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C++ Operators

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24 views6 pages

C++ Operators

Uploaded by

wiidekingstone
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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C++ Operators

An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical
manipulations.
The four basic types of operators in C++:
i). Arithmetic operators,
ii). Assignment operators,
iii). Relational operators,
iv). Logical operators

I. Arithmetic Operators
Assume variable A has value of 10 and variable B has a value of 20, then

Operator Description Example


+ Adds two operands A + B will give 30
- Subtracts second operand from the first A - B will give -10
* Multiplies both operands A * B will give 200
/ Divides numerator by de-numerator B / A will give 2
% Modulus Operator gives the remainder after an B % A will give 0
integer division
++ Increment operator, increases integer value by A++ will give 11
one
-- Decrement operator, decreases integer value by A-- will give 9
one

Task, using declared and initialized variables


a) Write a C++ program that will add two numbers and store the results on variable
named result and print out the result.

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b) Write a C++ program that will subtract one number from the other number and print
out the answer.
c) Write a C++ program that will multiply two number and print out the answer.
d) Write a C++ program that will divide two number and print out the answer.
e) Write a C++ program that will print out the remainder when two integer numbers
are divided.
f) Write a C++ program that increase the value of an integer number by one and print
out the final value.
g) Write a C++ program that decrease the value of an integer number by one and print
out the final value.

II. Assignment operators

Operator Description Example


= Simple assignment operator, assigns values from C = 30; will assign value of
right side operands to left side operand 30 into variable C
+= Add AND assignment operator, it adds right X += 30; is equivalent to
operand to the left operand and assign the result X = X + 30;
to left operand
-= Subtract AND assignment operator, it subtracts A -= 30; is equivalent to
right operand from the left operand and assign A = A – 30;
the result to left operand
*= Multiply AND assignment operator, it multiplies B *= 20; is equivalent to
right operand with the left operand and assign B = B * 20;
the result to left operand
/= Divide AND assignment operator, it divides left B /= 20; is equivalent to
operand with the right operand and assign the B = B / 20;
result to left operand
%= Modulus AND assignment operator, it takes D %= 10; is equivalent to
modulus using two operands and assign the D = D % 10;
result to left operand

Task, using declared and initialized variables


a) Write a C++ program that will add 10 to an integer variable and store the answer on
that variable

2
b) Write a C++ program that will divide a variable by 5 and store the answer on that
variable
c) Write a C++ program that will get the remainder of an integer variable divided by 7
and store the answer on the same variable

III. Relational Operators


Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then:

Operator Description Example


== Checks if the values of two operands are equal or A == B is false
not, if yes then condition becomes true, else
becomes false
!= Checks if the values of two operands are equal or A != B is true.
not, if values are not equal then condition
becomes true, else becomes false
> Checks if the value of left operand is greater than A > B is false
the value of right operand, if yes then condition
becomes true, else becomes false
< Checks if the value of left operand is less than the A < B is true.
value of right operand, if yes then condition
becomes true, else becomes false
>= Checks if the value of left operand is greater than A >= B is false
or equal to the value of right operand, if yes then
condition becomes true, else becomes false
<= Checks if the value of left operand is less than or A <= B is true
equal to the value of right operand, if yes then
condition becomes true, else becomes false

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Task, using declared and initialized variables
a) Write a C++ program that will compare two integer variables named x and y if they
are equal or not and store the test results on variable named areEqual

b) Write a C++ program that will compare two integer variables named x and y by
checking if x is greater than y, and store the results on variable named isGreater

c) Write a C++ program that will compare two integer variables named x and y by
checking if x is less than y, and store the results on variable named isLess
d) Write a C++ program that will compare two integer variables named x and y by
checking if x is greater than or equal to y, and store the results on variable named
isGreaterOrEqual
e) Write a C++ program that will compare two integer variables named x and y by
checking if x is less than or equal to y, and store the results on variable named
isLessOrEqual

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IV. Logical Operators
Assume variable A holds 1 and variable B holds 0, as of true and false

Operator Description Example


&& Called Logical AND operator. If both the A && B is false
operands are non-zero, then condition becomes
true, else becomes false
|| Called Logical OR Operator. If any of the two A || B is true.
operands is non-zero, then condition becomes
true, else becomes false
! Called Logical NOT Operator. Use to reverses the ! (A && B) is true
logical state of its operand. If a condition is true,
then Logical NOT operator will make false.

Task, using declared and initialized variables


a) Write a C++ program that will perform logical AND on two variables named x and y
and store the test results on variable named andResults

b) Write a C++ program that will perform logical OR on two variables named x and y
and store the test results on variable named orResults
c) Write a C++ program that will perform logical NOT on a variable named x and store
the test results on variable named notResults

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Other classification of operators
Basing on a number of operands.
➢ Unary operators - Operators that operate on single operand,
Example: – minus sign, ! Logical NOT, ++ increment, -- decrement
➢ Binary operators - Operators operate on two operands
Example: + addition, - subtraction, / division, % modulus, * multiplication
➢ Ternary or conditional operators - The conditional operators ? and : are called
ternary operators since they take 3 arguments. Note that ternary operator takes 3
operands for its implementation.
Example:

What this expression says is: “if expression 1 is true, then the value returned will be
expression 2, otherwise the value returned will be expression 3”.
Another example:
X > 10 ? “Yes”: “No”;

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