I N T R O D U C T I O N T O S TAT I S T I C S I N P Y T H O N
Maggie Matsui Content Developer, DataCamp What can statistics do? What is statistics? The field of statistics - the practice and study of collecting and analyzing data
A summary statistic - a fact about or summary of some data
What can statistics do?
How likely is someone to purchase a product? Are people more likely to purchase it if they can use a different payment system?
How many occupants will your hotel have? How can you optimize occupancy?
How many sizes of jeans need to be manufactured so they can fit 95% of the population? Should the same number of each size be produced?
A/B tests: Which ad is more effective in getting people to purchase a product?
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS IN PYTHON
Types of statistics Descriptive statistics Inferential statistics Describe and summarize data Use a sample of data to make inferences about a larger population
50% of friends drive to work
25% take the bus
25% bike What percent of people drive to work?
Go to the exercise on descriptive and Inferential statistics
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS IN PYTHON
Why does data type matter? Summary statistics Plots
import numpy as np np.mean(car_speeds['speed_mph'])
40.09062
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS IN PYTHON
Why does data type matter? Summary statistics Plots demographics['marriage_status'].value_counts()
single 188 married 143 divorced 124 dtype: int64
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS IN PYTHON
Correlation I N T R O D U C T I O N T O S TAT I S T I C S I N P Y T H O N
Maggie Matsui Content Developer, DataCamp Relationships between two variables
x = explanatory/independent variable y = response/dependent variable
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS IN PYTHON
Correlation coefficient Quantifies the linear relationship between two variables
Number between -1 and 1
Magnitude corresponds to strength of relationship
Sign (+ or -) corresponds to direction of relationship
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS IN PYTHON
Magnitude = strength of relationship 0.99 (very strong relationship)
Many ways to calculate correlation Used in this course: Pearson product-moment correlation (r ) Most common
x̄ = mean of x σx = standard deviation of x n (xi − x̄)(yi − ȳ ) r=∑ σx × σy i=1
Variations on this formula:
Kendall's tau Spearman's rho
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS IN PYTHON
Let's practice! I N T R O D U C T I O N T O S TAT I S T I C S I N P Y T H O N Correlation caveats I N T R O D U C T I O N T O S TAT I S T I C S I N P Y T H O N
