are (the inclined plane is smooth)

k
Fixed

m mg sin θ m sin θ 2 mg sin θ

(a) 2π , (b) 2π ,
k k k k
m mg cos θ
(c) 2π , (d) None of these
k k
d 2x
17. The equation of motion of a particle of mass 1 g is + π 2x = 0, where x is displacement (in m)
dt 2
from mean position. The frequency of oscillation is (in Hz)
(a) 1/2 (b) 2 (c) 5 10 (d) 1 /5 10
352 — Mechanics - II

18. The spring as shown in figure is kept in a stretched position with extension x when the system
is released. Assuming the horizontal surface to be frictionless, the frequency of oscillation is
m M
k

1  k (M + m)  1  mM 
(a) (b)  k (M + m) 
 Mm 
2π 2π  
1  kM  1  km 
(c) m + M  (d) M + m
2π   2π  
19. The mass and diameter of a planet are twice those of earth. What will be the period of
oscillation of a pendulum on this planet. It is a second’s pendulum on earth?
1 1
(a) 2s (b) 2 2 s (c) s (d) s
2 2 2
20. The resultant amplitude due to superposition of three simple harmonic motions x1 = 3 sin ω t,
x2 = 5 sin (ω t + 37° ) and x3 = − 15 cos ω t is
(a) 18 (b) 10 (c) 12 (d) None of these
21. Two SHMs s1 = a sin ω t and s2 = b sin ω t are superimposed on a particle. The s1 and s2 are
along the directions which makes 37° to each other
(a) the particle will perform SHM
(b) the path of particle is straight line
(c) Both (a) and (b) are correct
(d) Both (a) and (b) are wrong
22. The amplitude of a particle executing SHM about O is 10 cm. Then
(a) when the KE is 0.64 times of its maximum KE, its displacement is 6 cm from O
(b) its speed is half the maximum speed when its displacement is half the maximum displacement
(c) Both (a) and (b) are correct
(d) Both (a) and (b) are wrong
23. A particle is attached to a vertical spring and is pulled down a distance 4 cm below its
equilibrium and is released from rest. The initial upward acceleration is 0.5 ms−2. The angular
frequency of oscillation is
(a) 3.53 rad /s (b) 0.28 rad /s
(c) 1.25 rad /s (d) 0.08 rad /s
24. A block of mass 1 kg is kept on smooth floor of a truck. One end of a spring of force constant
100 N/m is attached to the block and other end is attached to the body of truck as shown in the
figure. At t = 0, truck begins to move with constant acceleration 2 m/s 2. The amplitude of
oscillation of block relative to the floor of truck is
M a0
k

(a) 0.06 m (b) 0.02 m (c) 0.04 m (d) 0.03 m

 Answers
Introductory Exercise 14.1
1 15
1. π 2. , 3. (a) 15.0 cm (b) 0.726 s (c) 1.38 Hz (d) 1.69 J (e) 1.30 m/s
16 16
4. 0.101 m/s, 1.264 m/s 2 , 0.632 N 5. No

Introductory Exercise 14.2

π
1. (a) 1.39 J (b) 1.1 s 2. ± 0.58 m/s, − 0.45 ms 2 , ± 0.60 m/s, zero 3.
6
4. (a) 0.08 m (b) 1.57 rad/s (c) 1.97 N/m (d) Zero (e) 0.197 m/s 2
π π π
5. (a) sec (b) sec (c) sec 6. See the hints.
120 30 30

Introductory Exercise 14.3

π
1.   sec
16 3
2. 3.2 kg 3. 1 sec 4. p 5. 6. 11 % 7.
 2 9 2π

Introductory Exercise 14.4

1. (a) 7.0 cm (b) 6.1 cm (c) 5.0 cm (d) 1.0 cm
2π
2. (a) 2.6 unit (b) 1917unit (c) 6.0 × 10 5 unit 3. 2 A 4.
3

Exercises
LEVEL 1
Assertion and Reason
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (d)

Objective Questions
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (c) 12. (d) 13 (c) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (d)
21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (a) 24. (b)

Subjective Questions
m
1. T = 2 π 2. 0.314 s 3. 0.78 s 4. The clock will lose 10.37s 5. (a) 2.8 N/m (b) 0.84 s
k
 10  π π
11. y = (0.1 m) sin  (4s−1)t + 
m
7. T = 2 π 8.  T 9. 6.0 N/m 10. 10.0 cm, rad
k  9  6  4 
12. (a) 1 rad/s (b) Umean = 10 J, Kmean = 16 J, Uextreme = 26 J, K extreme = 0 (c) 4 m (d) x = 6 m and x = − 2 m
13. 4 s 14. 1.8 s
l  v2 
15. 2 π and inclined to the vertical at an angle θ = tan−1   away from the centre
2 1/2  rg 
 2  v 2  
g +   
 r 
 
π
20. θ =  rad cos [(40 πs −1)t ]
g 1 k ma
16. 1.4 × 10 −3 s 17. (a) 0.28 s (b) 0.4% 18. 19.(a) (b)
2r 2π m k  10 