National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 461

BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2002

Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 40
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer all the questions from
part A, any three from Part B and any two from Part C.]
Part B - Short Questions (5 × 3 = 15 marks)
2. (a) Define the term mutually exclusive.
(b) Describe in brief with examples the four levels of measurement.
3. (a) What is a histogram? Explain with an example.
(b) A set of data consists of 230 observations that range from Tk 235 to Tk 567. What
class interval would you recommend?
4. (a) What is mean by dispersion? Explain briefly different methods of dispersion.
(b) Mention the properties of a good measures of dispersion.
5. (a) What are the usual measures of central tendency? Which of them do you prefer and why?
(b) Briefly explain the concept of skewness and kurtosis of a frequency distribution.
Part C – Broad Questions (10 × 2 = 20 marks)
6. (a) Discuss the concepts of correlation and regression.
(b) Determine the value of ‘r’ from the following data:
X 2 4 3 8 6 5 6 7 5 4
Y 15 20 16 6 14 12 12 9 11 15
(c) Interpret the following levels of ‘r’:
r = – 0.8; r = 0.09; r = 0; r = +1.
7. The manager of a departmental store selected several cash register receipts at random.
The amount spent by customer were Tk 12, Tk 15, Tk 16, Tk 10 and Tk 27. Compute:
(i) the range
(ii) the mean deviation
(iii) the sample variance
(iv) the sample standard deviation.
8. Below are the price of toothpaste (9 oz), shampoo (7 oz), cough tablets (package of
100), and antiperspirant (2 oz) for August 1996 and August 1999. Also included are the
quantity purchased. Use August 1996 as the base:
August 1996 August 1999
Items Price Quantity Price Quantity
Toothpaste 2.49 6 2.69 6
Shampoo 3.29 4 3.59 5
Cough Tablets 1.59 2 1.79 3
Antiperspirant 1.79 3 2.29 4
(a) Determine the simple price relatives.
(b) Determine the simple aggregate price indexes for the two years.
(c) Determine Laspeyres’ price index.
462 Business Statistics–I
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2003
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 40
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer all the questions from
part A, any three from Part B and any two from Part C.]
Part B - Short Questions (5 × 3 = 15 marks)
2. (a) What is the basic difference between Descriptive and Inferential Statistics?
(b) How is qualitative variable different from quantitative variable?
3. The ages of the sample of the students attending the School of Business this semester
are:
19 17 15 20 23 41 33 21 18 20 18 33 32 29 24
19 18 20 17 22 55 19 22 25 28 30 44 19 20 39
Construct a Relative Frequency Distribution with intervals 15-19, 20-24, 25-29,
30-34, and 35 and older.
4. (a) What is linear regression? When is it used?
(b) The coefficient of rank correlation of the marks obtained by 10 students in statistics
and accountancy was found to be 80. It was later discovered that the difference in ranks
in the two subjects obtained by one of the students was wrongly take as 7 instead of 9.
Find the correct coefficient of rank correlation.
5. (a) What is an index number? Discuss the use of index number in business.
(b) Calculate the index number by Fisher’s methods:
Commodity p1 q1 po qo
A 5 14 3 8
B 8 18 6 25
C 3 25 1 40
D 15 36 12 48
E 9 14 7 18

Part C – Broad Questions (10 × 2 = 20 marks)

6. (a) What is dispersion? What are the requisites of a good measure of dispersion?
(b) For two firms A and B belonging to same industry, the following details are
available:
Firm A Firm B
Number of employees 100 200
Average wages per week Tk 240 Tk 170
Standard deviation of the wages per week Tk 6 Tk 8
Find which firm pays out larger amount as weekly wages.
(c) Which firm shows greater variability in the distribution of wages and which firm is
better and why?
7. (a) An MBA applies for a job in two firms X and Y, the probability of his being
selected in firm X is 0.7 and being rejected at Y is 0.5. The probability of at least one of
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 463
his application being rejected is 0.6. What is the probability that he will be selected in
one of the firms?
(b) Econocon is planning its company picnic. The only thing that will cancel the
picnic is a thunderstorm. The Weather Service has predicted dry conditions with
probability 0.2, moist conditions with probability 0.45 and wet conditions with
probability 0.35. If the probability of conditions is 0.8, what is the probability of
thunderstorm? If we know the picnic was indeed cancelled, what is the probability moist
conditions were in effect?
8. (a) Distinguish between correlation and regression.
(b) Explain:
r = + 1.0, r = – 1.0 and r = 0.
(c) You are provided with the following set of data:
Advertising Expenditure Sales
(X) in Tk lakh (Y) in Tk lakh
5 10
4 8
3 3
4 8
5 7
(i) Find out coefficient of determination.
(ii) Estimate the regression equation that best fits the data.
(iii) Also estimate the sales when advertising expenditure is Tk 20 lakh.
464 Business Statistics–I
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2004
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 60
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer any four from Part A
and any four from Part B.]

Part A - Short Questions (5 × 4 = 20 marks)

1. (a) ‘Statistics is the science of average’ – Explain.
(b) How does statistics help a manager?
2. (a) Distinguish between primary data and secondary data.
(b) Discuss the relationship among mean, median and mode.
3. The profits (in lakh taka) of 30 companies for the year 2003-2004 are given below:
20 22 35 42 37 42 48 53 49 65
39 48 67 18 16 23 37 35 49 63
65 55 45 58 57 69 25 29 58 65
Classify the above data taking a suitable class-interval.
4. (a) ‘Arithmetic mean is the best measure of central tendency’ – Explain.
(b) State the properties of a good measure of variation.
5. (a) Distinguish between correlation and regression.
(b) State the elements of trend analysis.

Part B – Broad Questions (10 × 4 = 40 marks)

6. (a) What is dispersion? State the significance of measuring of dispersion.
(b) From the following frequency distribution, calculate median and mode. Of these
two, which one do you think better? Why?
Frequency Distribution Table
Class Frequency (f)
10 – 19.5 8
20 – 29.5 15
30 – 39.5 23
40 – 49.5 37
50 – 59.5 46
60 – 69.5 52
70 – 79.5 84
80 – 89.5 97
90 – 99.5 16
100 or over 5
N = 383

7. (a) What is correlation? State the characteristics of correlation.

 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 465
(b) A computer while calculating the correlation coefficient between the variables x
and y obtained following results:
N = 30, x = 120, x2 = 600, y = 90, y2 = 250, xy = 335.
It was, however, later discovered at the time of checking that it had copied down two
pairs of observations as:
X Y
8 10
12 7
While the correct values were
X Y
8 12
10 8
Obtain the correct value of the correction coefficient between x and y.
8. (a) Explain the concept of regression and point-out its usefulness in dealing with
business problems.
(b) Obtain the regression equations from the data given below:
X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Y 9 8 10 12 11 13 14 16 15
Plot the regression equations on a graph paper and determine X and Y . Also
calculate the value of correction coefficient.
9. (a) What is an index number? Describe briefly its applications in business and industry.
(b) Construct Fisher’s Ideal Index from the following data and show that it satisfies
time reversal and factor reversal tests:
2000 2001
Commodity Price Value Price Value
A 10 100 12 144
B 15 75 20 120
C 8 80 10 110
D 20 65 25 50
E 50 500 60 540
10. (a) What is time series analysis? State the role of time series analysis.
(b) Given below are the figures of production (in million tones) of a cement factory:
Year 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Production 77 88 94 85 91 98 90
(i) Fit a straight-line trend by the least squares method.
(ii) Estimate the trend value for the year 2010.
466 Business Statistics–I
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2005
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 70
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer all the questions from
part A, any four from Part B and any four from Part C.]

Part B - Short Questions (5 × 4 = 20 marks)

2. (a) Define weighted arithmetic mean. Discuss the importance of weighted arithmetic
mean in statistics.
(b) What are the differences between histogram and frequency polygon?
3. The earning of 39 firms for the year 2004-2005 are given below (in lakh taka):
30 42 30 54 40 48 15 17 51 42 35 41 30
27 42 36 28 26 37 54 44 31 36 40 36 22
30 31 19 48 16 42 32 21 22 40 33 41 21
Classify the above data taking a suitable class-interval.
4. (a) What are the objectives of central tendency?
(b) Mention the desirable qualities of a good measure of central tendency.
5. (a) What are the differences between absolute and relative measures of dispersion?
(b) Discuss the properties of different measures of dispersion.
6. (a) Define the coefficient of correlation. Write down its properties.
(b) Distinguish between positive and negative correlation with example.

Part C – Broad Questions (10 × 4 = 40 marks)

7. (a) Define arithmetic mean, median and mode.
(b) Given below is the frequency distribution of the marks obtained by 90 students.
Compute the arithmetic mean, median and mode:
Marks No. of Students Marks No. of Students
20 – 29 02 60 – 69 18
30 – 39 12 70 – 79 10
40 – 49 15 80 – 89 09
50 – 59 20 90 – 99 04
8. (a) Briefly explain the concept of skewness and kurtosis of a frequency distribution.
(b) You are given the following data pertaining to kilowatt hours of electricity
consumed by 100 persons in Dhaka:
Consumption 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
(In k-watt hours)
No. of users 6 25 36 20 13
Calculate: (i) Arithmetic mean; (ii) Standard deviation; (iii) Coefficient of skewness.

9. (a) Discuss the importance of regression analysis in business.

(b) Calculate coefficient of correlation from the following data:
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 467
x 330 360 320 420 400
y 1400 1450 1200 1300 1350
10. (a) Explain clearly the different components into which a time series may be
analyzed.
(b) Given below are the figures of production (in million tones) of a cement factory:
Year 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Production 77 88 94 85 91 98 90
(i) Fit a straight-line trend by the least squares method.
(ii) Estimate the trend value for the year 2010.
11. (a) Mention the uses of standard deviation.
(b) The demand of a commodity in two different towns are given below:
Town A 36 42 18 35 48 62
Town B 38 28 25 42 37 40
In which town, the demand condition is more stable and why?
12. Write down notes on any two of the following:
(a) Questionnaire;
(b) Kurtosis;
(c) Ogive;
(d) Frequency table;
(e) t-test.
468 Business Statistics–I
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2006
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 70
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer all the questions from
part A, any four from Part B and any four from Part C.]
Part B - Short Questions (5 × 4 = 20 marks)
2. (a) Discuss the limitations of statistics.
(b) Distinguish between primary and secondary data.
3. (a) What are the difference between correlation and regression?
(b) Interpret: r = – 1; r = 0, r = 0.785; r = – .05.
4. A frequency distribution has 15 as the mid-value of the first class and all classes are of
equal size 6. If the cumulative frequencies of the various classes are 2, 23, 43, 57, 70 and
72 respectively. Find the original frequency distribution and hence find mean of
distribution.
5. (a) Distinguish between raw and central moments.
(b) Find the first two central moments from the following data and hence find
coefficient variation: 10, 5, 0, – 4, – 1, 6.
6. (a) What are the different measures of dispersion? Why standard deviation is
considered to be the best measure of dispersion?
(b) Distinguish between positive and negative correlation with example.
7. Write short notes on any two of the following:
(i) Trend;
(ii) Moving Average;
(iii) Geometric Mean.
Part C – Broad Questions (10 × 4 = 40 marks)
8. (a) State the various ways of presenting a frequency distribution graphically and
discuss one of them.
(b) You are given the following frequency distribution regarding annual profits in
thousands taka of 115 firms:
Profit (000 Tk) No. of firms
25 – 30 5
30 – 35 16
35 – 40 26
40 – 45 30
45 – 50 20
50 – 55 12
55 – 60 6
Construct less than and more than ogive curve and hence find the number of firms
having profit between Tk 32500 and Tk 52500.
9. (a) Why the concept time series is crucial?
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 469
(b) Calculate the trend values by the method of least square and estimate the profit
of 2002:
Year 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Profit (lakh Tk) 60 72 75 65 80 85 95
10. (a) Define measure of dispersion and state its merits Standard deviation, Mean
deviation.
(b) An analysis of monthly wages paid to workers in two firms A and B, belonging to
the same industry, gives the following results:
Firm A Firm B
No. of wage earners 500 650
Average monthly wages (in Tk) 3000 3500
S.D. of wages 10 12
(i) In which firm A or B has there greater variability in individual wages?
(ii) Find average monthly wages and variance of the wages of all the workers in the
two firms taken together.
11. Calculate the regression equation of X on Y and plot the regression equation on a
graph paper:
Husband’s age (X) 26 28 30 31 35
Wife’s age (Y) 20 27 28 30 25
12. (a) What is time series analysis? Discuss any one component of time series and write
down the uses of time series in business.
(b) Below are given the figures of production (in thousand quintals) of a sugar
factory:
Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
Production 80 91 85 110 98 120 116
Fit a straight line trend to these figures by the method of least squares. Show the
trend line on the graph.
13. (a) What is an index number? Discuss different methods of construction of index
number.
(b) Calculate Fisher’s Ideal index number from the following data:
Commodity Price per unit Total value Price per unit Total value
A 5 50 6 72
B 7 84 10 80
C 10 80 12 96
D 4 20 5 30
E 8 56 8 54
470 Business Statistics–I
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2007
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 70
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer all the questions from
part A, any four from Part B and any four from Part C.]

Part B - Short Questions (5 × 4 = 20 marks)

2. (a) What are the characteristics of arithmetic mean?
(b) Compute the geometric mean of the following values: 8, 12, 14, 26, 5.
3. (a) Describe the characteristics of frequency distribution.
(b) Why is statistics required in Business?
4. From the following data find out the missing frequency when mean is 22.
Central Value 10 15 20 25 30
Frequency 5 10 15 ? 5
5. The mean salary paid to 200 employees in a Garment factory was found to be Tk 2500.
Later on, it was discovered that the salaries of two employees were wrongly taken as
3000 and 3500 instead of 3500 and 3200. Compute the correct mean salary.
6. (a) From the following data, calculate the mean, median and mode:
23 25 26 27 30 31 32 33 34 34 36
(b) Calculate coefficient of skewness of the above data (Given that standard deviation
is 4.12). Based on the above result, what is your conclusion about the skewness?
7. What is index number? Mention the name of different index numbers used in statistics.
Which index do you think better and why?

Part C – Broad Questions (10 × 4 = 40 marks)

8. A sample of daily production was organized into the following distribution:
Daily Production Frequency
80 – 90 5
90 – 100 9
100 – 110 20
110 – 120 8
120 – 130 6
130 – 140 2
(i) Calculate the mean and median of the above distribution.
(ii) Calculate the standard deviation and variance.
(iii) Interpret the result.
9. Premier Financial Services believes that there is a relationship between the number of
client contracts and the Taka amount of sales. Company gathered following information.
The X column indicates the number of client contracts last month, and the Y column
shows the value of sales last month for each client sampled:
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 471
Number of Contracts Sales (Tk. thousand)
(X) (Y)
14 24
12 14
20 28
16 30
46 80
23 30
(a) Determine the regression equation of X on Y. Interpret the results.
(b) Plot the regression equation on a graph paper.
10. Mr. X conducted a survey regarding the commodities consumed by the families in a
village in 2001 and 2002. Here are the results:
2001 2002
Commodities Price Quantity Price Quantity
A 4 9 6 9
B 6 12 8 8
C 5 15 6 11
D 4 10 5 10
E 3 14 2 7
(i) Find the Laspeyre’s and Paasche price index for 2002 based on 2001.
(ii) Calculate Fisher’s index number.
(iii) Interpret your results.

11. (a) What is meant by time series? Indicate its importance in business and economics.
(b) What is business cycle? Explain the different component of a business cycle with
example.
(c) Explain different components of a time series with example and briefly describe
any one method of smoothing the time series data.

12. (a) What is the difference between correlation analysis and regression analysis?
Explain with example.
(b) A sample of 10 families revealed the following figures for family size and the
amount spent on food per week. Compute the coefficient of correlation between the
family size and amount spent on food. Interpret your result:
Family size Amount spend on food ($) Family size Amount spend on food ($)
3 99 3 111
6 101 4 74
5 151 4 91
6 129 5 119
6 142 3 91

13. (a) Discuss the seasonal variation in time series analysis with example.
472 Business Statistics–I
(b) Given the following data:
Year Employees (in thousand)
2000 45.6
2001 42.2
2002 41.1
2003 39.3
2004 34.0
2005 30.0
(i) Determine the least square trend equation.
(ii) Estimate the number of employees in 2010.
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 473
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2008
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 70
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer any five from Part A
and any three from Part B.]
Part A - Short Questions (5 × 5 = 25 marks)
1. (a) What do you mean by business statistics?
(b) Discuss its limitations with examples.
2. (a) What is data?
(b) Describe all possible methods of finding primary data with merits & demerits.
3. Calculate the geometric mean of the following price relatives:
Commodity Price relatives Commodity Price relatives
Wheat 237 Sugar 124
Rice 198 Salt 107
Pulses 156 Oils 196
4. For a group of 50 male workers, the mean and standard deviation of their wages are Tk
63 and Tk 9 respectively. For a group of 40 female workers, these are Tk 54 and Tk 6
respectively. Find the mean and standard deviation of daily wages for the combined
group of 90 workers.
5. What is scatter diagram? How does it help in studying the correlation between two
variables?
6. (a) Distinguish between primary data and secondary data.
(b) How does statistics help a manager?
7. Find coefficient of skewness from the following data:
25 – 5 18 30 16 29

Part B – Broad Questions (15 × 3 = 45 marks)

8. (a) Distinguish between:
(i) Graph and diagram
(ii) Discrete and continuous frequency distribution.
(b) The profits (in lakh taka) of 40 companies for the year 2007-2008 are given below:
20 36 20 22 35 42 37 48 53 49
30 56 65 39 48 67 18 16 23 37
15 62 35 49 63 65 55 45 58 57
55 18 69 25 29 58 65 19 30 31
(i) Construct a continuous frequency distribution from the above data.
(ii) Draw ogive curve (less and more) and hence find 25th percentile and 3rd quartile.

9. (a) Find mean, median and mode from the following data:
Class 200-299 300-399 400-499 500-599 600-699 700-799 800-899
Frequency 39 50 86 65 86 46 27
(b) Find coefficient of variation from the following data:
474 Business Statistics–I
Class 2.00-2.24 2.25-2.49 2.50-2.74 2.75-2.99 3.00-3.24
Frequency 51 65 80 71 55
10. (a) A psychologist wanted to compare two methods A and B of teaching. He selected
a random sample of 22 students. He grouped them into 11 pairs so that the students in a
pair have approximately equal scores on an intelligence test. In each pair one student was
taught by method A and the other by method B and examined after the course. The marks
obtained by them are tabulated below:
Pair 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
A 24 29 19 14 30 19 27 30 20 28 11
B 37 35 16 26 23 27 19 20 16 11 21
Find the rank correlation coefficient between the two sets of scores.
(b) Find the regression equation showing information about advertising expenditure and sales:
Average Standard deviation
Advertising expenditure 35.6 10.5
Sales (in lakh taka) 81.8 8.5
and, correlation coefficient = 0.62
(c) Find the likely sales when advertisement budget is tak 70 lakh.
11. (a) What is Fisher’s Ideal index? Why it is called ideal?
(b) Calculate Fisher’s Ideal index and show it satisfies time reversal test and factor reversal test.
2007 2008
Commodities Price Quantity Price Quantity
A 12 20 14 30
B 14 13 20 15
C 10 12 15 20
D 6 8 5 10
E 8 5 6 5
12. (a) What is time series? What are its components?
(b) Why time series considered to be an effective tool of forecasting?
(c) Calculate the trend values by the method of least squares from the data given
below and estimate the sales for the year 2005:
Year 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Sales of TV sets (in 000) 12 18 20 23 27
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 475
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2009
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 70
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer any five from Part A
and any three from Part B.]
Part A - Short Questions (5 × 5 = 25 marks)
1. Distinguish between the following:
(i) Primary and secondary data;
(ii) Discrete and continuous frequency distribution.
2. (a) What are the properties of good measure of dispersion?
(b) What do you understand by coefficient of variation? Explain its usefulness in
business.
3. An incomplete distribution is given below :
Class 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 Total
Frequency 12 30 ? 65 ? 25 18 229
You are told that the median value is 46. Fill up the missing frequencies.
4. The mean and standard deviation of 20 items are found to be 10 and 2 respectively. At
the time of checking it was found that one item 8 was incorrect. Calculate the mean and
standard deviation if (i) the wrong item is omitted, (ii) it is replaced by 12.
5. Define statistics and statistical method. Explain the uses of statistical methods in
business and management.
6. Explain clearly how the measures of skewness and kurtosis can be used in describing a
frequency distribution.
7. Briefly state the significance of correlation.

Part B – Broad Questions (15 × 3 = 45 marks)

8. From the following table showing the wage distribution in a certain factory, determine:
(i) the mean wage; (ii) the median wage; (iii) the modal wage; (iv) the middle 50% of
the wage earners.
Weekly wages (Tk) No. of employees
1200 – 1400 8
1400 – 1600 12
1600 – 1800 20
1800 – 2000 30
2000 – 2200 40
2200 – 2400 32
2400 – 2600 18
2600 – 2800 7
2800 – 3000 6
3000 – 3200 4
476 Business Statistics–I
9. For two firms A and B, belonging to the same industry, gives the following results:
Firm A Firm B
No. of employees 100 200
Average wage monthly Tk 2400 Tk 1800
S.D. Tk 60 Tk 80
(i) Which firm pays out larger amount as wages?
(ii) Which firm shows greater variability in the distribution of wages?
(iii) Find average monthly wages and standard deviation of all the employees in both the firms.
10. (a) Why is time series considered to be an effective tool of forecasting?
(b) The following are annual profits (in thousands of taka) in a business firm:
Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Profits (in ’000 Tk) 60 72 75 65 80 85 95
(i) Use the method of least squares to fit a straight line to the above data;
(ii) Plot the above figures and draw the line;
(iii) Also make an estimate of the profits for the year 2010.
11. (a) Find coefficient of correlation between price and sales from the following data:
Price (in taka) 103 98 85 92 90 84 88 90 93 95
Sales (units) 500 610 700 630 670 800 800 750 700 680
(b) The following data given the hardness (X) and the tensile strength (Y) of 7
samples of metal in certain units. Find the linear regression equation of Y on X:
X 146 152 158 164 170 176 182
Y 75 78 77 89 82 85 86
12. (a) What are index number? Examine the various problems involved in the
construction of an index number.
(b) In the construction of a certain consumer price index, the following group index
numbers were found. Calculate the consumer price index by using:
(i) the weighted arithmetic mean;
(ii) the weighted geometric mean;
Groups Index Weights
Food 300 5
Fuel and Lighting 250 1
Clothing 280 1
House Rent 200 2
Miscellaneous 150 1
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 477
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2010
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 70
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer any five from Part A
and any three from Part B.]
Part A - Short Questions (5 × 5 = 25 marks)
1. Define Statistics. State its limitations in decision making of a business concern.
2. Distinguish between data collection and data presentation. Why is data presentation
necessary?
3. What is correlation? Discuss the difference between correlation and regression.
4. What points should be considered in designing a good questionnaire?
5. What do you mean by central tendency? Construct the relationship among Arithmetic
mean, Geometric mean and Harmonic mean.
6. Explain clearly how the measures of skewness and kurtosis can be used in describing a
frequency distribution.
7. The coefficient of rank correlation between debenture prices and share prices is found
0.143 and the sum of squares of the difference is 48. Find out the value of N (Number of
pairs.).
Part B – Broad Questions (15 × 3 = 45 marks)
8. In a class examination, the marks obtained by 30 students are given below:
32 33 55 47 21 50 27 26 24 33
62 42 38 15 45 32 44 48 68 49
40 52 30 17 44 58 48 39 42 37
(a) Make out a frequency distribution from the above data taking appropriate class
interval.
(b) Calculate: (i) mean marks; (ii) median marks; (iii) modal mark.
(c) Draw an ogive curve for the distribution.
9. An organization has two units A and B. An analysis of weekly wages paid to workers
gave the following results:
Unit A Unit B
No. of wages earners 500 670
Standard deviation Tk 9 Tk 10
Average weekly wage Tk 65 Tk 72
(i) Which unit pays out larger amount as wages?
(ii) In which unit there is greater variability in wage distribution?
(iii) Find the combined average wage and standard deviation of wages of the whole organization.
10. (a) What are the components of time series? How time series analysis helps
management to take decision?
(b) You are given below the figures of annual production (in thousand tones) of a
sugar mill:
Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Production 70 75 90 91 95 98 100
478 Business Statistics–I
(i) Use the method of least squares to fit a straight line to the above data;
(ii) Estimate likely production for 2012.
(iii) Plot the above figures and draw the line.
11. (a) Discuss the degree of correlation.
(b) Calculate coefficient of correlation by using following data and give the opinion of
the relation of the variables:
X 127 135 150 175 194 228
Y 750 800 870 820 780 735
(c) The following data give the advertisement (X) and the sales (Y) of 8 samples of a
company. Find the linear regression equation of Y on X & X on Y:
X 55 61 60 64 48 62 66 63
Y 12 15 14 18 13 16 20 21
12. (a) Describe the uses of index number in business.
(b) An inquiry into the budgets of middle class families in a village near Rajshahi
gave the following information:
(iii) the weighted arithmetic mean;
(iv) the weighted geometric mean;
Cost Food Rent Cloth Fuel Others
35% 20% 15% 20% 10%
2009 150 50 100 60 20
2010 174 60 125 90 25
Construct cost of living index and comment on the change in the cost of living in 2010
compared to 2009.
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 479
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2011
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 70
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer any five from Part A
and any three from Part B.]

Part A - Short Questions (5 × 5 = 25 marks)

1. What is business statistics? Explain some important functions of statistics.
2. Distinguish between primary data and secondary data. Discuss the various methods of
collecting primary data.
3. Calculate the geometric mean of the following price relatives:
Commodity Price relative Commodity Price relative
Wheat 237 Sugar 124
Rice 198 Salt 107
Pulses 156 Oils 196
4. Explain clearly the role and limitations of diagrams and graphs in presenting business data.
5. What are the essential requisites of a good measure of central tendency? Compare and
contrast the commonly employed measure in terms of these requites.
6. The geometric mean of 10 observations on a certain variable was calculated to be 16.2.
It was later discovered that one of the observations was wrongly recorded at 10.9 when in
fact it was 21.9. Apply appropriate correction and calculate the correct geometric mean.
7. Give the formula for finding Karl Person’s coefficient of skewness. Distinguish
between Skewness and Kurtosis.

Part B – Broad Questions (15 × 3 = 45 marks)

8. The age of 40 employees in a government agency are given below:
34 36 48 49 31 60 34 43
45 38 32 27 60 29 47 36
50 46 30 46 32 30 33 45
49 48 41 53 36 37 37 47
30 46 50 28 35 35 38 36
(a) Construct a continuous frequency distribution with suitable size of class interval.
(b) Calculate: (i) mean age; (ii) median age; (iii) modal age.
(c) Draw a frequency polygon.
9. (a) How does analysis of time series helps in making business forecast? Describe the
seasonal variations and cyclical variations in a time series.
(b) The following are annual profits (in thousands Taka) in a business firm:
Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Profits (in ’000 Tk) 60 72 75 65 80 85 95
(i) Use the method of least squares to fit a straight line to the above data;
(ii) Plot the above figures and draw the line.
480 Business Statistics–I
(iii) Also make an estimate of the profits for the year 2015.
10. For two factories A and B belonging to the same industry, following details are
available:
Factory A Factory B
No. of wages earners 100 80
Average wage monthly Tk 4600 Tk 4900
S.D. Tk 500 Tk 400
(i) Which factory A or B pays larger amount as monthly wages?
(ii) Which factory shows greater variability in the distribution of wages?
(iii) What is the mean and standard deviation of all the workers in two factories
taken together?
11. (a) The following data relate to the prices and supplies of a commodity during a
period of eight years:
Price (Tk./kg) 10 12 18 16 15 19 18 17
Supply (100 kg) 30 35 45 44 42 48 47 46
Calculate the coefficient of correlation between the two series.
(b) The following data given the hardness (X) and the tensile strength (Y) of 7
samples of metal in certain units. Find the linear regression equation of Y and X:
X 146 152 158 164 170 176 182
Y 75 78 77 89 82 85 86
12. (a) What is Fisher’s Ideal Index? Why is it called ideal? Show that it satisfies both the
time reversal test as the factor reversal test.
(b) Construct Fisher’s Ideal Index from the following data and show that it satisfies
time reversal and factor reversal tests:
2010 2011
Commodities Price Quantity Price Quantity
A 10 10 12 12
B 15 5 20 6
C 8 10 10 11
D 20 3 25 2
E 50 10 60 9
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 481
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2012
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 70
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer any five from Part A
and any four from Part B.]

Part A - Short Questions (6 × 5 = 30 marks)

1. Define business statistics. Discuss its applications and limitations in the management
of business enterprise.
2. What are the difference between primary data and secondary data. Briefly discuss
some methods of collecting primary data.
3. What do you mean by central tendency? Write down the properties of an arithmetic
mean.
4. Compute the geometric mean of the following values:
12, 14, 20, 25, 8.
5. Define the coefficient of correlation. How would you interpret the sign and magnitude
of a calculated correlation coefficient, r? Consider in particular the values of r = 0, r = +1
and r = –1.
6. Explain the following terms in the study of time series:
(i) Secular trend; (ii) Seasonal variation; and (iii) Cyclical variation.
7. What is scatter diagram? How does it helps in studying the correlation between two
variables?

Part B – Broad Questions (10 × 4 = 40 marks)

8. (a) Distinguish between histogram and frequency polygon.
(b) The profits (in lakh Taka) of 30 branches of a super shop are given below:
40 45 41 45 45 30 39 18
48 25 26 19 23 24 26 29
28 40 41 42 39 35 18 25
35 40 42 43 44 36
(i) Construct a frequency distribution table from these raw data.
(ii) Draw ogive and hence find the median graphically.
9. The following table gives the daily wages (in taka) of a certain tea garden:
Daily wages 30-32 32-34 34-36 36-38 38-40 40-42 42-44 44-46 46-48 48-50
No. of workers 2 9 25 30 49 62 39 20 11 3
(i) Determine the mean wages.
(ii) Determine median wages.
(iii) Determine modal wages.
(iv) Determine the number of wage earners receiving between Tk 37 and Tk 45.

10. The prices of a tea company share in Dhaka & Chittagong Stock Exchange during the
last 10 months are recorded below:
482 Business Statistics–I
Month Dhaka Chittagong Month Dhaka Chittagong
January 105 108 June 127 125
February 120 117 July 109 125
March 115 120 August 110 120
April 118 130 September 104 110
May 130 100 October 112 135
(i) Determine the mean share price for each of the markets.
(ii) Determine the standard deviation of the price of share in each market.
(iii) In which market the share price is more stable?
11. (a) What is regression? Discuss the difference between correlation and regression.
(b) From the following information calculate:
(i) Regression line equation.
(ii) If husband age is 25 years what will be the wife age?
Husband age 22 32 23 24 26 27 27 28 30 30
Wife age 18 20 21 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
12. The following are annual profits (in thousand Taka) in a tea stall:
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Profit 80 90 92 83 94 99 92
(i) Use the method of least square to fit a straight line to the above data.
(ii) Estimate likely profit in 2015.
(iii) Plot the above figures and draw the line.
13. Mizan and Mamun Garments Ltd. provided the following information from their MIS
department as follows:
Item Monthly production in Weights Wholesale price
Thousand units Tk. per unit
2010 2012 W% 2010 2012
A 2 3 10 50 60
B 3 4 20 60 70
C 4 5 80 70 80
D 3 2 120 120 125
E 2 2 10 20 21
(i) Index number of industrial production of 2012 taking 2010 as the base.
(ii) Production Price Index number of 2012 taking 2010 as the base.
(iii) Comment of the results.
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 483
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2013
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 70
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer any five from Part A and any
four from Part B.]
Part A - Short Questions (6 × 5 = 30 marks)
1. What is statistics? How do you think the knowledge of statistics in essential in management
decisions? Illustrate your answer with examples.
2. What are the sources of secondary data? What precautions would you take before using data
from a secondary source?
3. Distinguish between the following:
(i) Discrete and continuous frequency distributors.
(ii) Bar diagram and histogram.
4. What are the properties of a good measure of central tendency? Which measures do you think
best and why?
5. The mean of 5 observations is 15 and the variance 9. If two more observations having values –
.3 and 10 are combined with these 5 observations, what will be the mean and variance of 7
observations?
6. What is scatter diagram? Discuss the various types of scatter diagram. Interpret: r = 0.05, r = –
0.9.
7. (a) What is meant by regression coefficient?
(b) Mention the properties of regression coefficient.
Part B – Broad Questions (10 × 4 = 40 marks)
8. The marks of Management Trainee Assessment Exam are given below:
40 75 35 54 42 80 09 28
72 88 57 84 17 60 68 60
82 93 60 40 93 92 73 63
83 49 79 30 43 32 41 64
92 23 33 32 44 50 70 57
(i) Taking first class as 0 – 9, construct a frequency distribution table from the above data.
(ii) Construct cumulative frequency curve by “Less than” method.
(iii) Draw a frequency polygon with the help of histogram.
9. (a) Define arithmetic mean, median and mode.
(b) In an examination of 675 candidates the examiner supplied the following information:
Marks No. of Marks No. of
Obtained Candidates Obtained Candidates
Less than 10% 7 Less than 50% 381
Less than 20% 39 Less than 60% 545
Less than 30% 95 Less than 70% 631
Less than 40% 201 Less than 80% 675
(i) Calculate mean, median and mode of the percentage makes obtained.
(ii) Obtain the limit of marks of central 50% of the candidates.
10. (a) What is standard deviation? Why standard deviation is most widely used as a measure of
variations?
484 Business Statistics–I
(b) A company has three establishments E1, E2 and E3 in three locations. The weekly
salary paid to the employees of the three locations is given below:
E1 E2 E3
Number of employees 20 25 20
Average weekly salary (BDT) 305 300 340
Standard deviation (BDT) 50 40 45
Find the average and the standard deviation of the weekly salary of all the 65 employees in the
company. Which location shows greater variability?
11. (a) What is time series? What are the components of time series analysis?
(b) Below are given the figures of production (in million tones) of a cement factory:
Year 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2013
Production 77 88 94 85 91 98 90
(in m. tones)
(i) Fit a straight line trend by the least squares method and tabulate the trend values.
(ii) Eliminate the trend. What components of the time series are thus left over?
(iii) What is monthly increase in the production of cement?
12. (a) Find the coefficient of correlation from the following table and interpret it:
Salary 100 101 103 102 104 99 97 98 96 96
Cost of living 98 99 99 97 95 92 95 94 90 91
(b) Obtain two regression equations from the following information about advertising
expenditure and sales:
Ad. Exp. (lakh) Sales (lakh)
x 10 90
 3 12
Correlation coefficient = + 0.80
13. (a) What is Fisher’s Ideal Index? Why is it called ideal?
(b) Calculate price indices from the following data:
(i) Laspeyres Index,
(ii) Paasche Index,
(iii) Fisher’s Index,
(iv) Bowley’s Index Number for the year 2013:
2012 2013
Price Expenditure Price Expenditure
(Tk) on quantity (Tk) on quantity
Consumed (Tk) Consumed (Tk)
A 8 200 65 1950
B 20 1400 30 1650
C 5 80 20 900
D 10 360 15 300
E 27 2160 10 600
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 485
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2014
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 70
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Answer any five from Part A
and any four from Part B.]

Part A - Short Questions (6 × 5 = 30 marks)

1. What is statistics? Discuss the importance of statistics in business decision making.
2. Distinguish between the following:
(i) Primary and secondary data;
(ii) Discrete and continuous frequency distributors.
3. Give the formula for finding Karl Pearson’s coefficient of skewness. Distinguish between
skewness and kurtosis. What is symmetric curve?
4. An incomplete frequency distribution is as follows, where median is 65:
Variables Frequency
30 – 40 10
40 – 50 15
50 – 60 ?
60 – 70 20
70 – 80 ?
80 – 90 5
100
Find out the missing frequencies.
5. Mean and standard deviation of 100 items are found to be 40 and 10. If at the time of
calculation two items are wrongly taken 30 and 48 instead of 35 and 45. Find the correct mean
and standard deviation.
6. Define the coefficient of correlation. Write down its properties. Distinguish between
correlation and regression.
7. Explain different components of a time series with example and briefly describe any one
method of smoothing the time series data.

Part B – Broad Questions (10 × 4 = 40 marks)

(Answer any four questions.)
8. (a) Distinguish between histogram and frequency polygon.
(b) The daily wages (Taka) of 40 workers are given below:
88 204 108 68 101 129 119 149 210 103
96 104 146 127 97 89 123 108 94 149
93 118 136 187 102 191 148 163 172 93
104 132 131 142 92 87 144 183 105 195
(i) Construct a continuous frequency distribution with suitable size of class interval.
(ii) Draw an ogive on the above frequency distribution.
9. From the following table showing the wage distribution in a certain factor.
Weekly wages No. of employees
1200 – 1400 8
486 Business Statistics–I
1400 – 1600 12
1600 – 1800 20
1800 – 2000 30
2000 – 2200 40
2200 – 2400 32
2400 – 2600 18
2600 – 2800 7
2800 – 3000 6
3000 – 3200 4
(i) Determine the mean, median and mode.
(ii) The wage limits for the middle 50% of the wages earners.
(iii) The percentage of workers who earned between Tk 1750 and Tk 2250.
10. (a) Consider the following index numbers of security prices at Dhaka Stock Exchange.
Year 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Debenture price 99.2 98.8 98.3 98.4 97.1
Share price 85.8 78.9 75.8 77.2 83.8
Determine the rank correlation coefficient (or Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient) between
debenture and share prices.
(b) The data of sales and promotion expenditure on a product for 10 years are given below:
Sales (Tk. in lakhs) 8 10 9 12 10 11 12 13 14 15
Promotion Exp. (Tk in thousand) 2 2 3 4 5 5 5 6 7 8
Use two-variable regression model to estimate the effect of promotion on sales forecast values for
next year when the company hopes to spend Tk 10 thousand on promotion.
11. (a) Distinguish between absolute and relative measure of dispersion.
(b) The following are the scores of batsman A and B for 10 innings:
Innings 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A 40 58 45 60 50 45 70 60 45 75
B 80 40 25 90 10 65 12 70 25 90
Who is a more consistent batsman?
12. (a) Find the coefficient of correlation from the following table and comment on the result.
(b) Find the regression equation of y on x:
x 20 25 22 30 40 38 45 40 60 65
y 40 38 42 30 28 36 20 16 22 10
13. Construct Fisher’s ideal index number from the following data. Show that it satisfies time
reversal test and factor reversal test.
2008 2012
Commodity
Price Quantity Price Quantity
A 10 12 12 15
B 8 5 15 10
C 20 14 25 15
D 40 8 50 12
E 25 6 30 9
 National University BBA Professional (Statistics-I) Questions 487
BBA FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION, 2015
Business Statistics I
Time – 3 hours
Full marks – 70
[N.B. – The figure in the right margin indicate full marks. Different parts of each
question must be answered sequentially.]
Part A - Short Questions (6 × 5 = 30 marks)
1. Define statistics and statistical method. Explain the uses of statistical methods in modern
business organization.
2. Distinguish between primary data and secondary data. Discuss the various methods of
collecting primary data.
3. What do you mean by central tendency? Under what condition is the median more suitable
than other measures of central tendency?
4. Why standard deviation is most widely used as a measure of dispersion? State the limitations
of Range.
5. “Arithmetic mean is affected by the extreme value of the data series” – Explain.
Also, Explain clearly how the measures of skewness and kurtosis can be used in describing a
frequency distribution.
6. Explain the following terms in the study of time series:
(i) Secular trend; (ii) Seasonal variation; (iii) Cyclical variation.
7. (a) What is meant by regression coefficient?
(b) Mention the characteristics of Pearson’s coefficient of correlation.

Part B – Broad Questions (10 × 4 = 40 marks)

(Answer any four questions.)
8. The age of 40 employees in a government agency are given below:
43 36 45 47 36 38 37 33
47 34 35 37 30 29 60 35
36 32 60 31 50 41 30 32
48 28 53 46 27 49 48 46
46 38 36 30 50 49 34 45
(a) Construct a continuous frequency distribution with suitable size of class interval.
(b) Calculate: (i) mean; (ii) median; (iii) modal.
(c) Determine the limits of the ages of central 50 percent of the employees.
9. A purchasing agent obtained sample of incandescent lamps from two suppliers. He had the
samples tested in his own laboratory for length of life with the following result:
Sample from
Length of life (in hours) Company A Company B
700 – 900 10 3
900 – 1100 16 42
1100 – 1300 28 12
1300 – 1500 8 3
(i) Which company’s lamp do you think are better in terms of average life?
(ii) If prices of both types are the same, which company’s lamps would you buy and why?
488 Business Statistics–I
(b) The mean and standard deviation of a set of 100 observations were found out as 50 and
10 respectively which by mistake took the values 60 in place of 50 for one of the observations.
Find the correct mean and variance.

10. Given the following information:

Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Sales 10 12 15 16 18 19
(i) Fit a straight line trend to the above figures by the method of least squares and also
calculate the trend values.
(ii) Find the slope of the straight line trend.
(iii) Do the figures show a rising trend or a falling trend?
(iv) Draw the trend line.
(v) Estimate the trend value for 2018.
11. The following data give the ages and blood pressure of 10 women:
Age (X) 56 42 36 47 49 42 60 72 63 55
Blood Pressure (Y) 147 125 118 128 145 140 155 160 149 150
(i) Find the correlation coefficient between X and Y.
(ii) Determine the least square regression equation of Y on X.
(iii) Estimate the blood pressure of a woman whose age is 45 years.

12. (a) Define consumer price index. State the precautions while using consumer price index.
Why index numbers are called “Economic Barometers”?
(b) An enquiry into the budgets of middle class families in a village gave the following
information:
Expenses on: Food Rent Clothing Education Misc.
30% 25% 15% 10% 20%
Price (Tk) in 2009 1800 1000 700 400 700
Price (Tk) in 2010 2000 1200 900 500 1000
Construct cost of living index and comment on the change in the cost of living in 2010 as
compared to 2009.
13. (a) What is correlation? Clearly explain with suitable illustration.
(b) Interpret the notions: r = + 1; r = – 0.95, r = 0.
(c) Three students are asked to express their preference for semester courses. Calculate rank
coefficient of correlation from the following replies:
Students/Courses 101 102 103 104 105
A 2 1 3 4 5
B 5 4 1 2 3
C 1 2 5 3 4