Vector Algebra M-459

25
Vector Algebra
5. If the volume of parallelopiped formed by the vectors
Algebra of Vectors, Section Formula, $i + l $j + k$ , $j + l k$ and l$i + k$ is minimum, then l is equal
Linear Dependence & Independence
of Vectors, Position Vector of a Point, to : [April 12, 2019 (I)]
TOPIC Ć Modulus of a Vector, Collinearity of
Three points, Coplanarity of Three 1 1
Vectors & Four Points, Vector (a) - (b) (c) 3 (d) - 3
3 3
Inequality
r
6. Let a Î R and the three vectors a = ai$ + $j + 3k$ ,
1. Let a, b, c Î R be such that a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 1. If r r
b = 2$i + $j - a k$ an d c = a$i - 2 $j + 3k$ . Then the set
æ 2p ö æ 4p ö p r
a cos q - b cos ç q + ÷ = c cos ç q + ÷ , where q = , r r
è 3 ø è 3 ø 9 S = (a : a, b and c are coplanar) [April 12, 2019 (II)]
then the angle between the vectors ai + bj + ck and
   (a) is singleton
(b) is empty
bi + cj + ak is : [Sep. 03, 2020 (II)]
(c) contains exactly two positive numbers
p 2p p
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0 (d) contains exactly two numbers only one of which is
2 3 9
positive
2. Let the position vectors of points 'A' and 'B' be i + j + k r
7. If a unit vector a makes angles p 3 with i$, p 4 with $j
and 2i + j + 3k, respectively. A point 'P' divides the line
segment AB internally in the ratio l :1 (l > 0) . If O is the and q Î (0, p) with k$ , then a value of  is:
uuur uuur uuur uuur [April 09, 2019 (II)]
region and OB × OP - 3 | OA ´ OP |2 = 6, then l is equal to
5p p 5p 2p
___________. [NA Sep. 02, 2020 (II)] (a) (b) (c) (d)
ur r 6 4 12 3
3. If the vectors, p = (a + 1)i + aj + ak, q = ai + (a +1) j + ak 8. The sum of the distinct real values of m, for which the
r
and r = ai + aj + (a + 1)k (a Î R) are coplanar and vectors, m i + j + k, i + m j + k, i + j + m k, are co-planar,
ur r r r
3( p . q) 2 - l | r ´ q |2 = 0, then the value of l is _____. is : [Jan. 12, 2019 (I)]
[NA Jan. 9, 2020 (I)] (a) –1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2
r r
r r
4. Let a = 3$i + 2 $j + 2k$ and b = $i + 2 $j - 2k$ be two vectors. If 9. Let a = i + 2 j + 4k, b = i + l j + 4k and
r r r r r
a vector perpendicular to both the vectors a + b and a - b ( )
c = 2i + 4 j + l 2 - 1 k be coplanar vectors. Then the
has the magnitude 12 then one such vector is : r r
[April 12, 2019 (I)] non- ero vector a ´ c is : [Jan. 11, 2019 (I)]

(
(a) 4 2$i + 2 $j + 2k$ ) (
(b) 4 2$i - 2 $j - k$ ) (a) –10i - 5 j (b) –14i - 5 j

(c) 4 ( 2$i + 2 $j - k$ ) (d) 4 ( -2$i - 2 $j + k$ ) (c) –14i + 5 j (d) –10i + 5 j

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 EBD_8344
M-460 Mathematics
r r r
10. Let 3i + j, i + 3 j and bi + (1 - b ) j respectively be the 17. Let a, b, c be three non- ero vectors which are pairwise
r r r r r
position vectors of the points A, B and C with respect to non-collinear. If a + 3b is collinear with c and b + 2c is
the origin O. If the distance of C from the bisector of the r r r r
collinear with a , then a + 3b + 6c is : [2011RS]
3 r r r r r
acute angle between OA and OB is , then the sum of (a) a (b) c (c) 0 (d) a + c
2
all possible values of b is : [Jan. 11, 2019 (II)] 18. If the pi$ + $j + k$ , $i + q $j + k$ and i + j + rk ( p ¹ q ¹ r ¹ 1)
(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 1 vector are coplanar, then the value of pqr - ( p + q + r ) is
ur r r r r r
11. Let a = (l - 2) a + b and b = (4l - 2) a + 3b be two [2011RS]
r r (a) 2 (b) 0 (c) – 1 (d) – 2
given vectors where vectors a and b are non-collinear..
ur r r
19. The vector a = a i + 2 j + bk lies in the plane of the
The value of l for which vectors a and b are collinear, is:
r r
[Jan. 10, 2019 (II)] vectors b = i + j and c = j + k and bisects the angle
(a) – 4 (b) – 3 (c) 4 (d) 3 r
r between b and cr . Then which one of the following gives
12. Let u be a vector coplanar with the vectors
r r r r possible values of a and b? [2008]
a = 2i + 3 - k and b =  + k . If u is perpendicular to a (a) a = 2, b = 2 (b) a = 1, b = 2
r r r (c) a = 2, b = 1 (d) a = 1, b = 1
and u × b - 24 , then | u |2 is equal to : [2018]
20. ABC is a triangle, right angled at A. The resultant of the
(a) 315 (b) 256 (c) 84 (d) 336
13. Let ABC be a triangle whose circumcentre is at P. If the 1
forces acting along AB, BC with magnitudes and
r r r AB
r r r a +b+c
position vectors A, B, C and P are a, b, c and
4 1
respectively is the force along AD , where D is the
respectively, then the position vector of the orthocentre AC
of this triangle, is : [Online April 10, 2016] foot of the perpendicular from A onto BC. The magnitude
r r r
æ a + b + cö r of the resultant is [2006]
(a) - ç 2 ÷ø (b) ar + b + cr
è
r r r (a) AB 2 + AC 2 (b) ( AB )( AC )
æ a + b + cö r 2 2 AB + AC
(c) ç ( AB) ( AC )
è 2 ÷ø (d) 0
uuur uuur 1 1 1
14. If the vectors AB = 3i + 4k and AC = 5i – 2 j + 4k are (c) + (d)
AB AC AD
the sides of a triangle ABC, then the length of the median
through A is [2013] 21. If C is the mid point of AB and P is any point outside AB,
then [2005]
(a) 18 (b) 72 (c) 33 (d) 45
uuur uuur uuur
r r (a) PA + PB = 2 PC
15. If a and b are non-collinear vectors, then the value of a
r r r uuur uuur uuur
for which the vectors u = (a - 2)a + b and (b) PA + PB = PC
r r r uuur uuur uuur
v = (2 + 3a)a - 3b are collinear is : [Online April 23, 2013] (c) PA + PB + 2 PC = 0
uuur uuur uuur
3 2 3 2 (d) PA + PB + PC = 0
(a) (b) (c) – (d) –
2 3 2 3 22. Let a, b and c be distinct non- negative numbers. If the
® ®
16. If a = i - 2 j + 3k , b = 2i + 3 j - k and vectors ai + aj + ck , i + k and ci + cj + bk lie in a plane,
® ®
c = ri + j + ( 2r - 1) k are three vectors such that c is
then c is [2005]
® ® (a) the Geometric Mean of a and b
parallel to the plane of a and b , then r is equal to
(b) the Arithmetic Mean of a and b
[Online May 19, 2012] (c) equal to ero
(a) 1 (b) – 1 (c) 0 (d) 2
(d) the Harmonic Mean of a and b

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Vector Algebra M-461

r r r r r r r r
23. If a, b , c are non-coplanar vectors and l is a real number,, 30. Let the vectors a, b , c be such that | a |= 2, | b |= 4 and
r r r
then the vectors a + 2b + 3c , lb + 4c and (2l - 1)c are | c |= 4. If the proection of b on a is equal to the
r r r r
non coplanar for [2004] proection of c on a and b is perpendicular to c , then
r r r
(a) no value of l the value of | a + b - c | is _______.
(b) all except one value of l [NA Sep. 05, 2020 (II)]
(c) all except two values of l r r r
31. Let a, b and c be three unit vectors such that
(d) all values of l
r r r r r r r r
r r r | a - b |2 + | a - c |2 = 8. Then | a + 2b |2 + | a + 2c |2 is
24. Let a, b and c be three non- ero vectors such that no two
r r equal to _________. [NA Sep. 02, 2020 (I)]
of these are collinear. If the vector a + 2b is collinear
32. The proection of the line segment oining the points
r
with cr and b + 3cr is collinear with ar (l being some non- (1, –1, 3) and (2, –4, 11) on the line oining the points
r
ero scalar) then ar + 2b + 6cr equals [2004] (–1, 2, 3) and (3, –2, 10) is ______ . [NA Jan. 9, 2020 (I)]
r r r
(a) 0 (b) lb (c) lc (d) la 33. Let the volume of a parallelopiped whose coterminous
r r
25. Consider points A, B, C and D with position vectors edges are given by u = i + j + lk, v = i + j + 3k and
7i - 4 j + 7 k, i - 6 j + 10k , - i - 3 j + 4 k an d 5i - j + 5k r
w = 2i + j + k be 1 cu. unit. If q be the angle between the
respectively. Then ABCD is a [2003] r r
edges u and w , then cos q can be: [Jan. 8, 2020 (I)]
(a) parallelogram but not a rhombus
(b) square 7 7 5 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(c) rhombus 6 6 6 3 7 3 3
(d) rectangle. r
34. A vector a = a i + 2 j + b k (a, b ÎR) lies in the plane of
r r r
a a2 1 + a3 the vectors, b = i + j and c = i – j + 4 k . If a bisects
26. If b b2 1 + b3 = 0 and vectors (1, a, a 2 ), r r
the angle between b and c , then: [Jan. 7, 2020 (I)]
c c2 1 + c3 r r
(a) a · i + 3 = 0 (b) a · i + 1 = 0
r r
(1, b, b2 ) and (1, c, c 2 ) are non- coplanar, then the product (c) a · k + 2 = 0 (d) a · k + 4 = 0
r r
abc equals [2003] 35. Let a = 2 i + l1 j + 3 k,
 b = 4 i + (3 - l ) j + 6 k and
2
(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) –1 (d) 1 r
c = 3i + 6 j + (l3 - 1) k be three vectors such that
27. The vectors AB = 3i + 4 k & AC = 5i - 2 j + 4k are the r r r r
b = 2a and a is perpendicular to c Then a possible
sides of a triangle ABC. The length of the median through
A is [2003] value of (l1, l2, l3) is: [Jan. 10, 2019 (I)]
æ 1 ö
(a) 288 (b) 18 (c) 72 (d) 33 (a) (1, 3, 1) (b) ç - , 4, 0 ÷
è 2 ø
Scalar or Dot Product of two Vectors, æ1 ö
TOPIC n Projection of a Vector Along any (c) ç , 4, - 2 ÷ (d) (1, 5, 1)
è2 ø
other Vector, Component of a Vector
r r
36. Let a = i + j + 2 k, b = b1 i + b 2 j + 2k
® ®
r
28. If a and b are unit vectors, then the greatest value of and c = 5i + j + 2k be three vectors such that the
® ® ® ® r r r
3 | a + b | + | a - b | is ______. [NA Sep. 06, 2020 (I)] proection vector of b on a is a .
r r r
® ® If ar + b is perpendicular to c , then | b | is equal to:
29. If® x ®and ®y be two non- ero vectors such that
® ® ® [Jan. 09, 2019 (II)]
| x + y | = | x | and 2 x + l y is perpendicular to y , then
the value of l is ______. [NA Sep. 06, 2020 (II)] (a) 32 (b) 6 (c) 22 (d) 4

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 EBD_8344
M-462 Mathematics
rr r r
r 3 ( p.q ) r
37. In a triangle ABC, right angled at the vertex A, if the position
vectors of A, B and C are respectively
r
(a) r = 3q - r r p
( p .q )
(b) rr = -qr + r r pr
( p.p ) ( p . p)
3i +  - k,
 -i + 3 + pk and 5i + q - 4k , then the point (p,
r r r r
r r (p.q) r r r 3 (p.q) r
q) lies on a line : [Online April 9, 2016] (c) r = q - r r p (d) r = -3q - r r p
(a) making an obtuse angle with the positive direction of
(p.p) (p .p)
r r
x–axis 44. Let a and b be two unit vectors. If the vector s
(b) parallel to x–axis r r
c = aˆ + 2 bˆ and d = 5 aˆ - 4bˆ are perpendicular to each other,,
(c) parallel to y–axis
(d) making an acute angle with the positive direction of then the angle between â and b̂ is : [2012]
x–axis p p p p
uuur uuur (a) (b) (c) (d)
38. In a parallelogram ABD, AB = a, AD = b and 6 2 3 4
uuur uuur uuur ® ® ®
AC = c, then DA. AB has the value : 45. If a + b + c = 0, a = 3 , b = 5 and c = 7 , then the
[Online April 11, 2015]
® ®
1 2 1 angle between a and b is [Online May 19, 2012]
(a) (a + b2 + c2) (b) (a2 – b2 + c2)
2 2 p p p p
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1 2 1 2 3 4 6 2
(c) (a + b2 – c2) (d) (b + c2 – a2)
2 3 46. A unit vector which is perpendicular to the vector
39.  y and  are three unit vectors in three-dimensional
If x,
2i - j + 2k and is coplanar with the vectors i + j - k and
space, then the minimum value of
2 2
x + y + y +  +  + x
2
[Online April 12, 2014] 2i + 2 j - k is [Online May 12, 2012]

3 2 j + k 3i + 2 j - 2 k
(a) (b) 3 (c) 3 3 (d) 6 (a) (b)
2 5 17
® ® ® ® ® ®
40. If a = 2, b = 3 and 2 a - b = 5 , then 2 a + b equals: 3i + 2 j + 2k 2i + 2 j - 2k
(c) (d)
[Online April 9, 2014] 17 3
(a) 17 (b) 7 (c) 5 (d) 1
47. ABCD is parallelogram. The position vectors of A and C
r
41. If a$ , b$ and c$ are unit vectors satisfying a$ - 3 b$ + c$ = 0 ,
are respectively, 3i + 3 j + 5k and i - 5 j - 5k . If M is the
then the angle between the vectors a$ and c$ is : midpoint of the diagonal DB, then the magnitude of the
[Online April 22, 2013] ® ®
p p p p proection of OM on OC , where O is the origin, is
(a) (b) (c) (d) [Online May 7, 2012]
4 3 6 2
r r r
42. Let a = 2$i - $j + k$ , b = $i + 2 $j - k$ and c = $i + $j - 2k$ be three (a) 7 51 (b)
7
(c) 7 50 (d)
7
r r 50 51
vectors. A vector of the type b + lc for some scalar l,
r r
48. If the vectors a = i - j + 2k , b = 2i + 4 j + k% and
r 2
whose proection on a is of magnitude is : r
3 c = li + j + m k are mutually orthogonal, then (l, m) =
[Online April 9, 2013] (a) (2, –3) (b) (–2, 3) [2010]
(c) (3, –2) (d) (–3, 2)
(a) 2i + j + 5k (b) 2i + 3 j - 3k r r r r
r
49. The non- ero vectors are a , b and c are related by a = 8b
(c) 2i - j + 5k (d) 2i + 3 j + 3k r r
uuur r uuuur r and c = –7b . Then the angle between ar and cr is
43. Let ABCD be a parallelogram such that AB = q , AD = p [2008]
r
and ÐBAD be an acute angle. If r is the vector that p p
coincide with the altitude directed from the vertex B to the (a) 0 (b) (c) (d) p
r 4 2
side AD, then r is given by : [2012]

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Vector Algebra M-463

50. The values of a, for which points A, B, C with position r

57. If a = 2i + j + 2k, then the value of
vectors 2i - j + k , i - 3 j - 5k and ai - 3 j + k respectively are r r r
| i ´ (a ´ i) |2 + | j ´ (a ´ j ) |2 + | k ´ (a ´ k) |2 is equal to
p
the vertices of a right angled triangle with C = are _______________. [NA Sep. 04, 2020 (II)]
2 r r r
[2006] 58. Let b , b an d c be three vectors such that
(a) 2 and 1 (b) – 2 and – 1 r r r r r
(c) – 2 and 1 (d) 2 and – 1
| a | = 3, | b | = 5, b . c = 10 and the angle between b

51. Let u , v , w be such that | u |= 1,| v |= 2, | w |= 3. If the r p r r r

and c is . If b is perpendicular to the vector b × c ,
proection v along u is equal to that of w along u and 3
r r r
v , w are perpendicular to each other then then | a ´ (b ´ c) | is equal to _____.[NA Jan. 9, 2020 (II)]
| u - v + w | equals [2004] r r
59. Let a = i - 2 j + k and b = i - j + k be two vectors. If cr
(a) 14 (b) 7 (c) 14 (d) 2 r r r r
is a vector such that b ´ cr = b ´ ar and c . a = 0, then
r r r r r r
52. a , b , c are 3 vectors, such that a + b + c = 0 , r r
c . b is equal to: [Jan. 8, 2020 (II)]
r r r rr rr rr
a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, then a.b + b .c + c .a is equal to
3 1 1
[2003] (a) - (b) (c) - (d) –1
2 2 2
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) –7 (d) 7 r r r
r r r 60. Let a , b and c be three unit vectors such
53. If | a |= 5, | b |= 4, | c |= 3 thus what will be the value of r r
that ar + b + cr = 0. if
rr rr rr ® ® ®
| a.b + b .c + c.a | , given that a + b + c = 0 [2002] r r r r r r
l = a × b + b × c + c × a and
(a) 25 (b) 50 (c) –25 (d) –50 r r r r r r r
d = a ´ b + b ´ c + c ´ a , then
® ® ® ® ® ®
If sdaa a , b , c are vectors such that a + b + c = 0 and r
54.
( )
the ordered pair, l, d is equal to: [Jan. 7, 2020 (II)]
® ® ® ®
| a |= 7,| b |= 5,| c |= 3 then angle between vector b and
æ 3 r rö æ 3 r rö
®
(a) ç ,3a ´ c ÷ (b) ç - ,3c ´ b ÷
è2 ø è 2 ø
c is [2002]
(a) 60 (b) 30 (c) 45 (d) 90 æ 3 r rö æ 3 r rö
(c) ç ,3b ´ c ÷ (d) ç - ,3a ´ b ÷
è2 ø è 2 ø
Vector or Cross Product of two r r r
r r
TOPIC Đ
vectors, Area of a Parallelogram & 61. Let a = 3i$ + $ and b = 2i$ – $ + 3k$ . If b = b1 – b2 , where
Triangle, Scalar & Vector Tripple r r
ur ur
Product b1 is parallel to a and b2 is perpendicular to a , then
r r
55. If the volume of a parallelopiped, whose coterminus edges b1 ´b2 is equal to: [April 09, 2019 (I)]
r r
are given by the vectors a = i$ + $j + nk$ , b = 2$i + 4 $j - nk$
r (a) –3i$ + 9$ + 5k$ (b) 3i$ – 9$ – 5k$
and c = i$ + n $j + 3k$ ( n ³ 0 ) , is 158 cu.units, then:
[Sep. 05, 2020 (I)] (c)
1
( –3i$ + 9$ + 5k$ ) (d) ( 3i – 9  + 5k )
1 $ $ $
r r r r 2 2
(a) a . c = 17 (b) b . c = 10
62. The magnitude of the proection of the vector 2$i + 3 $j + k$
(c) n = 7 (d) n = 9
r r r on the vector perpendicular to the plane containing the
56. Let x0 be the point of local maxima of f ( x) = a × (b ´ c), where
r r r vectors $i + $j + k$ and $i + 2 $j + 3k$ , is : [April 08, 2019 (I)]
a = xi - 2 j + 3k, b = -2i + xj - k and c = 7i - 2 j + xk.
r r r r r r
Then the value of a × b + b × c + c × a at x = x0 is : 3 3
(a) (b) 6 (c) 3 6 (d)
[Sep. 04, 2020 (I)] 2 2
(a) – 4 (b) – 30 (c) 14 (d) – 22

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 EBD_8344
M-464 Mathematics

r r
63. Let a = 3i + 2 j + xk and b = i – j + k , for some real x. 1 25
(a) (b) (c) 2 (d) 5
r r 8 8
Then a ´ b = r is possible if : [April 08, 2019 (II)] r
70. If the vector b = 3 $j + 4k$ is written as the sum of a vec-
3 3 3 uur r uur
(a) <r £3 (b) r ³ 5 tor b1 , parallel to a = $i + $j and a vector b2 , perpendicu-
2 2 2
r uur uur
lar to a , then b1 ´ b2 is equal to : [Online April 9, 2017]
3 3 3
(c) 0 < r £ (d) 3 <r<5
2 2 2
(a) -3$i + 3 $j - 9k$
9
(b) 6i$ - 6 $j + k$
r r r 2
64. Let a, b and c be three unit vectors, out of which vectors
r r
b and c are non-parallel. If a and b are the angles which 9
(c) -6 $i + 6 $j - k$ (d) 3 $i - 3 $j + 9k$
r r
vector ar makes with vectors b and c respectively and 2
71. The area (in sq. units) of the parallelogram whose diagonals
r r r 1r
( )
a ´ b ´ c = b , then |a – b| is equal to :
2
are along the vectors 8i - 6 and 3i + 4 - 12k , is :
[Jan. 12, 2019 (II)] [Online April 8, 2017]
(a) 30 (b) 90 (c) 60 (d) 45 (a) 26 (b) 65 (c) 20 (d) 52
r   r    r ® ® ®
65. Let a = i - , b = i +  + k and c be a vector such that 72. Let a , b an d c be three unit vectors such that
r r r r rr r
a ´ c + b = 0 and a .c = 4 , then c
2
is equal to: ® æ® ®ö 3 æ ® ®ö ® ®
a ´ çç b ´ c ÷÷ = çç b + c ÷÷ . If b is not parallel to c , then
[Jan 09, 2019]
è ø 2 è ø
19 17
(a) (b) 9 (c) 8 (d) ® ®
2 2 the angle between a and b is: [2016]
66. If the position vectors of the vertices A, B and C of a
2p 5p 3p p
DABC are respectively 4i + 7 j + 8k, 2i + 3 j + 4k and (a) (b) (c) (d)
3 6 4 2
® ® ®
2i + 5 j + 7k , then the position vector of the point, where 73. Let a , b and c be three non- ero vectors such that no two
the bisector of ÐA meets BC is [Online April 15, 2018] ® ® ® 1® ®®
of them are collinear and (a ´ b) ´ c = b c a . If q is the
1  1  3
(a) (4i + 8 j + 11k) (b) (6i + 13 j + 18k) ® ®
2 3 angle between vectors b and c , then a value of sin q is :
1  1 
(c) (8i + 14 j + 9k) (d) (6i + 11 j + 15k) [2015]
4 3
r r r 2 -2 3 2 2 - 2
67. Let a = i + j + k, c = j – k and a vector b be such that (a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 3 3
r r r r r r
a ´ b = c and a × b = 3. Then | b | equals? ® ® ® ®
[Online April 16, 2018] 74. Let a and b be two unit vectors such that a + b = 3 .

( )
11 11 11 11 ® ® ® ® ®
(a) (b) (c) (d) ®
3 3 3 3 If c = a + 2 b + 3 a ´ b , then 2 c is equal to :
r r r [Online April 10, 2015]
68. If a, b , and c are unit vectors such that
r r r r r r (a) 55 (b) 37 (c) 51 (d) 43
a + 2b + 2c = 0, then a ´ c is equal to r r r r r r rrr 2
[Online April 15, 2018] 75. If éë a ´ b b ´ c c ´ a ùû = l éë a b c ùû then l is equal to

1 15 [2014]
15 15
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
4 4 16 16 ® ® ®
r r r 76. If x = 3i - 6 - k , y = i + 4 - 3k and = 3i - 4 - 12k ,
69. Let a = 2i +  - 2k and b = i +  . Let c be a vector such
r r r ® ® ®
r r
( )
that | c - a | = 3, a ´ b ´ c = 3 and the angle between rc then the magnitude of the proection of x ´ y on is:
r r rr [Online April 19, 2014]
and a ´ b be 30 . Then a.c is equal to : [2017] (a) 12 (b) 15 (c) 14 (d) 13

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Vector Algebra M-465

® r r r r
® ®
( )
2 84. The vectors a and b are not perpendicular and c and d
77. If c = 60 and c ´ i + 2 + 5k = 0 , then a value of r r r r rr
® are two vectors satisfying b ´ c = b ´ d and a.d = 0 .
(
c . -7i + 2 + 3k is: ) [Online April 11, 2014] r
Then the vector d is equal to [2011]
(a) 4 2 (b) 12 (c) 24 (d) 12 2 r
r r r
rr
r æ a.c ö r r æ b .cr ö r
78. Let a = 2i + j - 2k, b = i + j. If c is a vector such that (a) c + çè r r ÷ø b (b) b + ç r r ÷ c
a.b è a.b ø
r r uur r r
a · c = | c | , | c - a | = 2 2 and the angle between r
r r r r r r
rr
r æ a.c ö r r æ b .cr ö r
a ´ b and c is 30 , then | (a ´ b ) ´ c | equals: (c) c - çè r r ÷ø b (d) b - ç r r ÷ c
a.b è a.b ø
[Online April 25, 2013]

(a)
1
2
3 3
(b) (c) 3 (d)
3
2
85.
r
If a =
1
10
( ) r 1
( )
3i + k and b = 2i + 3 j - 6k , then the
7
2
rr rr rr r r r
79. ( ) ( ) (
The vector $i ´ a.b $i + $j ´ a.b $j + k$ ´ a.b k$ is equal to : ) ( r
)(
r
) (
r
value of 2a - b éë a ´ b ´ a + 2b ùû is ) [2011]
[Online April 9, 2013] (a) –3 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) –5
r r r r r r r
(a) b ´ a (c) a ´ b r   r   
(b) a (d) b 86. Let a = j - k and c = i - j - k . Then the vector b
® ® ®
r r r r r r
80. Statement 1: The vectors a , b and c lie in the same satisfying a ´ b + c = 0 and a. b = 3 is [2010]
® æ ® ®ö
plane if and only if a . ç b ´ c ÷ = 0 (a) 2i - j + 2k (b) i - j - 2k
è ø
®
(c) i + j - 2k (d) -i + j - 2k
®
Statement 2: The vectors u and v are perpendicular if r r r
87. If u, v, w are non-coplanar vectors and p, q are real
® ® ® ®
and only if u . v = 0 where u ´ v is a vector perpendicular numbers, then the equality
r r r rr r r r r
® ® [3u pv pw] - [ pv w qu ] - [2w qv qu ] = 0
to the plane of u and v . [Online May 26, 2012] holds for : [2009]
(a) Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true. (a) exactly two values of (p, q)
(b) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is (b) more than two but not all values of (p, q)
correct explanation for Statement 1.
(c) all values of (p, q)
(c) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false.
(d) exactly one value of (p, q)
(d) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, , Statement 2 is r
r
not a correct explanation for Statement 1. 88. Let a = i + j + k, b = i - j + 2k and
® ® ®
If u = j + 4k , v = i + 3k and w = cos qi + sin qj are r r
81. c = xi + ( x - 2) j - k . If the vector c lies in the plane of
vectors in 3-dimensional space, then the maximum possible r r
® ® ® a and b , then x equals [2007]
value of u ´ v . w is [Online May 12, 2012]
(a) – 4 (b) – 2 (c) 0 (d) 1.
(a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 14 (d) 7
89. If u and v are unit vectors and q is the acute angle
82. Statement 1: If the points (1, 2, 2), (2, 1, 2) and
(2, 2, z) and (1, 1, 1) are coplanar, then z = 2. between them, then 2 u ×3 v is a unit vector for [2007]
Statement 2: If the 4 points P, Q, R and S are coplanar, (a) no value of q
then the volume of the tetrahedron PQRS is 0. (b) exactly one value of q
[Online May 12, 2012]
(c) exactly two values of q
(a) Statement 1 is false,, Statement 2 is true.
(b) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false. (d) more than two values of q
(c) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is 90. If ( a ´ b ) ´ c = a ´ (b ´ c ) where a , b and c are any three
a correct explanation of Statement 1.
(d) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is vectors such that a .b ¹ 0 , b . c ¹ 0 then a and c are
not a correct explanation of Statement 1. [2006]
® ® p
83. If a = i - 2 j + 3k , b = 2i + 3 j - k and (a) inclined at an angle of between them
3
®
p
c = li + j + ( 2l - 1) k are coplanar vectors, then l is (b) inclined at an angle of between them
equal to [Online May 7, 2012] 6
(a) 0 (b) – 1 (c) 2 (d) 1 (c) perpendicular
(d) parallel

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 EBD_8344
M-466 Mathematics
uur uur ®
91. Let a = i - k , b = x i + j + (1 – x) k and ® Ù Ù ® Ù Ù
uur uur uur uur
99. a = 3 i - 5 j and b = 6 i + 3 j are two vectors and c is a
c = y i + x j + (1 + x – y) k . Then [a , b , c ] depends on ® ® ® ® ® ®
[2005] vector such that c = a ´ b then | a |:| b |:| c | [2002]
(a) only y (b) only x
(c) both x and y (d) neither x nor y (a) 34 : 45 : 39 (b) 34 : 45 : 39
uur uur uur
92. If a , b , c are non coplanar vectors and l is a real number (c) 34 : 39 : 45 (d) 39 : 35 : 34
then [2005] r r
uur uur 2 uur uur uur uur uur uur 100. If the vectors c , a = xi + yj + zk and b = j are such that
[l (a + b ) l b l c ] = [ a b + c b ] for r r r r
a, c and b form a right handed system then c is:[2002]
(a) exactly one value of l r
(b) no value of l (a) zi - xk (b) 0
(c) exactly three values of l (c) yj (d) - zi + xk
(d) exactly two values of l
® ® ® ®®®
93. For any vector a , the value of 101. If a , b , c are vectors such that [ a b c ] = 4 then
ur ur ur ® ®® ® ® ®
(a ´ i)2 + (a ´ j ) 2 + (a ´ k)2 is equal to[2005] [a´ b b´ c c´ a]= [2002]
ur 2 ur 2 ur 2 ur 2 (a) 16 (b) 64 (c) 4 (d) 8
(a) 3a (b) a (c) 2a (d) 4a r r r r
102. If | a |= 4,| b |= 2 and the angle between a and b is p /6
94. Let a , b an d c be non- ero vectors such that
r r
then (a ´ b )2 is equal to [2002]
1
(a ´ b ) ´ c = | b || c | a . If q is the acute angle between (a) 48 (b) 16
3
®
the vectors b and c , then sinq equals [2004] (c) a (d) None of these

2 2 2 2 1 Scalar Product of Four Vectors,

(a) (b) (c) (d) TOPIC Ė Reciprocal System of Vector,
3 3 3 3
Application of Vectors in Mechanics
r r r
95. If u , v and w are three non- coplanar vectors, then
r r r r r r r 103. A particle ust clears a wall of height b at a distance a and
(u + v - w).(u - v ) ´ (v - w) equals [2003] strikes the ground at a distance c from the point of
rr r proection. The angle of proection is [2007]
(a) 3u .v ´ w (b) 0
r r r rr r
(c) u .(v ´ w) (d) u.w ´ v . (a) tan -1
bc
(b) tan -1
bc
96. A tetrahedron has vertices at O(0, 0, 0), A(1, 2, 1) B(2, 1, 3) a(c - a) a
and C(-1, 1, 2). Then the angle between the faces OAB and
ABC will be b
[2003] (c) tan -1 (d) 45 .
-1 æ 19 ö
ac
(a) 90 o (b) cos ç ÷
è 35 ø 104. A body weighing 13 kg is suspended by two strings 5m
and 12m long, their other ends being fastened to the
(c) cos -1æç
17 ö
÷ (d) 30 o extremities of a rod 13m long. If the rod be so held that the
è 31 ø
body hangs immediately below the middle point, then
r r r tensions in the strings are [2007]
97. Let u = i + j, v = i - j and w = i + 2 j + 3k . If n is a unit
r r r (a) 5 kg and 12 kg (b) 5 kg and 13 kg
vector such that u.n = 0 and v .n = 0 , then w. n is equal (c) 12 kg and 13 kg (d) 5 kg and 5 kg
to [2003] 105. The resultant of two forces Pn and 3n is a force of 7n. If the
(a) 3 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2. direction of 3n force were reversed, the resultant would be
® ® ® ® ® ® ® ® ® 19 n. The value of P is [2007]
98. If a ´ b = b ´ c = c ´ a then a + b + c = [2002]
(a) 3 n (b) 4 n (c) 5 n (d) 6 n.
(a) abc (b) –1 (c) 0 (d) 2

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Vector Algebra M-467

106. A body falling from rest under gravity passes a certain 113. A paticle moves towards east from a point A to a point B at
point P. It was at a distance of 400 m from P, 4s prior to the rate of 4 km/h and then towards north from B to C at
passing through P. If g = 10m / s 2 , then the height above the rate of 5km/hr. If AB = 12 km and BC = 5 km, then its
average speed for its ourney from A to C and resultant
the point P from where the body began to fall is [2006] average velocity direct from A to C are respectively [2004]
(a) 720 m (b) 900 m (c) 320 m (d) 680 m
107. A particle has two velocities of equal magnitude inclined 13 17
(a) km / h and km / h
to each other at an angle q . If one of them is halved, the 9 9
angle between the other and the original resultant velocity 13 17
is bisected by the new resultant. Then q is [2006] (b) km / h and km / h
4 4
(a) 90 (b) 120 (c) 45 (d) 60
108. The resultant R of two forces acting on a particle is at right 17 13
(c) km / h and km / h
angles to one of them and its magnitude is one third of the 9 9
other force. The ratio of larger force to smaller one is:
17 13
[2005] (d) km / h and km / h
4 4
(a) 2 : 1 (b) 3 : 2 (c) 3 : 2 (d) 3 : 2 2 r r
114. Three forces P, Q and R acting along IA, IB and IC, where
109. A and B are two like parallel forces. A couple of moment H
lies in the plane of A and B and is contained with them. The I is the incentre of a DABC are in equilibrium. Then
resultant of A and B after combining is displaced through r r r
P : Q : R is [2004]
a distance [2005]
A B C
2H H (a) cos ec : cos ec : cos ec
(a) (b) 2 2 2
A-B A+ B
A B C
H H (b) sin : sin : sin
(c) (d) 2 2 2
2( A + B ) A-B
110. A particle is proected from a point O with velocity u at an A B C
angle of 60 with the hori ontal. When it is moving in a (c) sec : sec : sec
2 2 2
direction at right angles to its direction at O, its velocity
then is given by [2005] A B C
(d) cos : cos : cos
u u 2u u 2 2 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 2 3 3 115. In a right angle DABC , ÐA = 90° and sides a, b, c are
r
111. If t1 and t2 are the times of flight of two particles having respectively, 5 cm, 4 cm and 3 cm. If a force F has moments
the same initial velocity u and range R on the hori ontal , 0, 9 and 16 in N cm. units respectively about vertices A, B
r
then t12 + t22 is equal to [2004] and C, then magnitude of F is [2004]
(a) 9 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 3
(a) 1 (b) 4u 2 / g 2 116. With two forces acting at point, the maximum affect is
obtained when their resultant is 4N. If they act at right
(c) u 2 / 2g (d) u 2 / g angles, then their resultant is 3N. Then the forces are
[2004]
1
112. A velocity m / s is resolved into two components along æ 1 ö æ 1 ö
4 (a) çè 2 + 3 ÷ N and ç 2 - 3÷ N
2 ø è 2 ø
OA and OB making angles 30 and 45 respectively with
the given velocity. Then the component along OB is (b) ( 2 + 3 ) N and ( 2 - 3 ) N
[2004]
æ 1 ö æ 1 ö
1
( 6 - 2 )m / s
1 (c) çè 2 + 2 ÷ N and ç 2 - 2÷ N
(a) (b) ( 3 - 1) m / s 2 ø è 2 ø
8 4

1 1 (d) ( 2 + 2 ) N and ( 2 - 2 ) N
(c) m/s (d) m/s
4 8

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 EBD_8344
M-468 Mathematics
r r r r
117. A particle is acted upon by constant forces 4i + j - 3k 122. The resultant of forces P and Q is R . If Q is
r r
and 3i + j - k which displace it from a point i + 2 j + 3k doubled then R is doubled. If the direction of Q is
r
to the point 5i + 4 j + k . The work done in standard units reversed,then R is again doubled. Then P 2 : Q 2 : R 2 is
by the forces is given by [2004] [2003]
(a) 15 (b) 30 (c) 25 (d) 40 (a) 2 : 3 : 1 (b) 3 : 1 : 1 (c) 2 : 3 : 2 (d) 1 : 2 : 3.
r
123. A couple is of moment G and the force forming the couple
118. Let R1 and R2 respectively be the maximum ranges up r r
and down an inclined plane and R be the maximum range is P . If P is turned through a right angle the moment of
r r
on the hori ontal plane. Then R1, R , R2 are in [2003] the couple thus formed is H . If instead , the force P are
(a) H.P (b) A.G..P (c) A.P (d) G..P. turned through an angle a , then the moment of couple
119. Two particles start simultaneously from the same point becomes [2003]
r r r r
and move along two straight lines, one with uniform (a) H sin a - G cos a (b) G sin a - H cos a
r r r r r
velocity u and the other from rest with uniform acceleration (c) H sin a + G cos a (d) G sin a + H cos a .
r
f . Let a be the angle between their directions of
124. A particle acted on by constant forces 4i + j - 3k and
motion. The relative velocity of the second particle w.r.t.
the first is least after a time [2003] 3i + j - k is displaced from the point i + 2 - 3k to the
u sin a f cos a
(a) u cos a (b) (c) (d) u sin a point 5i + 4 + k . The total work done by the forces is
f f u
120. Two stones are proected from the top of a cliff h metres [2003]
high , with the same speed u, so as to hit the ground at (a) 50 units (b) 20 units
the same spot. If one of the stones is proected (c) 30 units (d) 40 units.
hori ontally and the other is proected hori ontally and 125. A bead of weight w can slide on smooth circular wire in a
the other is proected at an angle q to the hori ontal vertical plane. The bead is attached by a light thread to the
highest point of the wire and in equilibrium, the thread is
then tan q equals [2003]
taut and make an angle q with the vertical then tension of
2 2u u u the thread and reaction of the wire on the bead are
(a) u gh (b) gh (c) 2 g (d) 2 h g (a) T = w cos q R = w tan q [2002]
h
121. A body travels a distance s in t seconds. It starts from rest (b) T = 2w cos q R = w
and ends at rest. In the first part of the ourney, it moves (c) T = w R = w sin q
with constant acceleration f and in the second part with
(d) T = w sin q R = wcot q
constant retardation r. The value of t is given by [2003]
126. The sum of two forces is 18 N and resultant whose direction
æ 1 1ö æ 1 1ö is at right angles to the smaller force is 12 N. The magnitude
(a) 2sçç + ÷÷ (b) 2 sçç + ÷÷
è f rø è f rø
of the two forces are [2002]
(a) 13, 5 (b) 12, 6 (c) 14, 4 (d) 11, 7
2s
(c) (d) 2s( f + r )
1 1
+
f r

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Vector Algebra M-469

æ 2p ö æ 4p ö 6 + 14l 18l 2
1. (a) a cos q = b cos ç q + ÷ = c cos ç q + ÷ = k Þ - =6
è 3ø è 3ø l + 1 (l + 1) 2

k k k 8l 18l 2
a= ,b= ,c= Þ 6+ - =6
cos q æ 2p ö æ 4p ö l + 1 (l + 1) 2
cos ç q + ÷ cos ç q + ÷
è 3ø è 3ø l
Let =t
l +1
é æ 4p ö æ 2p ö ù
êcos çè q + 3 ÷ø + cos q + cos çè q + 3 ÷ø ú Þ 18t 2 - 8t = 0 Þ 2t (9t - 4) = 0
ab + bc + ca = k 2 ë û
æ 4p ö æ 2p ö 4
cos ç q + ÷ × cos q × cos ç q + ÷ Þ t = 0,
è 3ø è 3ø 9
l 4 4
\ = Þ l = = 0.8.
é æ pö ù l +1 9 5
ê cos q + 2 cos(q + p ) × cos çè 3 ÷ø ú
=k ê 2
ú a +1 a a
ê æ 2p ö æ 4p ö ú
êë cos q × cos çè q + ÷ × cos çè q + ÷ a a +1 a =0
3ø 3 ø úû 3. (1.0)
a a a +1
é 1 ù 1
ê cos q - 2 cos q × ú Þ 3a + 1 = 0 Þ a = -
= k2 ê 2 ú=0 3
ê æ 2p ö æ 4p ö ú The given vectors
êë cos q × cos çè q + ÷ × cos çè q + ÷
3ø 3 ø úû r 2 1 1 1
p = $i - $j - k$ = (2$i - $j - k$ )
3 3 3 3
(ai + bj + ck) × (bi + cj + ak)
cos f = r 1
q = (-$i + 2 $j - k$ )
a 2 + b2 + c 2 × b2 + c 2 + a 2 3
= ab + bc + ca = 0 r 1
r = (-$i - $j + 2k$ )
p 3
f=
2 rr 1 1
2. (0.8) Now, p.q = (-2 - 2 + 1) = -
r 9 3
Let position vector of A and B be ar and b respectively..
i j k
r
uuur lb + ar r r 1
r ´ q = -1 2 -1
\ Position vector of P is OP = 9
l +1 -1 -1 2
l:1
1
P = (i (4 - 1) - j (-2 - 1) + k (1 + 2))
A B 9
(1, 1, 1) (2, 1, 3)
uuur uuur uuur uuur 1 i+ j+k
= (3i + 3 j + 3k ) =
Given OB × OP - 3 | OA ´ OP |2 = 6 9 3
r r r2
r æ lb + ar ö r lb + a
Þ b×ç -3 a´ =6 r r 1 r r2 1
r ´q = 3 Þ r ´q =
è l + 1 ÷ø l +1 3 3
r r r rr r r2
a × b + l | b |2 3l 2 r r 3( p.q )2 - l r ´ q = 0
Þ - | a ´ b |2 = 6
l +1 (l + 1) 2
1 1
r r r r Þ 3. - l. = 0 Þ l = 1
(Q a ´ b = 2i - j - k and a × b = 6) 9 3

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 EBD_8344
M-470 Mathematics

r r r r For l = l1, volume of parallelopiped is ero.

4. (b) Let vector be l[(a + b ) ´ (a - b )]
r \ vectors are coplanar.
Given, a = 3i +2 j + 2k and b = i + 2 j - 2k ur ur r
6. (b) Let, three vectors a, b, c are coplanar,,
r r r r
\ a + b = 4i + 4 j and a - b = 2i + 4k r r r
then [a , b , c ] = 0
\ vector = l[(4i + 4 j ) ´ (2i + 4k)]
a 1 3
= l[16i - 16 j - 8k] = 8l[2i - 2 j - k] 2 1 -a
Þ = 0 Þ a2 + 6 = 0
Given that magnitude of the vector is 12. a -2 3
1
\ 12 = 8 | l | 4 + 4 +1 Þ | l | = 2 Q no real value of ‘a’ exist.
\ set S is an empty set.
\ required vector is ±4 (2i - 2 j - k) 7. (d) Let cos a, cos b, cos g be direction cosines of a.
5. (b) Volume of the parallelepiped is, p p
\ cos a = cos , cos b = cos and cosg = cosq
1 l 1 3 4
0 1 l p p 1
V= = | 1(1) + l(l2) + 1 (– l) | Þ cos 2 + cos2 + cos 2 q = 1 Þ cos 2 q =
l 0 1 3 4 4
1 p 2p
= | l3 – l + 1 | Þ cos q = ± Þ q = or
2 3 3
Let f (x) = x3 – x + 1
On differentiating, f ‘ (x) = 3x2 – 1 8. (a) Q Three vectors (mi + j + k),(i + m j + k and
Now, f ‘ (x) = 0
(i + j + mk) are copalnar..
1
Þx=± m 1 1
3
1 m 1
and f “ (x) = 6x \ =0
1 1 m
æ 1 ö
Since, f “ ç ÷ >0 Þ m(m2 – 1) + 1 – m + 1 – m = 0
è 3ø
Þ (1 – m)[2 – m(m + 1)] = 0
1
\ x= is point of local minima. Þ (1 – m) [m2 + m – 2] = 0
3 Þ m = 1, –2
Therefore, sum of all real values = 1 – 2 = –1
y y = x3 – x + 1 9. (d) Q a , b and c are coplanar

1 2 4
1 l 4
O
x \ =0
1 1 2 4 (l 2 - 1)
x=– x=
3 3 Þ l3 – l – 16 + 2(8 – l2 + 1) + 4(4 – 2l) = 0
Þ l3 – 2l2 – 9l + 18 = 0
i.e., (l – 2) (l – 3) (l + 3) = 0
For l = 2, cr = 2i + 4 j + 3k
V
V = | l 3 – l + 1|

i j k
l \ r r 1 2 4 = -10i + 5 j
l = l1 a´c =
1 1 2 4 3
l=– l=
3 3
For l = 3 or –3, c = 2a Þ a ´ c = 0 (Reected)

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Vector Algebra M-471

ur r
10. (d) Since, the angle bisector of acute angle between OA ur 2C + r
G=
and OB would be y = x 3
ur ur r
3G = 2C + r
r r r
r ur ur r r r æ a +b + c ö
r = 3G - 2C = (a + b + c) – 2çç ÷÷
è 4 ø
r r r
a+b+c
=
2
2 1
O C
G
R C
3
Since, the distance of C from bisector =
2 P
b – (1– b) 3 14. (c) We have,
Þ = = 2b = ±3 + 1 uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
2 2 AB + BC + CA = 0 Þ BC = AC - AB
b = 2 or b = –1 Let M be mid-point of BC
uuur uuur uuur
uuuur AC - AB æ uuuur BC ö
Hence, the sum of all possible value of b = 2 + (–1) = 1 Now, BM = Q BM =
r ç 2 ÷ø
r 2 è
11. (a) Let a and b are collinear for same k
r A
r
i.e., a = k b
r r
(l - 2) ar + b = k((4l - 2) ar + 3 b )
r r
(l – 2) ar + b = k(4l – 2) ar + 3kb
r
(l - 2 - k(4l - 2)) ar + b (1- 3k) = 0 C
r B M
But ar and b are non-collinear, then Also, we have
uuur uuuur uuuur
l – 2 – k(4l – 2) = 0, 1 – 3k = 0 AB + BM + MA = 0
uuur uuur
uuur AC - AB uuuur
Þ k=
1 1
and l – 2 – (4l – 2) = 0 Þ AB + = AM
3 3 2
uuur uuur
uuuur AB + AC
3l – 6 – 4l + 2 = 0 Þ 1 AM = = 4i - j + 4k
l=-4 uuuur
2
r r r Þ AM = 33
12. (d) Q u, a & b are coplanar
r r r r r r r r r ® ® ® ®
\ u = l(a´ b) ´ a = l{a 2 .b - (a .b)a} 15. (b) Since, u and v are collinear, therefore k u + v = 0
® ®
= l{-4i + 8 + 16k}
 = l'{- i+ 2 + 4k}.
 Þ[k(a – 2) + 2 + 3a] a + (k – 3) b = 0 ...(i)
rr
Also, u.b = 24 Þ l' = 4 ® ®
Since a and b are non-collinear, then for some constant
r
\ u = -4i + 8 + 16k m and n,
r2 ® ®
Þ u = 336 m a + n b = 0 Þ m = 0, n = 0
r r r Hence from equation (i)
ur a+b+c k–3=0 Þ k=3
13. (c) Position vector of centriod G =
3 And k(a – 2) + 2 + 3a = 0
r r r Þ 3(a – 2) + 2 + 3a = 0 Þ a =
2
ur a + b + c 3
Position vector of circum centre C =
4

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 EBD_8344
M-472 Mathematics

r r æ 1 ö 
16. (c) Let a = i - 2 j + 3k, and c = ri + j + (2r - 1)k æ 1 ö
çè ÷ i and çè ÷ j
r AB ø AC ø
Since, cr is parallel to the plane of ar and b therefore,
r r r æ 1 ö æ 1 ö
\ Their resultant along AD = ç i+
è AB ÷ø çè AC ÷ø
a , b and c are coplanar.. j

1 -2 3 \ Magnitude of resultant is
\ 2 3 -1 = 0 æ 1 ö æ 1 ö
2 2 AC 2 + AB 2
= ç +ç =
r 1 2r - 1 è AB ÷ø è AC ÷ø AB 2 + AC 2
Þ 1 (6r – 3 + 1) + 2 (4r – 2 + r) + 3 (2 – 3r) = 0 [Q AC 2 + AB 2 = BC 2 ]
Þ 6r – 2 + 10r – 4 + 6 – 9r = 0
BC
Þr=0 =
17. (c) As per question AB. AC
r r r C
a + 3b = l c ....(i)
r r r
b + 2c = μa ....(ii)
On solving equations (i) and (ii)
r r ^
(1 + 3μ ) a - (λ + 6) c = 0 1 D
r r AC
As a and c are non collinear,,
\ 1 + 3μ = 0 and l + 6 = 0 q
r r r r q
A B
From (i), a + 3b + 6c = 0 1 ^
18. (d) The given vectors are coplanar then i
AB
p 1 1 Q DABC ~ DDBA
1 q 1 =0 BC AC BC 1
Þ = Þ =
1 1 r AB AD AB ´ AC AD
1
Þ p ( qr - 1) + 1(1 - r ) + 1(1 - q) = 0 \ The required magnitude of resultant becomes .
AD
Þ pqr - p + 1 - r + 1 – q = 0 uuur uuur uuur uuur
21. (a) PA + AP = 0 and PC + CP = 0
Þ pqr - ( p + q + r ) = -2 uuuur uuuur uuuur
r r r Þ PA + AC + CP = 0 .... (i)
19. (d) Q a lies in the plane of b and c uuuur uuuur uuuur
r Similarly, PB + BC + CP = 0 .... (ii)
\ ar = b + lcr Adding eqn. (i) and (ii), we get
uuuur uuuur uuuur uuuur uuur
Þ ai + 2 j + bk = i + j + l ( j + k) PA + PB + AC + BC + 2CP = 0.
uuuur uuuur uuuur uuuur
Þ a = 1, 2 = 1+ l, b = l Since AC = - BC & CP = - PC
Þ a = 1, b = 1 uuuur uuuur uuuur
Þ PA + PB - 2PC = 0.
r r r P
Q a bisects the angle between b and c .
r
\ a = l (b + c)

l (i + 2 + k)

Þ ai + 2 + bk =
2
A C B
l l r r r r r r r r
Þa= , l = 2 , b= 22. (a) Vector ai + aj + ck , i + k and ci + cj + bk are
2 2
coplanar
Þ a=b=1
20. (d) If we consider unit vectors i and j in the direction a a c
1 1 1 0 1 = 0 Þ c 2 = ab Þ c = ab
AB and AC respectively and its magnitude and c c b
AB AC
respectively, then as per quesiton, forces along AB and
AC respectively are \ c is G.M. of a and b.

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Vector Algebra M-473

r r r r r r 27. (d)
23. (c) If vectors a + 2b + 3c , lb + 4c , and (2l - 1)c are A

1 2 3
3i + 4 k
coplanar then 0 l 4 =0 5i – 2j + 4k

0 0 2l - 1

1 B D C
Þ l(2l - 1) = 0 Þ l = 0 or Given that AD is median of DABC.
2
uuur (3 + 5)i + (0 - 2) j + (4 + 4)k
1 \ AD = = 4i - j + 4k
\ Forces are noncoplanar for all l, except l = 0, 2
2 uuur
r r r r r AD = 16 + 16 + 1 = 33
24. (c) Given that a + 2b is collinear with c and b + 3c is
r 28. (4)
collinear with a r r
r r r r r r Let angle between a and b be q.
Let a + 2b = tc and b + 3c = s a, where t and s are scalars
r r r r r r q
r | a + b |= 1 + 1 + 2cos q = 2 cos [Q| a |=| b |= 1]
\ a + 2b + 6c = tc + 6c 2
r r r r
= (t + 6)c [using a + 2b = tc ] r r q
r Similarly, | a - b |= 2 sin
= lc , where l = t + 6 2
25. (none) Given that r r r r é q qù
A = (7,-4,7), B = (1,-6,10), C = (-1, - 3, 4) So, 3 | a + b | + | a - b |= 2 ê 3 cos + sin ú
ë 2 2û
and D = (5, –1, 5)
Q Maximum value of (a cos q + b sin q) = a + b
2 2
\ AB = (7 - 1) 2 + (-4 + 6) 2 + (7 - 10) 2
= 36 + 4 + 9 = 7 \ Maximum value = 2 ( 3)2 + (1)2 = 4.
Similarly, BC = 7, CD = 41, DA = 17 29. (1.00)
r r r
\ None of the options is satisfied. Q| x + y | = | x |
Squaring both sides we get
a a 2 1 + a3 r rr r r
| x |2 + 2 x. y + | y |2 = | x |2
26. (c) Given b b2 1 + b3 = 0
rr r r
Þ 2 x. y + y × y = 0 ...(i)
c c2 1 + c3 r r r
Also 2x + ly and y are perpendicular
a a2 1 a a2 a3 r r r r
\ 2 x × y + ly × y = 0 ...(ii)
Þ b b 2 1 + b b2 b3 = 0 Comparing (i) and (ii), l = 1
c c 2
1 c c 2
c 3 30. (6.00)
r r r r
Q Proection of b on a = Proection of c on a
1 a a2 r r r r
\ a ×b = a × c
r r
Þ (1 + abc) 1 b b2 = 0 Given, b × c = 0
r r r r r r r r r r r r
1 c c2 Q | a + b - c |2 = | a |2 + | b |2 + | c |2 + 2a × b - 2b × c - 2a × c
Given that (1, a, a2), (1, b, b2) and (1, c, c2) are non-coplanar = 4 + 16 + 16 = 36.
r r r2
Þ |a +b -c | = 6
1 a a2
31. (2)
\ 1 b b 2 ¹ 0 ( given condition) r r r
| a |=| b |=| c |= 1
1 c c2 r r r r
| a - b |2 + | a - c |2 = 8
\ 1 + abc = 0 Þ abc = -1

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 EBD_8344
M-474 Mathematics

r r r r
Þ a × b + a × c = -2 r m
r a= (3i$ + 3 $j - $i + $j - 4k$ )
r r r 3 2
Now, | a + 2b |2 + | a + 2c |2
r r r r r r r m
= 2 | a |2 +4 | b |2 +4 | c |2 +4(a × b + a × c ) = 2 = (2$i + 4 $j - 4k$ )
3 2
32. (8) Let P(1, – 1, 3), Q(2, – 4, 11), R(–1, 2, 3)
r
and S(3, –2, 10) Compare with a = a$i + 2 $j + bk$
uuur
Then, PQ = i$ - 3 $j + 8k$ 4m 3 2
uuur =2 Þ m=
uuur 3 2 2
Proection of PQ on RS
r
uuur uuur a = $i + 2 $j - 2k$
PQ.RS 4 + 12 + 56
= uuur = =8 r r
RS (4)2 + (4)2 + (7)2 ( )
\ a . k + 2 = $i + 2 $j – 2 k$ × k$ + 2
r r = –2 + 2 = 0
33. (b) It is given that u = $i + $j + l k$ , v = i$ + $j + 3k$ and r r
35. (b) Q b = 2a
w = 2i$ + $j + k$
r r r \ 4 i + (3 – l2) j + 6 k = 4 i + 2l1 j + 6 k
Volume of parallelopiped = [u . v . w] \ 3 – l2 = 2l1 ...(1)
r r
1 1 l Q a is perpendicular to c
Þ ±1 = 1 1 3 Þ -l + 3 =±1 Þ l = 2 or l = 4 r r
\ a×c = 0
2 1 1 Þ 6 + 6l1 + 3(l3 –1) = 0
For l = 2 Þ 2 + 2l1 + l3 – 1 = 0
2 +1+ 2 5 Þ l3 = –2l1 – 1 ...(2)
cos q = =
6 6 6 æ -1 ö
For l = 4 Since çè , 4,0÷ø satisfies equation (1) and (2). Hence, one
2
2 +1+ 4 7 of possible value of
cos q = =
6 18 6 3
1
r r l1 = - , l2 = 4 and l3 = 0
34. (c) Angle bisector between b and c can be 2
r r r r
a = l(b$ + c$ ) or a = m(b$ - c$ ) r b × a b1 + b2 + 2
36. (b) Proection of b on ar = r =
|a| 4
r æ $i + $j $i - $j + 4k$ ö
If a = l ç + ÷
ç 2 3 2 ÷ø b1 + b2 + 2
è According to question = 1+1+ 2 = 2
2
l $ $ $ $ Þ b1 + b2 = 2
= [3i + 3 j + i - j + 4 k$ ] ...(1)
r
3 2 Since, a + b is perpendicular to cr .
r
r
=
l
[4$i + 2 $j + 4k$ ] Hence, ar × cr + b × cr = 0
3 2 Þ 8 + 5b1 + b2 + 2 = 0 ...(2)
r
Compare with a = a$i + 2 $j + bk$ From (1) and (2),
b1 = –3, b2 = 5
2l r
=2 Þ l=3 2 Þ b = -3 × i + 5 j + 2k
3 2
r
r
a = 4$i + 2 $j + 4k$ | b | = 9 + 25 + 2 = 6
Not satisfy any option 37. (d) AB = -4$i + 2 $j + ( p + 1)k$
r æ $i + $j $i - $j + 4k$ ö
Now consider a = m ç - ÷ AC = 2$i + (q - 1) $j – 3k$
ç 2 3 2 ÷ø
è
AB ^ AC

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Vector Algebra M-475

Þ AB. AC = 0 p
Þq=
2
C r r
| 2a + b | = 16 + 9 + 24 cos q = 25 = 5
41. (b) Let angle between a and c be q.
®
Now, a – 3 b + c = 0
Þ (a + c) = 3 b
Þ (a + c) . (a + c) = 3(b .b)
A B
Þ a.a + a .c + c.a + c.c = 3 ´ 1
– 8 + 2 (q – 1) – 3 (p + 1) = 0 Þ 1 + 2 cos q + 1 = 3
3p – 2q + 13 = 0 1 p
(p, q) lies on 3x – 2y + 13 = 0 Þ cos q = Þq=
2 3
3 ® ® ®
slope = 42. (b) Let d = b + l c
2
r
\ Acute angle with x-axis \ d = i + 2 j - k + l(i + j - 2k)
uuur uuur uuur
38. (c) Let AB = a, AD = b and AC = c = (1 + l) i + (2 + l) j - (1 + 2l) k
uuur uuur uuur ® ® ®
We have AB + AD = AC If q be the angle between d and a , then proection of d
D ® ® ®
C or ( b + l c ) on a
b c
®
æ ®® ö
®
® ®
ç d .a ÷ d .a
= | d | cos q = | d | ç ® ® ÷ = ®
A B ç| d || a |÷
a è ø |a|
On squaring both the side, we get 2(l + 1) - (l + 2) - (2l + 1) -l - 1
uuur 2 uuur 2 uuur uuur uuur = =
AB + AD + 2 AB . AD = | AC |2 4 +1+1 6
uuur uuur ® ® 2
Þ a2 + b2 + 2 AB . ( - DA) = c2 But proection of d on a =
uuur uuur 3
Þ 2 AB . DA = a2 + b2 – c2
\ - l + 1 = 2 Þ l + 2l + 1 = 2
2
uuur uuur 1 6 3 6 3
Þ DA.AB = (a2 + b2 – c2 )
2 Þ l2 + 2l – 3 = 0 Þ l2 + 3l – l – 3 = 0
Þ l(l+ 3) – 1(l+ 3) = 0, Þ l = 1, – 3
39. (b) ( x + y + z)2 ³ 0
® ®
Þ 3 + 2 S x. y ³ 0 when l = 1, then b + l c = 2 i + 3 j - 3k
® ®
Þ 2 S x. y ³ -3 when l = – 3, then b + l c = -2 i - j + 5k
2 2 2 uuur Let
43. (b) ABCD be a parallelogram such that
r uuur r
Now, x + y + y + z + z + x AB = q , AD = p and ÐBAD be an acute angle.
= 6 + 2 S x. y ³ 6 + ( -3) We have
 C
2 2 2
Þ x + y + y + z + z + x ³ 3
r r q
40. (c) Given | 2a - b | = 5 r

r r r r
(2 | a |)2 + | b |2 -2´ | 2a || b | cos q = 5 D
꾀 X p
r r
Putting values of | a | and | b | , we get uuur æ pr . qr ö æ pr ö pr .qr r
AX = ç r ÷ ç r ÷ = r p
(2 ´ 2)2 + (3)2 - 24cos q = 25 è p øè pø p
2

Þ cosq = 0 From triangle law

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 EBD_8344
M-476 Mathematics
rr
uuur uuur uuur r p.q r
Let rr = BX = BA + AX = - q + r p 2$ 2 $ 1 $
p
2 or - i - j + k .
3 3 3
r r
44. (c) Given that c = a + 2b an d d = 5a - 4b and 47. (d) D C
a = b = 1
r r
Since c and d are perpendicular to each other
r
\ cr × d = 0 Z M
Þ (a + 2b).(5a - 4b) = 0
Þ 5 + 6a × b - 8 = 0
1 1 p
Þ a × b = Þ sin q = Þ q= A B
2 2 3
45. (a) Let a + b + c = 0 Þ (a + b) = – c O Y
Þ (a + b)2 = c2 In a parallelogram, diagonals bisect each other. So, mid
Þ a2 + b2 + 2a.b = c2 point of DB is also the mid-point of AC.
Þ 9 + 25 + 2.3.5 cos q = 49 Mid-point of M = 2i - j
æ ® ® ® ö Direction ratio of OC = (1, – 5, – 5)
çQ a = 3, b = 5 and c = 7÷ Direction ratio of OM = (2, – 1, 0)
è ø
Angle q between OM and OC is given by
1 p
\ cos q = Þ q =
2 3 cos q =
(1 ´ 2) + ( -5)( -1) + ( -5)( 0)
$ $ $ be the required unit vector.. 2 + ( -1) (1)2 + ( -5) 2 + ( -5) 2
2 2
46. (d) Let xi + y j + zk

Since a$ is perpendicular to (2$i - $j + 2k$ ) . 2+5 7

= =
\ 2x – y + 2z = 0 ......... (i) 5 51 5 51
$ $ $ ® ®
Since vector xi + y j + zk is coplanar with the vector Proection of OM on OC is given by
$i + $j - k$ and 2$i + 2 $j - k$ . 7 7
OM .cos q = 5 ´ =
5 ´ 51
\ xi$ + y $j + zk$ = p ( $i + $j - k$ ) + q ( 2$i + 2 $j - k$ ),
51
r r r
where p and q are some scalars. 48. (d) Given that, a, b and c are mutually orthogonal
r r r r r r
Þ xi$ + y $j + zk$ = ( p + 2q)i$ + ( p + 2q ) $j - ( p + q)k$ \ a . b = 0, b . c = 0 , c . a = 0
Þ x = p + 2q, y = p + 2q, z = – p – q Þ 2l + 4 + m = 0 ...(i)
Now from equation (i), l -1 + 2m = 0 ...(ii)
2p + 4q – p – 2q – 2p – 2q = 0
Þ –p=0Þp=0 On solving (i) and (ii), we get l = -3, m = 2
\ x = 2q, y = 2q, z = – q r 8r
49. (d) Clearly a = – c
Since vector xi$ + y $j + zk$ is a unit vector, therefore 7
r r
Þ a || c and are opposite in direction
| xi$ + y $j + zk$ | = 1 r
\ Angle between a and cr is p.
uuur uuur
Þ x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1 50. (a) CA = (2 - a)i + 2 j ; CB = (1 - a)i - 6k
Þ x2 + y2 + z2 = 1 uuur uuur
éQ CA ^ CB ù
Þ 4q2 + 4q2 + q2 = 1 ë û
uuur uuur
1 \ CA × CB = 0 Þ (2 - a)(1 - a) = 0
Þ 9q2 =1Þq= ±
3 Þ a = 2, 1
rr
r r v.u r r
When q =
1 2 2
, then x = , y = , z = –
1 51. (c) Proection of v along u = r = v .u
3 |u |
3 3 3
r r
1 2 2 1 r r w.u r r
When q = – , then x = – , y = – , z =
3 proection of w along u = r = w.u
3 3 3 |u |
2$ 2 $ 1 $ rr rr
Here required unit vector is i+ j- k Given v .u = w.u ....(1)
3 3 3

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Vector Algebra M-477

rr r r
Also , v .w = 0 [Q v ^ w] ....(2) c = i + 8 j + 3k
r r r a × c = 1 + 8 + 24 = 33
Now | u - v + w |2
r 2 r2 r 2 rr r r rr b × c = 2 + 32 - 24 = 10
= | u | + | v | + | w | -2u.v - 2v .w + 2u.w
56. (d) It is given that
= 1 + 4 + 9 + 0 [ From (1) and (2)] = 14
r r r i j k
\| u - v + w |= 14
r r r x -2 3
52. (c) Given that a + b + c = 0 f ( x ) = a × (b ´ c ) = = x 3 - 27 x + 26
r r r r r r -2 x -1
Þ (a + b + c ).(a + b + c ) = 0 7 -2 x
r2 r2 r2 rr rr rr
Þ a + b + c + 2(a.b + b .c + c .a ) = 0
Þ f ( x) = x3 - 27 x + 26
rr rr rr
1 + 4 + 9 + 2(a.b + b .c + c.a ) = 0 Þ f '( x) = 3x 2 - 27
r r r r r r -1 - 4 - 9 For critical point f '(x) = 0
a.b + b.c + c .a = = -7
2 Þ 3x2 - 27 = 0 Þ x = -3, 3
® ® ® ®
53. (a) Given that, a + b + c = 0 + – +
® ® ® –3 3
Þ | a + b + c |2 = 0 Max. Min.
® ® ® ® ® ® ® ®® The local maxima of f (x) is, x0 = –3.
Þ | a |2 + | b |2 | + | c |2 + 2( a × b + b × c + c × a ) = 0
Then a × b + b × c + c × a
® ® ® ® ® ®
Þ 25 + 16 + 9 + 2( a × b + b × c + c × a ) = 0 = -2 x - 2 x - 3 - 14 - 2 x - x + 7 x + 4 + 3 x = 3 x - 13
® ® ® ® ® ®
Þ ( a × b + b × c + c × a ) = -25 . So, value at x = x0 , = a × b + b × c + c × a = 3x - 13
® ® ®® ®® = 3 ´ ( -3) - 13 = -22.
\ | a × b + b × c + c × a |= 25 .
57. (18)
® ® ® ® ® ®
54. (a) Given that a + b + c = 0 Þ b + c = - a i ´ (a ´ i) = (i × i)a - (i × a )i = j + 2k
® ® 2 ® 2 ® ®
Þ | b + c | =| a | = 5 +3 + 2 b× c = 7
2 2 2
Similarly, j ´ (a ´ j) = 2i + 2k ,
® ®
Þ 2 | b | | c | cos q = 49 - 34 = 15 ;
k ´ (a ´ k) = 2i + j
Þ 2 × 5 × 3cos q = 15;
p \ | j + 2k |2 + | 2i + 2k |2 + | 2i + j |2 = 5 + 8 + 5 = 18.
Þ cos q = 1/2; Þ q = = 60
3 rr r r p
55. (b) We know that the volume of parallelopiped 58. (30) b .c = 10 Þ b c cos æç ö÷ = 10
è3ø
= [a b c]
r 1 r
1 1 n Þ 5. c . = 10 Þ c = 4
2
2 4 - n = 158 r
Since, is perpendicular to the vector b ´ cr , then
1 n 3
r r r
a.(b ´ c ) = 0
Þ (12 + n2 ) - 1(6 + n) + n(2n - 4) = 158
r r r r r r æpö
Þ 3n2 - 5n - 152 = 0 Now, a ´ (b ´ c ) = a b ´ c sin ç ÷
è2ø
Þ 3n2 - 24n + 19n - 152 = 0
r r p
Þ 3n(n - 8) + 19(n - 8) = 0 = 3 ´ b c sin ´1
3
-19
Þ n = 8 or n = r r r
3 Hence, a ´ (b ´ c ) = 30.
Þ n=8 (Q n ³ 0) r r r r r r
59. (c) a ´ (b ´ c ) = a ´ (b ´ a )
\ a = i + j + 8k, b = 2i + 4 j - 8k and rr r rr r rr r
Þ -(a.b )c = (a.a )b - (a.b ) a

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 EBD_8344
M-478 Mathematics

r
Þ -4c = 6($i - $j + k$ ) - 4($i - 2 $j - k$ ) i j k
r r 1 1 1 = i - 2 j + k
Þ -4c = 2$i - 2 $j + 2k$ \ ar ´ b =
1 2 3
r 1
Þ c = (i$ + $j + k$ )
r r
2 Now, proection of vector c = 2i + 3 j + k on ar ´ b is
r
Þ b .cr = - 1 r r r
c .(a ´ b ) 2 - 6 + 1 3 3
= r r =
2 =
=
| a´b | 6 2
r r r2 6
60. (d) a + b + c = 0 r r
63. (b) Given, a = 3i + 2 j + xk and b = i - j + k
rr rr rr
3 + 2(a.b + b .c + c .a ) = 0
i j k
r r r r r r -3 -3 r r
(a.b + b .c + c .a ) = Þ l= Now, a ´ b = 3 2 x
2 2
r r r r r r r r r r r r 1 -1 1
d = a ´ b + b ´ (- a - b ) + (- a - b ) ´ a [Q c = -a - b ]
r r r r r r = (2 + x)i + ( x - 3) j - 5k
= a ´b + a ´b + a ´b
r r r r r
d = 3(a ´ b ) | a ´ b | = (2 + x )2 + ( x - 3)2 + (-5)2 = r
r uur uur
61. (c) b =b1 - b2 ...(1) Þr= 4 + x 2 + 4 x + x 2 + 9 - 6 x + 25
uur
Since, b2 is perpendicular to ar .
æ 1ö 1
uur r = 2 x 2 - 2 x + 38 = 2 ç x 2 - x + ÷ + 38 -
\b2 .a = 0 è 4ø 2
uur
Since, b1 is parallel to ar . 2
æ 1 ö 75 75 3
uur r = 2ç x - ÷ + Þ r³ Þr ³5
then b1 = la (say) è 2ø 2 2 2
r r r uur r uur r r r
a.b = a.b1 - a.b2 64. (a) Since, a, b and c are three unit vectors
Þ 5 = la2 Þ 5 = l × 10 (Q | ar |= 10 ) .
r r r
\ | a | = | b | = | c |= 1
uur ar
1
Þl= \ B1 = r r r 1r
2 2 Then, a ´ (b ´ c) = b
r 2
r a
\b1 = r r r r r r 1r
2
uur (a × c) b - (a × b) c = b
2
Cross product with B1 in equation (1)
r uur uur uur r r 1 r r
Þ b´ B1 = - B2 ´ B1 \ a × c = 2 and a × b = 0
r r
r uur uur uur r r b´a
Þ b´ B1 = B1 ´ B2 Þ b1 ´ b 2 = r r 1 r r
2 | a | | c | cos b = and | a | | b | cos a = 0
2
i j k Þ b = 60 and a = 90
uur uuur 1
Þ B1 ´ B 2 = 2 -1 3 Hence, |a – b| = |90 – 60 | = 30
2
3 1 0 r r r r rr 2
65. (a) Q | a ´ c |2 = | a |2 | c |2 – (a.c )

=
1é  
-3i - j (-9) + k(5) ù
1
= é-3i + 9 j + 5k ù r r r
2ë û 2ë û Þ | -b |2 = 2 | c |2 -16 Þ 3 = 2 | c |2 -16
r r
62. (d) Let a = i + j + k and b = i + 2 j + 3k r 19
r r Þ | c |2 =
r
\ vector perpendicular to a and b is ar ´ b
2

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Vector Algebra M-479

66. (b) Suppose angular bisector of A meets BC at D (x, y, z) r r r r

68. (b) Q a + 2b + 2 c = 0 [Given]
Using angular bisector theorem,
r r r r r r r r r
AB BD Þ a + 2 c = – 2b Þ (a + 2c) × (a + 2c) = (– 2b ) (– 2b)
=
AC DC r r r r r r r r r r
Þ a × a + 4c × c + 4a × c = 4b × b Þ 1 + 4 + 4a × c = 4
BD (4 - 2) 2 + (7 - 3) 2 + (8 - 4) 2
= r r –1
Þ a×c =
DC (4 - 2)2 + (7 - 5)2 + (8 - 7)2 4
r r r r r
22 + 4 2 + 4 2 6 Q a × c 2 + a ´ c 2 = 1 ( a is unit vector)
= = =2
2 + 2 +1
2 2 2 3 1 r r2
Þ + a ´ c =1
16
A(4, 7, 8)
r r 2 15 r r 15
Þ a´c = Þ a´c =
16 4
r r
69. (c) Given : a = 2i +  - 2k,
 b = i + 
r
Þ | a |= 3
r r
\ a ´ b = 2i - 2 + k
r r
| a ´ b |= 22 + 22 + 12 = 3
r r r r r r
We have (a ´ b) ´ c = | a ´ b || c | sin 30 n
B (2, 3, 4) D (x, y, z) C (2, 5, 7) r r r r 1 r 1
Þ | (a ´ b) ´ c | = 3| c |. Þ 3 = 3| c |.
2 2
æ (2) (2) + (1) (2) (2) (5) + (1) (3) r
So, D (x, y, z) º ç , , \ |c| =2
è 2 +1 2 +1 r r
Now | c - a | = 3
(2) (7) + (1) (4) ö On squaring, we get
÷ r2 r2 rr rr
2 +1 ø Þ c + a - 2a.c = 9 Þ 4 + 9 – 2 a.c = 9
rr rr rr
æ 6 13 18 ö Þ a.c = 2[Q c.a = a.c ]
D (x, y, z) º ç , , ÷
è3 3 3 ø uur r
uur (b1 × a)a ìï (3 j + 4k).(i + j ) üï æ i + j ö
1 70. (b) b1 = =í ýç ÷
þï è 2 ø
Therefore, position vector of point P = (6i + 13j + 18k) 1 ïî 2
3
r r
67. (a) Q a = i + j + k Þ | a | = 3 3(i + j ) 3(i + j )
= =
r r 2´ 2 2
& c = j – k Þ | c | 2
r r r r
r r b1 + b2 = b
Now, a ´ b = c (Given)
r r r r uur uur 3
Þ a b sin q = c Þ b 2 = b - b1 = (3 j + 4k) - (i + j )
2
r r
Þ a b sin q = 2 ...[i] uur 3 3
r r Þ b2 = - i + j + 4k
Also a × b = 3 2 2
r r
Þ a b cos q = 3 ....[ii]
i j k
Dividing [i] by [ii], we get uur uur 3 3
& b1 ´ b2 = 0
2 2 2 2
tanq = \ sinq =
3 11 3 3
Substituting value of sinq in [i] we get - 4
2 2
r 2 uur uur
= 2 æ 9 9ö
3b Þ b1 ´ b2 = i ( 6) - j ( 6) + k ç - + ÷
11 è 4 4ø
r 11 9
b = Þ 6i - 6 j + k
3 2

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 EBD_8344
M-480 Mathematics
r r r r r r
71. (b) Let; d1 = 8i - 6 j + 0k & d2 = 3i + 4 j - 12k 75. (b) L.H.S = (a ´ b).[(b ´ c) ´ (c ´ a)]
r r r r r r r rr r
i j k = (a ´ b).[(b ´ c. a )c - (b ´ c.c )a ]
r r rrr r r rr
\ d1 ´ d 2 = 8 -6 0 = 72i - ( -96 ) j + 50k = (a ´ b).[[b c a ] c] [Q b ´ c. c = 0]
3 4 -12 r rr r r r rrr 2
= [a b c].(a ´ b. c ) = [a b c ]
Þ d1 ´ d 2 = 16900 = 130 r r r r r r rrr 2
= [a ´ b b ´ c c ´ a ] = [a b c ]
1 1
So l = 1
\ Area of parallelogram = d1 ´ d2 = ´130 = 65 r r
2 2 76. (c) Let x = 3i - 6 j - k , y = i + 4 j - 3k and
r r r r
3 r r z = 3i - 4 j - 12k
72. (b) a ´ (b ´ c) = (b + c)
2 i j k
r r r r r r 3r 3r
Þ (a × c)b - (a × b)c = b+ c r r
2 2 Now, x ´ y = 3 -6 -1 = 22i + 8 j + 18k
On comparing both sides 1 4 -3
r r r r r
r r ( x + y ).( z )
Proection of x ´ y on zr =
3 3
a ×b = - Þ cosq= - r
2 2 |z|
r r
[Q a and b are unit vectors] 22(3) + 8(-4) + 18( -12) -182
= = = – 14
r r 9 + 16 + 144 13
where q is the angle between a and b
Now, magnitude of proection = 14.
5p r
q= 77. (d) Let, c = ai + bj + ck
6 r r
r r r 1 r rr Given, c × (i + 2 j + 5k) = 0
73. (c) (a ´ b) ´ c = b c a
3
r r r 1 r rr i j k
Þ –c ´ (a ´ b) = b c a r
3 Þ a b c = 0
rr r rr r 1 r r r
( ) ( )
Þ – c.b a + c.a b = b c a
3
1 2 5
r r r rr r 1 r rr Þ (5b - 2c)i - (5a - c) j + (2a - b)k = 0i + 0 j + 0k
( )
Þ – b c cos qa + c.a b = b c a
3 Comparing both sides, we get
r r r
Q a, b, c are non collinear, the above equation is 5b – 2c = 0; 5a – c = 0; 2a – b = 0
possible only when or 5b = 2c; 5a = c; 2a = b
1 rr r
– cosq = and c.a = 0 Also given | c |2 = 60 Þ a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 60
3
1 Putting the value of b and c in above eqn., we get
Þ cosq = –
3 a 2 + (2a) 2 + (5a)2 = 60
2 2 2
Þ sinq =
2 2
; qÎ II quad Þ a + 4a + 25a = 60 Þ 30a2 = 60
3 2
a =2
r r
74. (a) a + b = 3 a= ± 2;b= 2 2;c= 5 2
r r r
angle between a and b is 60 . Now, c = ai + bj + ck
r r r r r
a ´ b is ^ r to plane containing a and b \ c = 2i + 2 2 j + 5 2k
r r r r r r
c = a + 2b + 3(a ´ b) Value of c . ( -7i + 2 j + 3k) is
r
c=
2 r2 r2 r r r r
a + 4 b + 2.2 a cos 60°n1 + 3 a b sin 60°n 2 ( )(
2i + 2 2 j + 5 2k . -7i + 2 j + 3k )
r r r = -7 2 + 4 2 + 15 2 = 12 2
+3 a b sin 60°.n 2 ® ®
r r 78. (d) a = 2i + j - 2k, b = i + j
n1 ^ r n 2 ®
Þ | a |=3
r2 3 r2
c = (1 + 4 + 2 ) + 9 ´ Þ c = 7 + 27 / 4 = 55 / 4
4 ® ® i j k
r and a ´ b = 2 1 -2 = 2i - 2 j + k
2 c = 55
1 1 0

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Vector Algebra M-481

® ® rrr
therefore [a b c ] = 0
| a ´ b |= 4 + 4 + 1 = 3
® ® ® ®
Now, | c - a | = 2 2 Þ | c - a |2 = 8 1 2 l
® ® ® ® i.e., -2 3 1 =0
Þ | c - a |. (c - a) = 8
® ® ® ®
3 -1 2l - 1
Þ | c |2 + | a |2 - 2 c . a = 8 Þ 1(6l – 2) – 2 (– 4l – 1) + l(–7) = 0
® ® Þ (6l – 2) + 8l + 2 + 2 + 2l – 9l = 0
Þ | c |2 + 9 - 2 | c | = 8
® ®
Þ 7l = 0 Þ l = 0
rr r
Þ (| c | -1)2 = 0 Þ | c | = 1 84. (c) Given that a.b ¹ 0 , ar.d = 0
® ® ® ® ® ®
r r r r
1 3 Now, b ´ c = b ´ d
\ | ( a ´ b ) ´ c | = | a ´ b | | c | sin 30° = 3 ´ 1 ´ =
2 2 r r r r r r
r r r r r r Þ a ´ (b ´ c ) = a ´ (b ´ d )
79. (c) (i ´ a × b )i + ( j ´ a × b ) j + (k ´ a × b )k r r r r r r r r r r r r
Þ ( a . c )b - ( a . b ) c = ( a . d ) b - ( a . b ) d
r r r r r r r r r rr r rr r
= (i × a ´ b )i + ( j × a ´ b ) j + (k × a ´ b )k Þ (a.b )d = -(a.c )b + (a .b )c
r r r r r r
(Q a ´ b × c = a × b ´ c ) r r æ ar.cr ö r
r r r r r r r r d = c - ç r r ÷b
= (a ´ b )i + ( a ´ b ) j + (a ´ b )k = a ´ b è a.b ø
r r r r r
( r
)
80. (c) Statement - 1
r r r 85. (d) (2a - b). (a ´ b ) ´ (a + 2b )
The vectors a , b and c lie in the same plane.
r r r r r r r r r r r
Þ a , b and c are coplanar.. = (2a - b ) × ((a ´ b ) ´ a + 2(a ´ b ) ´ b )
We know, the necessary and sufficient conditions for r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
= (2a - b )((a . a )b - (a . b )a + 2(a . b )b - 2(b . b )a )
r rr
three vectors to be coplanar is that [ a bc ] = 0 r r r r
r r r = (2 a - b )(b - 0 + 0 - 2 a )
i.e. a × (b ´ c ) = 0
From given values we get
Hence, statement-1 is true.
r r r r r
r a .b = 0 and b . b = 1
81. (b) Let u = j + 4k , v = i - 3k and rr rr
ur = -4 a.a - b .b = -5
w = cos qi + sin qj
86. (d) Given that
i j k r r r rr r r r rr
r r c = b ´ a Þ b . c = b .(b ´ a ) Þ b . c = 0
Now, u ´ v = 0 1 4 = i ( -3) - j ( -4) + k ( -1)
1 0 -3 ( )( )
Þ b1i + b2 j + b3 k . i - j - k = 0,
r
= -3i + 4 j - k where b = b1i + b2 j + b3 k
r r ur
( ) ( )(
Now, u ´ v × w = -3i + 4 j - k . cos qi + sin qj ) b1 - b2 - b3 = 0
r r
...(i)
= – 3 cosq + 4 sinq and a.b = 3 Þ ( j - k ).(b1i + b2 j + b3 k) = 3
Now, maximum possible value of Þ b2 - b3 = 3
From equation (i)
-3cos q + 4sin q = ( -3)2 + ( 4 )2 = 25 = 5
b1 = b2 + b3 = (3 + b3 ) + b3 = 3 + 2b3
82. (a) Statement - 1 r
b = (3 + 2b3 )i + (3 + b3 ) j + b3 k
Points (1, 2, 2), (2, 1, 2), (2, 2, z) and (1, 1, 1) are coplanar From the option given, it is clear that b3 equal to either
then z = 2 which is false. 2 or –2.
r
1 -1 0 If b3 = 2 then b = 7i + 5 j + 2k which is not possible
r
Q1 0 z-2 = 0 If b3 = -2, then b = -i + j - 2k
r r r
0 -1 -1 87. (d) Q u , v , w are non coplanar vectors
r r r
Þ 1(z – 2) + 1 (– 1) = 0 Þ z = 3 \ [ u , v , w] ¹ 0
Statement - 2 is the true statement. r r r r r r
r r Now, [ 3u , pv , p w] –[ pv , p w, qu ]
83. (a) Since a = i - 2 j + 3k , b = 2i + 3 j - k and r r r
r – [ 2 w, qv , qu ] = 0
c = li + j + ( 2l - 1) k are coplanar

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 EBD_8344
M-482 Mathematics
r r r r r r
Þ 3 p2 [ u , v , w] – pq [ v , w, u ] = 1 - y + x 2 - x2 + y = 1
r r r rrr
– 2q2 [ w, v , u ] = 0 Hence éë a b c ùû is independent of x and y both.
r r r r r r r r r
Þ 3 p2 [ u , v , w] - pq [ u , v , w] + 2q 2 [ u , v , w ] r
92. (b) Let a = a1$i + a2 $j + a3k
r r r
Þ (3 p2 – pq + 2q2) [ u , v , w ] = 0 r
b = b $i + b $j + b k
1 2 3
Þ 3p2 – pq + 2q2 = 0
r r r r
(Q [ u , v , w ] = 0) c = c1i$ + c2 $j + c3k
Given that
q 2 7 q2 r r r r
Þ 2p2 + p2 – pq +
4
+
4
=0
( )
é l ar + b l 2 b lcr ù = é ar b + cr b ù
ë û ë û
2
æ qö 7 2
Þ 2p2 + ç p - ÷ + q = 0 l ( a1 + b1 ) l ( a2 + b2 ) l ( a3 + b3 )
è 2ø 4
Þ p = 0, q = 0, p = q / 2 Þ l 2b1 l 2 b2 l 2 b3
This is possible only when p = 0, q = 0 lc1 lc2 lc3
\ There is exactly one value of (p, q).
r r a1 a2 a3
88. (b) Given a = i + j + k , b = $i - $j + 2k$ and = b1 + c1 b 2 + c2 b3 + c3
r
c = xi$ + ( x - 2) $j - k$ b1 b2 b3
r r r r r r
Given that c lies in the plane of a and b , then a, b and c a1 + b1 a2 + b2 a3 + b3
are coplanar Þl b1 4
b2 b3
rrr
\ [a b c ] = 0 c1 c2 c3
1 1 1
a1 a2 a3
i.e. 1 -1 2 =0
= b1 + c1 b2 + c2 b3 + c3
x ( x - 2) -1
b1 b2 b3
Þ 1[1 – 2(x – 2)] – 1[– 1 – 2x] + 1[x – 2 + x] = 0
Þ 1 – 2x + 4 + 1 + 2x + 2x – 2 = 0 R1 ® R1 - R2 in 1st det.
Þ 2x = –4 Þ x = – 2 and R2 ® R2 - R3 in 2nd det.
89. (b) Given that | 2u ´ 3v | = 1 and q is acute angle
a1 a2 a3 a1 a2 a3
between u and v , | u | = 1, | v | = 1
Þ l 4 b1 b2 b3 = c1 c2 c3
Þ | 2u ´ 3v | = 6 | u | | v | | sin q | = 1 c1 c2 c3 b1 b2 b3
1 4
Þ 6 | sin q | = 1 Þ sin q = Þ l = -1
6 Hence l has no real values.
Hence, there is exactly one value of q for which r r r r
93. (c) Let a = xi + yj + zk
2 u × 3 v is a unit vector.. r
r r r r r2
90. (d) ( a ´ b ) ´ c = a ´ ( b ´ c ) , a .b ¹ 0 , b . c ¹ 0 a ´ i = zj - yk Þ a ´ i = y 2 + z 2
r r2 r r2 2 2
Þ (a . c ). b - ( b . c )a = (a .c ). b - (a . b ).c Similarly, a ´ j = x 2 + z 2 and a ´ k = x + y
Þ (a . b ).c = ( b . c ) a Þ a || c . Adding all above equation
r r2 r r2 r r2
91. (d) Given that Þ a ´i + a´ j + a´k
r r
a = i - k, b = xi + j + (1 - x)k and r2
r = 2( x 2 + y 2 + z 2 ) = 2 a
c = yi + xj + (1 + x - y )k
r r r 1 r r r
1 0 -1 94. (a) Given that (a ´ b ) ´ c = | b || c | a
r rr r r r r r 3
\ [a b c ] = a.(b ´ c ) = x 1 1- x Clearly a and b are non collinear
y x 1+ x - y rr r rr r 1 r r r
Þ (a.c )b - (b .c )a = | b | | c | a
= 1[1 + x - y - x + x 2 ] - [ x 2 - y ] 3
Comparing both side.

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Vector Algebra M-483

rr rr 1 r r
\ a.c = 0 and - b.c = | b || c | i j k
3 r r r
99. (b) We have a ´ b = 3 -5 0 = 39k = c
-1
Þ cos q = 6 3 0
3
r r r
1 2 2 Also | a |= 34,| b |= 45, | c |= 39 ;
\ sin q = 1 - = r r r
9 3 \ | a |:| b |:| c |= 34 : 45 : 39 .
r r
[q is acute angle between b and c ] r r r
r r r r r r r 100. (a) Given that a , c , b form a right handed system,
95. (c) (u + v - w).(u - v ) ´ (v - w) i j k
r r r r r r r r r r r r
= (u + v - w).(u ´ v - u ´ w - v ´ v + v ´ w) \ cr = b ´ ar = 0 1 0 = zi - xk
r r r r r r r r r r r
= (u + v - w).(u ´ v - u ´ w + v ´ w) [Q v ´ v = 0] x y z
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
= u.(u ´ v ) - u.(u ´ w) + u.(v ´ w) + v .(u ´ v ) 101. (a) [a ´ b b ´ c c ´ a]
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
-v .(u ´ w) + v .(v ´ w) - w.(u ´ v ) + w.(u ´ w) - w.(v ´ w)
r r r
= (a ´ b). { }r
(b ´ c ) ´ ( c ´ a )
r r r r r r r r
We know that [ a, a, b ] = 0
r r r r r r r r r Q a ´ (b ´ c) = (a × c) b - (a × b) c
= u.(v ´ w) - v .(u ´ w) - w.(u ´ v ) r r ur r r ur r r ur r r
rrr rr r r rr r r r
= [uvw)] + [vwu )] - [ wuv ] = u.(v ´ w) r r r
{
= ( a ´ b) × ( m × a ) c - ( m × c ) a )
r r r
} (where m = b ´ c )
r rr
96. (b) Normal vector of the face OAB = {(a ´ b) × c} ×{(a × (b ´ c)} = [a b c ]2 = 42 = 16 .
r r r r p 3
i j k 102. (b) Since, a × b = | a || b | cos = 4 ´ 2 ´ =4 3.
uuur uuur 6 2
= OA ´ OB = 1 2 1 = 5i - j - 3k
2 1 3 r r r r r r
We know that, (a ´ b)2 + (a × b)2 = | a |2 | b |2
Normal vector of the face ABC r r 2
Þ (a ´ b) + 48 = 16 ´ 4
i j k r r 2
uuur uuur Þ (a ´ b) = 16
= AB ´ AC = 1 -1 2 = i - 5 j - 3k 103. (a) Let B be the top of the wall whose coordinates will be
-2 -1 1 (a, b). Range (R) = c

Angle between the faces = angle between their normals u B (a,b)

5+5+9 19 æ 19 ö
cos q = = or q = cos -1 ç ÷ b
35 35 35 è 35 ø a
A C
r rr a D
97. (a) Given that u .n = 0 and v .n = 0 c
r r r
Þ n is perpendicular both u and v , B lies on the traectory
r r
u´n 1 x2
\ n = r r \ y = x tan a – g 2
| u || n | 2 u cos 2 a
i j k 1 a2
Þ b = a tan a – g 2
1 1 0 2 u cos 2 a
1 -1 0 -2k é ga ù
n = = = -k Þ b = a tan a ê1 - ú
2´ 2 2 ë 2u 2 cos2 a tan a û
r
w.n = (i + 2 j + 3k ).(- k ) = -3 = 3 é a ù
= a tan a ê1 - 2
r r r r r r r r r r a
ú
98. (c) Let a + b + c = r . Then a ´ (a + b + c ) = a ´ r ê 2 u
cos 2 a.
sin ú
r r r r r r ëê g cos a ûú
Þ0+a´b +a´c =a ´r
r r r r r r r r r é a ù
Þ a ´b -c ´a = a ´r Þ a ´r =0 1- 2
r r r r = a tan a ê ú
[Q a ´ b = c ´ a ] ê u .2sin a cos a ú
r r r r r r êë g úû
Similarly b ´ r = 0 & c ´ r = 0
r r
Above three conditions can be hold if and only if r = 0

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 EBD_8344
M-484 Mathematics

é a ù We know that R2 = P2 + Q2 + 2PQ cos a

1- Þ (7)2 = P2 + (3)2 + 2 × P × 3 cos a
= a tan a ê u 2 sin 2a ú
ê ú Þ 49 = P2 + 9 + 6P cos a
êë g úû Þ 40 = P2 + 6P cos a .....(i)
æ u 2 sin 2 a ö ( )
2
é aù and 19 = P2 + (–3)2 + 2P × –3 cos a
= a tan a ê1 - ú çQ R = ÷
ë Rû è g ø Þ 19 = P2 + 9 – 6P cos a
é aù Þ 10 = P2 – 6P cos a .....(ii)
Þ b = a tan a ê1 - ú Adding (i) and (ii) 50 = 2P2
ë cû Þ P2 = 25 Þ P = 5n.
æ c - aö
Þ b = a tan a . ç
è c ÷ø
1
106. (a) We know that h = gt 2
2
bc 1
Þ tan a = and h + 400 = g (t + 4) 2
a(c - a) 2
The angle of proection,
bc
a = tan–1
a(c - a) h
104. (a) A
Q(t)
q 13
m 400m
M
12m P(t+4)
B
Subtracting, we get 400 = 8g + 4gt
q 9 0 –q Þ t = 8 sec
T1
1
C 5m \ h = ´ 10 ´ 64 = 320m
2
13 kg \ Required height = 320 + 400 = 720 m
107. (b) Let two velocities u and u at an angle q to each
In D ABC other the resultant is given by
Q 132 = 5 2 + 122 Þ AB2 = AC2 + BC2
Þ ÐACB = 90° D C
M is mid point of the hypotenuse AB, therefore MA = MB
= MC
u R
Þ ÐA = ÐACM = q
Applying Lami’s theorem at C, we get E
q/2 q/4 R¢
u/2
T1
=
T2
=
13kg q/2 q/4
A
sin(180 - q) sin(90 + q) sin 90° u B
Þ T1 = 13 sin q and T2 = 13 cos q R2 = u2 + u2 + 2u2 cosq = 2u2 (1 + cos q)
q
5 12 Þ R 2 = 4u 2 cos 2 q / 2 or R = 2u cos
Þ T1 = 13 ´ and T2 = 13 ´ 2
13 13 Now in second case, the new resultant AE (i.e., R¢)
Þ T1 = 5 kg and T2 = 12 kg bisects ÐCAB , therefore using angle bisector theorem
105. (c) Given that : Force P = Pn, Q = 3n, resultant R = 7n &
in DABC , we get
P¢ = Pn, Q¢ = (–3)n, R¢ = 19 n AB BE u u/2
= Þ = ÞR=u
AC EC R u/2
q
Ö19 P Þ 2u cos = u
7 2
a q 1 q
Þ cos = = cos 60° Þ = 60°
2 2 2
–3 3 or q = 120°

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Vector Algebra M-485

108. (d) According to question F ' = 3F cos q and 12 + 5 17

F = 3F sin q F \ Average speed = =
4 4
3F
12 2 + 5 2 13
Þ F'= 2 2F Average velocity = =
4 4
Þ F : F ' :: 3 : 2 2 . F' 114. (d) Let I is incentre of DABC.
109. (b) Let A and B be displaced by a distance x then Change \ IA, IB, IC are bisectors of the angles A, B and C.
in moment of (A + B) = applied moments
B C A
H Now ÐBIC = 180 - - = 90° + etc.
Þ ( A + B) ´ x = H Þ x = 2 2 2
A+ B Applying Lami’s theorem at I
110. (d) As per question u cos 60° = v cos 30° A
(as hori ontal component of velocity remains the same)
1 3 1
Þ u× = v× or v = u
2 2 3 P
Y
I
o A R
o
60 30 o 90+
u
30°
vcos30 Q 2
v B C
60°
o
30
X
ucos60o P Q R
O = =
sin(90° +
A æ Bö æ Cö
111. (b) For same hori ontal range the angles of proection
)sin ç 90° + ÷ sin ç 90° + ÷
2 è 2 ø è 2ø
p A B C
must be a and -a Þ P : Q : R = cos : cos : cos
2 2 2 2
r
2u sin a 115. (c) Since, the moment about A is ero, hence F passes
\ t1 = .... (i)
through A. Taking A as origin. Let the line of action of force
g r
æp ö F be y = mx . (see figure)
2u sin ç - a ÷
è2 ø 2u cos a r
t2 = = .... (ii)
Moment about B =
3m
| F |= 9 ....(1)
g g
1 + m2
Squaring and adding eqn. (i) and (ii), Y
4u 2
\ t12 + t22 =
g2 C(0,4)
F
1
112. (a) Given v = m/s, component along OB
4 (y = mx)
1 1
´
v sin 30° 6- 2
= = 4 2 =
sin(45° + 30°) 3 +1 8 A B(3,0)
2 2 4 r
Moment about C= | F |= 16....(2)
113. (d) Time taken by the particle in complete ourney
1 + m2
12 5 Dividing (1) by (2), we get
T = + = 4 hr.
4 5 3 v
m = Þ| F |= 5 N .
4
116. (c) Let forces be P and Q. then P + Q = 4 ....(1)
2
and P + Q = 3 2 2 ....(2)
5 km Solving eqns. (1) and (2), we get the forces
æ 2ö æ 2ö
ç 2 + 2 ÷ N and ç 2 - 2 ÷ N
è ø è ø
A 12km B

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 EBD_8344
M-486 Mathematics

117. (d) Resultant of forces

r 2h
F = 4i + j - 3k + 3i + j - k = 7i + 2 j - 4k \ We get R = u ...(1)
g
Displacement
r When the stone proected at an angle q, for hori ontal and
d = 5i + 4 j + k - (i + 2 j + 3k) = 4i + 2 j - 2k vertical motions, we have
r r u
\ Work done = F .d = 28 + 4 + 8 = 40
q
118. (a) Let b be the inclination of the plane to the hori ontal
and u be the velocity of proection of the proectile

u2 u2
We have R1 = and R2 = h
g (1 + sin b) g (1 - sin b)
Adding above equations

1 1 2g 1 1 2 é u2 ù
+ = or + = êQ R = ú R
R1 R2 u 2 R1 R2 R êë g úû R = u cos q ´ t ....(2)
\ R1, R, R2 are in H.P. and h = -u sin q ´ t +
1 2
gt ....(3)
r 2
119. (a) Let the two velocities be v1 = ui$ and From eqns. (1) and (2) we get
r
v = ( ft cos a ) i$ + ( ft sin a ) $j
2
2h
ft u = u cos q ´ t
g

1 2h
Þ t=
cos q g
a Putting the value of t in eq (3) we get
u
\ u sin q 2h 1 é 2 h ù
Relative velocity of second with respect to first h=- + gê ú
r r r cos q g 2 êë g cos 2 q úû
v = v - v = ( ft cos a - u )i$ + ft sin a $j
2 1
r2 2h
Þ v = ( ft cos a - u )2 + ( ft sin a )2 h = -u tan q + h sec 2 q
2 2 2 g
= f t + u - 2uft cos a
r 2h
For v to be min and max. we should have h = -u tan q + h tan 2 q + h
g
2
dv
= 0 Þ 2 f 2t - 2uf cos a = 0 2 2
dt tan 2 q - u tan q = 0; \ tan q = u
u cos a hg hg
Þ t=
f 121. (a) Let the body travels from A to B with constant
d2 v
2 acceleration t and from B to C with constant
Also = 2 f 2 = + ve retardation r.
dt 2 x y
2
u cos a A t1 B t2 C
\ v and hence v is least at the time
f If AB = x, BC = y, time taken from A to B = t1 and time taken
120. (a) Given that the stone proected hori ontally. For from B to C = t2, then s = x + y and t = t1 + t2
hori ontal motion, For the motion from A to B
Distance = speed × time Þ R = ut
v 2 = u 2 + 2 fs Þ v 2 = 2 fx (Q u = 0 )
and for vertical motion u
v2
1 2 Þ x= ....(1)
h = 0´t + gt 2f
2 and v = u + ft Þ v= ft1
h v
2h Þ t1 = ...(2)
Þ t= f
g For the motion from B to C
v 2 = u 2 + 2 fs
R

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Vector Algebra M-487

v2 r r
Þ 0 =v2 – 2ry Þ y = ...(3) G = r p sin q .....(1)
2r r r
and v = u + ft Þ 0 = v – rt2 H = r p cos q .....(2)
r r
Þ t2 =
v x = r p sin(q + a ) .....( 3)
r r r
Adding equations (1) and (3), we get From (1),
r (2) r &r(3), x = G cos a + H sin a .
v2 é 1 1 ù r F = F1 + F2 = 7i + r2 j - 4k
124. (d) r
x+ y = + =s d = Positon Vector of B – Position Vector of A
2 êë f r úû = 4i + 2 j - 2k
Adding equations (2) and (4), we get r r
W = F .d = 28 + 4 + 8 = 40 unit
é 1 1ù 125. (b) From figure ÐTQW = 180 – q; ÐRQW = 2q ;
t1 + t 2 = v ê + ú = t
ë f rû Ð RQT = 180 – q
2 P
é 1 1ù
v2 ê + ú
t2 ë f rû = 1 + 1 q T
\ =
2s v2 æ 1 1 ö f r O q
2´ ç + ÷ q
2 è f rø Q
90–2q
æ 1 1ö R
Þ t = 2s ç + ÷
è f rø w
2 2 2 Applying Lami's theorem at Q.
122. (c) R = P + Q + 2 PQ cos q .... (1)
ur ur T R W
= =
When Q and R are doubled sin 2q sin(180 - q) sin(180 - q)
4R 2 = P 2 + 4Q 2 + 4 PQ cos q .... (2) Þ R = W and T = 2W cos q
ur ur 126. (a) Given that P + Q = 18 .......(1)
When Q is reversed and R is doubled We know that
4 R 2 = P 2 + Q 2 - 2 PQ cos q .... (3) P2 + Q2 + 2PQ cos a = 144 ......(2)
Q sin a
Adding (1) and (3), 5R 2 = 2 P 2 + 2Q 2 tan 90 =
P + Q cos a
Þ 2 P 2 + 2Q 2 - 5 R 2 = 0 .... (4)
Applying (3) ´ 2 + (2), 12 R 2 = 3 P 2 + 6Q 2 R=12
Q
Þ 3P + 6Q - 12R = 0
2 2 2 ....(5)
From (4) and (5) a
P2 Q2 R2
= = P
-24 + 30 24 - 15 12 - 6 Þ P + Q cos a = 0 ......(3)
P 2 Q2 R 2 From (2) and (3),
= = or P 2 : Q 2 : R 2 = 2 : 3 : 2 Q2 – P2 = 144 Þ (Q – P) (Q + P) = 144
6 9 6
r r r r r r 144
123. (c) We know that G = r ´ p ; G = r p sin q \ Q-P= =8
18
r r r
H = r p cos q éQ sin(90o + q) = cos qù From (1), On solving, we get Q = 13, P = 5
ë û

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