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Code and Graph Explanation

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Code and Graph Explanation

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Code and Graph Explanation

### Code Explanation (Line by Line)

Step 1: Importing Libraries

- numpy: Used for numerical operations and handling arrays.

- matplotlib.pyplot: A library for creating visualizations and graphs.

Step 2: Define Variables

x = np.linspace(0, 10, 1000)

- Generates an array of 1000 equally spaced points between 0 and 10.

- These x values will serve as the independent variable for plotting functions.

Step 3: Define Functions

y1 = np.sin(x)

y2 = np.cos(x)

y3 = y1 + y2

- Computes sine, cosine, and their sum element-wise, creating three separate waveforms.

Step 4: Create Plot

plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))

- Sets up a figure of size 10 inches wide and 6 inches tall.

Step 5: Plot Individual Curves

plt.plot(x, y1, label='sin(x)')

plt.plot(x, y2, label='cos(x)')


plt.plot(x, y3, label='sin(x) + cos(x)', linestyle='--')

- Plots the sine, cosine, and combined waveforms, assigning a dashed style to the sum.

Step 6: Customize Graph

plt.title('Trigonometric Functions')

plt.xlabel('x-axis')

plt.ylabel('y-axis')

plt.legend()

- Adds a title, axis labels, and a legend to identify each line.

Step 7: Display Graph

plt.grid(True)

plt.show()

- Adds a grid and renders the final graph.

### Graph Explanation

1. Sine Wave (sin(x) in Blue):

- A smooth oscillating wave starting at 0 and oscillating between -1 and 1.

2. Cosine Wave (cos(x) in Orange):

- Similar to the sine wave but starts at 1 (a phase shift of 90 degrees).

3. Combined Wave (sin(x) + cos(x) in Dashed Green):

- The result of adding sine and cosine values at each x, creating a new waveform.

4. Grid:
- Helps analyze the behavior of functions.

5. Legend:

- Identifies each line on the graph.

### Methods Used

1. numpy methods:

- np.linspace(): Generates an array of evenly spaced numbers.

- np.sin() and np.cos(): Compute trigonometric functions.

2. matplotlib methods:

- plt.plot(): Creates line plots for the given data.

- plt.title(), plt.xlabel(), plt.ylabel(): Add labels and a title.

- plt.legend(): Adds a legend to the graph.

- plt.grid(): Adds a grid to the graph.

- plt.show(): Displays the final plot.

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