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    Analysis of Oils: Determination of Acid Value

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    Analysis of Oils: Determination of Acid Value

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    Mani Chemist
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    Sop

    Original Title

    C-05

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    Copyright:

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    Analysis of Oils: Determination of Acid Value

    Uploaded by

    Mani Chemist
    Sop

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Analysis of oils: Determination of acid value

    Item Type book_section

    Authors Low, Lai Kim; Ng, Cher Siang

    Publisher Marine Fisheries Research Department, Southeast Asian


    Fisheries Development Center

    Download date 26/09/2024 05:46:25

    Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/41018


    DETERMINATION OF ACID VALUE
    LOW L. K. & NG C. S.

    INTRODUCTION
    The acid value is a measure of the extent to which the glycerides in the oil have been
    hydrolysed by lipase action. The glycerides are also hydrolysed with water in the presence of air
    and possibly bacteria. The decomposition is accelerated by heat and light.

    As rancidity is usually accompanied by free fatty acid formation, determination of acid


    value is often used as a general indication of the condition and edibility of oils.

    The acid value is the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize
    the free fatty acids in 1.0 g of fat or oil.

    I APPARATUS
    Microburette (2 ml with 0.01 ml intervals)
    Conical flasks (100 ml)
    5 ml pipettes

    II REAGENTS

    a) 0.02N KOH in ethyl alcohol


    Weigh 5.6 g of potassium hydroxide, dissolve in distilled water and make up to 100 ml with
    distilled water (1N solution). Dilute 50 times with ethyl alcohol when required.

    b) n-Hexane

    c) 1% phenolphthalein or thymolphthalein in ethyl alcohol


    Dissolve 1 g of either indicator in 100 ml of ethyl alcohol.

    C-5.1
    III PROCEDURE
    1. Take 0.1 -0.3 g of fat sample or A ml of the extract containing 0.1 -0.3 g of fat in a 100 ml
    Erlenmeyer flask.

    2. Add [10 — A] ml of n-Hexane and 1-2 drops of indicator.

    3. Titrate the solution against 0.02N KOH solution. The end point is reached when pink
    (phenolphthalein) or blue (thymolphthalein) colour persists for 30 seconds.

    4. Carry out a blank test using A ml of C-M Mixture instead of the extract.

    IV CALCULATION
    56.11 x 0.02 x (Vs — V b) x F
    Acid value (mg/g) =
    W

    where Vs = titration volume of sample (ml);


    Vb = titration volume of blank (ml);
    W = weight of fat in the volume of extract usd (g);
    F = factor of 0.02 KOH solution, where
    5
    F = : Vf is the volume of 0.02N KOH required to neutralize 5 ml of the
    Vf 0.02N H2SO 4 solution.
    56.11 = Molecular weight of KOH
    0.02 = Concentration of KOH

    C- 5.2

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