Math

Sixth Grade
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Same signs add and keep, Different signs subtract, take the sign of the larger number, Then
you’ll be exact!

Multiply or divide, its an easy thought, Same signs are positive, Different signs are not.

Rational numbers can be put into a/b form where b cannot = 0

1.Mixed->Improper
2.Common Denominator
3.Divide Numerator
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Shapes:

Similar Figures- Same but not necessarily the same size

1. Corresponding Sides have the same ratio.

2. Corresponding Angles are Congruent.

Combining like terms, summing constants and summing those variable terms in which the same
variables are raised to the same power.

Methods to shift figures.

Translation: Sliding the figure
Reflection: Flips the figure
Rotation: Turn

Transforming a graphed shape by multiplying each coordinate by the same number is called a
Dilation.

Similar figures.
(Over 1)- The shape grows
(Under 1)- The shape shrinks
(Negative scale)-The shape
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Legal Moves:
1.Negative/Positive Same Side
Cross out the Negative tile(s) and Positive tile(s) on the same side.
2.Cross out identical tiles on different sides
Cross out positive tile on opposite sides or negative tiles on opposite sides
3.If you add something to one side then add something to the other side.
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Angles:
Complementary, 90

Supplementary, 180

Adjacent Angles:
Common side, Common vertex, No overlap.

Vertical Angles:
Across from each other, congruent

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Chapter 10:

Pi = Circumfrence/Diameter
Or
Circumference = Pi times Diameter

Pi is approximately… 3.14.
R=Radius
D=Diameter
C=Circumference

Formula for area of a circle…

Percent Change Formula:

To calculate the percentage increase:

1. First: work out the difference (increase) between the two numbers you are comparing.
2. Increase = New Number - Original Number.
1. Then: divide the increase by the original number and multiply the answer by 100.
3. % increase = Increase ÷ Original Number × 100.

Volume:
Cone: V=πr2h/3
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Seventh Grade
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Unit 2:

Parabola: a curve formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to a straight line in
its surface : a curve formed by a point moving so that its distance from a fixed point is equal to
its distance from a fixed line.

⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻—
⸻

Unit 3:

Latís point - Is a point which you know for sure.

IF YOU CAN USE A KNOWN POINT, THEN DON’T USE A GUESSTIMATION.

Growth Triangle Tutorial

Here is your graph.
Draw two lines from the two points, until you find where the lines meet.
Count the length of the two sides of the triangle. In this case, we have 5 and 6.
The vertical line is the “rise” which goes on top. The horizontal line is the “run” which goes on
top. In this case 5 goes on top and 6 goes on bottom, so the fraction, slope, that we get is 5/6.

y = mx + b
The linear function

⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻⸻—
⸻

Unit 4:
Solve for y to convert the equation.

Example videos:
Fraction Busting:

How to Bust a Fraction

Goal - Eliminate fractions in order to solve equations more efficiently.
Process:
1) Put all terms in separate ()'s.
*Terms are separated by one of these: +, -, x, /, =
2) The "busters" are all of the unique denominators.
*Do not use a number more than 1 time.
1. "Bust" each term by eliminating the denominator and the buster that match.
2. Multiply any busters together and then multiply that by the numerator of each busted
fraction.
 3. You will now have a non-fraction equation.
4. Solve for the unique variable as usual.
Alwavs remember to check vour answer!!!!!!!!!!!!!

The point where 2 lines meet is called the POINT OF INTERSECTION.

Two or more lines are called A SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS.

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Unit 8:

Simple Interest:
A Linear Relationship
Interest is something pair or added to an account- can also be deducted if you owe something.
Interest paid is the same each term

Standard Equation for Simple Interest:

I= Prt

I- interest total
P- principle ($ you start with- kind of like the Y- intercept)
R- interest rate -> % => decimal
T- amount of time

Amount of Time can be:

Semi - Annual 2x a year
Quarterly - 4x a year

I + P = B (balance)

The interest plus the principle = balance

Profit:
The amount of money that you get after paying all of your expenses.
Compound Interest:

Give What You Get: If the problem gives you a fraction, give the answer as a fraction. If the
problem gives you a decimal, give the answer as a decimal.
MCA Review:

A Histogram is a graph
used to represent data.
The data is displayed
using bars called ranges.

Frequency is up/down
It is the number that is
represented in each range.

The ranges are

along the bottom.

The Dot Plot only has an “x” line at the bottom.

This shows the data values.
The dots show how many data points are in each value
Histograms vs Dot Plot

Dot Plot:
● Show specific data
● Show data not inset
● Show specific data
● Show data
Histogram:
● Show ranges of data
● Show total data only in set
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Eight Grade:

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Unit 1:
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How to describe a graph:

• What type of graph is it?

• Does it have a line of symmetry?
• Does it have a vertex? (Also does it have a max/min?)
• Domain?
• Range?
• X intercept?
• Y intercept?
• Pattern (as x increases/decreases y increases/decreases)
• Shape

Domain: The values of x that are needed to make this graph.

Range: The values of y that are needed to make this graph.

PLEASEing Graph:
Points plotted
Labels
Extend
Arrows
Scale
Equation

Function Notation (example):

F(x)=2x-5

What is a function:
A function is a rule in which you put in an input and get one output only.

Are all lines functions:

No, not all lines are function

How can you tell if a table isn’t a function:

An output can have many inputs but an input cannot have more than one output.

Linear- Type of graph with a straight line.

Parabola- Quadratic graph, U shaped
Quadratic- A graph with a Parabola
X-intercept- The x value when y is 0
Y-intercept- The y value when x is 0
Line- A line
Function- A function is a rule in which you put in an input and get one output only
Input- The x value that goes in
Output- The y value that comes out
Table- A diagram of all the values in a graph
Graph- Don’t tell me you don’t know what that is…
Rule- The expression.
Function Notation- f(x)=2x+1
Symmetry- Fold it over, looks the same
Vertex- The minimum or the maximum
Pattern- Uh… come on…
Absolute Value- The distance a number is from 0 IxI

Unit 2:
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How is growth shown?

In a tile pattern… the number of tiles shaded from one figure to the next.

In an equation… you look at the coefficient.

In a table… you look at the y values compared to the x values.

A line has a slope that is:

1. Positive if the line is going up from left to right.
2. Negative if the line is going down from left to right.
3. Zero if the line is horizontal.
4. No slope if the line is vertical.

Finding slope given two points:

1. Find Slope
2. Find Y-intercept
3. Write the equation.
Slope:
. Write as a fraction.
. In a complete sentence “As _______ increases by _________ , ___________ increases/
decreases by ___________

Y-intercept:
. At 0 ________________, there are ____________

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Unit 2 Test- Study Topics:

Graph a line.
Find x/y intercepts.
Write equations given 2 points.
Find slope and y-intercept from table, graph, and equation.
Interpret real life meaning of slope and y-intercept.
Solve/check equation.
Describe a graph.
Function notation.

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Unit 3:
B- Base + Repeated Multiplier
X- Exponent + Number of times multiplied.

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Three Forms:

Exponential form:

3^4

Expanded form:

3x3x3x3

Simplified/standard form:

81
12

Rules of powers:

When same bases are being multiplied- ADD EXPONENTS

When a power is to another power- MULTIPLY EXPONENTS

When quotient of a power with same bases- SUBTRACT EXPONENTS

Negative exponents- BASE BECOMES RECIPROCAL, EXPONENT BECOMES POSITIVE

Zero Power- EQUALS ONE

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Unit 4:

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Commutative Property:

Changing ORDER does not matter:

Addition: 3+5 = 5+3
Multiplication: 3x5 = 5x3

Associative Property:

Changing GROUPING does not matter:

Addition: 3+(4+5) = (3+4)+5

Identity Property:

Keep it the SAME (IDENTICAL)

Addition: Any number + 0 is the number itself
Multiplication: Any number x 1 is the number itself

Inverse Property:

Addition (Opposite): 3 + __ = 0
Multiplication (Reciprocal): 3( ) = 1

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Systems of equations:

Solving a system means to find the POI (Point of Intersection).

Solving a system means finding values for the variables that make ALL equations TRUE at the
SAME time.

There are FOUR methods to solve systems:

Graphing
Equal Values
Table

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Possible Solutions:

One Solution: Means only one ordered pair makes both equations true at the same time.
(Intersecting Lines)
No Solution: Means lines don’t intersect and no ordered pair makes both equations true at
the same time. (Parallel Lines)
Infinite Solution: Means Infinite ordered pairs make both equations true at the same time.
(Coinciding Lines)
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1. Isolate a VARIABLE in one equation.

2. Substitute the resulting expression into the appropriate VARIABLE of the OTHER equation.
3. SOLVE for the variable.
4. Substitute the VALUE into the OTHER equation and solve.
5. Check (x,y).
6. Meaning of solution.