SSM INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(An Autonomous Institution)

Approved by AICTE, New Delhi | Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai
Accredited by NAAC & NBA
Dindigul – Palani Highway, Dindigul -624 002

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND BUSINESS SYSTEMS

CS3691– EMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND IOT LABORATORY

RECORD

NAME

REGISTER NUMBER

YEAR III

SEMESTER V

DEPARTMENT COMPUTER SCIENCE AND

BUSINESS SYSTEMS

ACADEMIC YEAR 2024-2025(ODD SEM)

 SSM INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution)
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi | Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai
Accredited by NAAC & NBA
Dindigul – Palani Highway, Dindigul -624 002
E-mail: ssmietdgl@ssmiet.ac.in,website: https://ssmiet.ac.in/

PRACTICAL RECORD

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

REGISTER NUMBER

Certified that this is the bonafide record work done by

Mr./Miss……………………………………………………Reg. No……………………………
Fifth Semester, Computer Science and Business Systems branch during the Academic
year2024 - 2025 in the CS3691 – EMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND IOT LABORATORY

Staff in Charge Head of the Department

Submitted for the University Practical Examination held on ……………………………….

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 SSM INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution)
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi | Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai Accredited by NAAC & NBA
Dindigul – Palani Highway, Dindigul -624 002

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND BUSINESS SYSTEMS

VISION
To lead the way in interdisciplinary education, shaping the next generation of technology-driven business
leaders by seamlessly integrating computer science and business principles, to empower students to address
societal challenges through innovation and entrepreneurial skills
MISSION
1. Provide holistic education that bridges the gap between the fields of computer science and business
systems, empowering students with a solid foundation in various domains and promoting innovative methods in
research and academics.
2. Establish strong partnerships with industries to provide conceptual knowledge that enables experiential
learning for students in the ever-changing industry landscape.
3. Offer comprehensive technology training to ensure that students are proficient in the latest tools and
methodologies crucial for success in the fields of computer science and business systems.
PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES(PEOs)
To ensure graduates will be proficient in utilizing the fundamental knowledge of basic sciences, mathematics,
Computer Science and Business systems for the applications relevant to various streams of Engineering and
Technology.
▪ To enrich graduates with the core competencies necessary for applying knowledge of computer science
and Data analytics tools to store, retrieve, implement, and analyze data in the context of business
enterprise to empower entrepreneurial skills
▪ To enable graduates through comprehensive technology training to gain employment in organizations
and establish themselves as professionals by applying their technical skills and leadership qualities to
solve societal problems and meet the diversified needs of industry, academia, and research.
PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs)
▪ To create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, modern engineering, and business
tools including prediction and data analytics to complex engineering activities & business solutions.
▪ To evolve computer science domain specific methodologies for effective decision making in several
critical problem domains of the real world.
▪ To be able to apply entrepreneurial skills and management tools for identifying, analyzing, and
creating business opportunities with smart business ideas.
PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)

1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering

fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics,
natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design
system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for
the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research
methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the
information to provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and Modern
engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineeringactivities with
an understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess
societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues, and the consequent responsibilities relevant to
the professional engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions
in societal and environmental contexts and demonstrate the knowledge of &need for sustainable
development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms
of the engineering practice.
9. Individual and teamwork: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader
in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write
effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear
instructions.
11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering
and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team,
to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for and have the preparation and ability to engage
in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.
CS3691 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND IOT LTPC
302 4

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
❖ To learn the internal architecture and programming of an embedded processor.
❖ To introduce interfacing, I/O devices to the processor.
❖ To introduce the evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT).
❖ To build a small low-cost embedded IoT system using Arduino/Raspberry Pi/ open platform.
❖ To apply the concept of the Internet of Things in real-world scenario.

PRACTICAL EXERCISES:

1. Write 8051 Assembly Language experiments using simulator.

2. Test data transfer between registers and memory.

3. Perform ALU operations.

4. Write Basic and arithmetic Programs Using Embedded C.

5. Introduction to Arduino platform and programming

6. Explore different communication methods with IoT devices (Zigbee, GSM, Bluetooth)

7. Introduction to Raspberry PI platform and python programming

8. Interfacing sensors with Raspberry PI

9. Communicate between Arduino and Raspberry PI using any wireless medium

10. Setup a cloud platform to log the data

11. Log Data using Raspberry PI and upload to the cloud platform

12. Design an IOT based system

COURSE OUTCOMES: TOTAL:30 PERIODS

At the end of this course, the students will be able to:

CO1: Explain the architecture of embedded processors.
CO2: Write embedded C programs.
CO3: Design simple embedded applications.
CO4: Compare the communication models in IOT.
CO5: Design IoT applications using Arduino/Raspberry Pi /open platform.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Ex. Page Marks

Date Name of the Experiment Signature
No No. Awarded

1.
Write 8051 Assembly Language experiments using
simulator.
2. Test data transfer between registers and memory.
3.
Perform ALU operations.
4.
Write Basic and arithmetic Programs Using Embedded C
5.
Introduction to Arduino platform and programming
6.
Explore different communication methods with IoT
devices (Zigbee, GSM, Bluetooth)

7. Introduction to Raspberry PI platform and python

programming
8.
Interfacing sensors with Raspberry PI
9.
Communicate between Arduino and Raspberry PI using
any wireless medium
10.
Setup a cloud platform to log the data
11.
Log Data using Raspberry PI and upload to the cloud
platform
12.
Design an IOT based system
EXP NO: 1 8051 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAM USING KEIL SIMULATOR
DATE

AIM:
To write an 8051 Assembly Language Program for an 8-bit addition using Keil
simulator and execute it.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Keil μvision5 IDE
INTRODUCTION TO 8051 SIMULATORS:
A simulator is software that will execute the program and show the results exactly to the
program running on the hardware, if the programmer finds any errors in the program while
simulating the program in the simulator, he can change the program and re-simulate the code
and get the expected result, before going to the hardware testing. The programmer can
confidently dump the program in the hardware when he simulates his program in the simulator
and gets the expected results.
8051 controller is a most popular 8-bit controller which is used in a large number of embedded
applications and many programmers write programs according to their application. So testing
their programs in the software simulators is a way. Simulators will help the programmer to
understand the errors easily and the time taken for the testing is also decreased.
These simulators are very useful for students because they do not need to build the complete
hardware for testing their program and validate their program very easily in an interactive way.
List of 8051 Simulators:
The list of simulators is given below with their features:
1. MCU 8051: MCU 8051 is an 8051 simulator that is very simple to use and has an
interactive IDE (Integrated Development Environment). It is developed by Martin
Osmera and most important of all is that it is completely free. There are many
features for this IDE they are,
a. It supports both C and assembly language for compilation and simulation
b. It has an in-built source code editor, graphical notepad, ASCII charts, Assembly
symbol viewer, etc. It also supports several 8051 ICs like at89c51, A89S52,
8051, 8052, etc.
c. It will support certain electronic simulations like LED, 7 segment display, LCD
etc. which will help in giving the output when you interface these things to the
hardware directly.
d. It has tools like hex decimal editors, base converters, special calculator, file
converters, inbuilt hardware programmers, etc.
e. It has syntax validation, pop base auto-completion etc.
You can download this tool from https://sourceforge.net/projects/mcu8051ide/files/.

1
2. EDSIM 51: This is a virtual 8051 interfaced with virtual peripherals like 7 segment
display, motor, keypad, UART etc. This simulator is exclusively for students developed by
James Rogers,. The features of this simulator are
● Have virtual peripherals like ADC, DAC with scope to display, comparator etc.
● supports only assembly language
● IDE is completely written in JAVA and supports all the OS.
● Completely free and with user guide, examples, etc.
You can download this simulator from the https://www.edsim51.com/index.html.
3. 8051 IDE: This simulation software is exclusively for the Windows operating system
(98/xp). The features of this simulator are
Text editor, assembler, and software simulate in one single program.
has facilities like Breakpoint setter, execute to break point, predefined simulator watch
window, etc.
It is available in both free version and paid version.
You can download this tool from https://www.acebus.com/win8051.htm
4. KEIL µVision: KEIL is the most popular software simulator. It has many features like
interactive IDE and supports both C and assembly languages for compilation and simulation.
You can download and get more information from https://www.keil.com/c51/.
INSTALLATION OF KEIL SOFTWARE
Set up Keil IDE for Programming
Keil µVision IDE is a popular way to program MCUs containing the 8051 architectures.
It supports over 50 microcontrollers and has good debugging tools including logic
analyzers and watch windows.
In this article, we will use the AT89C51ED2 microcontroller, which has:
● 64 KB FLASH ROM
● On-chip EEPROM
● 256 Bytes RAM
● In-System programming for uploading the program
● 3 Timer/counters
● SPI, UART, PWM

The Keil µVision icon.

To start writing a new program, you need to create a new project. Navigate to project —
> New µVision project. Then save the new project in a folder.

2
 After saving the file, a new window will pop up asking you to select your microcontroller.
As discussed, we are using AT89C51/AT89C51ED2/AT89C52, so select this controller under
the Microchip section (as Atmel is now a part of Microchip).

Select ‘Yes’ in the next pop-up, as we do not need this file in our project.

Our project workspace is now ready!

From here, we need to create a file where we can write our C code. Navigate to File —> New.
Once the file is created, save it with .c extension in the same project folder.

3
 Next, we have to add that .c or .asm file to our project workspace. Select Add Existing
Files and then select the created .c or .asm file to get it added.

The workspace and project file are ready

4
 PROCEDURE

1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close Project”.
2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create New Project Select Device
for Target.
3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52
4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.
5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .asm extension.
6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.
7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of simulation by clicking Run or step run.8.

PROGRAM:
ORG 0000H
CLR C
MOV A, #30H
ADD A, #31H
MOV R0, A
END

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The 8051 Assembly Language Program for an 8-bit addition using the Keil simulator was executed
successfully.

5
EXP NO:2 Test data transfer between Registers and Memory
DATE

AIM:
To write and execute an Assembly language program to transfer data between
registers and memory.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Keil μvision5 IDE

PROCEDURE
1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close
Project”.
2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create a New Project Select
Device for the Target.
3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52
4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.
5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .asm extension.
6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.
7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of the simulation by clicking Run or
Step run.
PROGRAM:

a. Write an assembly language program to transfer N = bytes of data

from location A: h to location B: h.
Let N = 05h, A: 30h B: 40h
mov r0,#30h //source address
mov r1,#40h //destination address
mov r7,#05h //Number of bytes to be moved
back: mov a,@r0
mov @r1,a
inc r0
inc r1
djnz r7,back //repeat till all data transferred
end

6
 OUTPUT
BEFORE EXECUTION:

AFTER EXECUTION:

RESULT
An Assembly language program to transfer data between registers and memory was executed
successfully.

7
EXP NO:3 ALU Operations
DATE
AIM:
To write and execute the ALU program using the Keil simulator.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Keil μvision5 IDE
PROCEDURE

1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close
Project”.
2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create New Project Select
Device for Target.
3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52
4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.
5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .asm extension.
6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.
7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of simulation by clicking Run or step run.

PROGRAM:
//arithmetic operations
mov a, #25h
mov b,#12h
add a,b
mov 40h,a
mov a,#25h
mov b,#12h
subb a,b
mov 41h,a
mov a,#25h
mov b,#12h
mul ab
mov 42h,b
mov 43h,a
mov a, #25h

8
mov b,#12h
div ab
mov 44h,a
mov 45h,b

//logical operations
mov a,#45h
mov r0, #67h
anl a,r0 //and
mov 46h,a
mov a,#45h
mov r0, #67h
orl a,r0 //or
mov 47h,a
mov a,#45h
mov r0, #67h
xrl a,r0 //xor
mov 48h,a
mov a,#45h
cpl a //not
mov 49h,a
end

OUTPUT:
ADD

9
SUB

MUL

DIV

AND

10
 OR

XOR

NOT

RESULT:
The ALU program using the Keil simulator was executed successfully.

11
EXP NO: 4 WRITE BASIC AND ARITHMETIC PROGRAMS USING
DATE: EMBEDDED C

AIM:

To write a basic embedded C program to control a port 0 pin 0 connected to an 8051

microcontroller using a Keil simulator.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:

Keil μvision5 IDE

PROCEDURE

1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close Project”.

2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create a New Project Select Device for
the Target.

3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52

4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.

5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .asm extension.

6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.

7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of the simulation by clicking Run or Step run.

PROGRAM 1:
#include<REG51.h>
int i,j;
sbit LED = P3^0;
void main()
{
while(1)
{
LED = 0;
for(j=0;j<10000;j++);
LED = 1;
for(j=0;j<10000;j++);
}

12
}
Output:
Before Execution:

After Execution:

13
PROGRAM 2:
#include<reg51.h>
unsigned char a, b;
void main()
{
a=0x10;
b=0x04;
P0=a-b;
P1=a+b;
P2=a*b;
P3=a/b;
while(1);
}

Output:
BEFORE EXECUTION:

14
 AFTER EXECUTION:

RESULT:
The basic embedded C program to
(i) Control a port 0’s pin 0 as a LED and
(ii) Add, subtract, multiply and divide using a Keil simulator was successfully verified.

15
EXP NO:5 INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO PLATFORM AND PROGRAMMING
DATE
Aim:
To study the basics of Arduino Uno board and Arduino IDE 2.0 software.
Software and Hardware Required:
1. Arduino IDE 2.0 1
2. Arduino Uno Board 1

INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO:
Arduino is a project, open-source hardware, and software platform used to design and
build electronic devices. It designs and manufactures microcontroller kits and single-board
interfaces for building electronics projects. The Arduino boards were initially created to help
students with a non-technical background. The designs of Arduino boards use a variety of
controllers and microprocessors. Arduino is an easy-to-use open platform for creating
electronic projects. Arduino boards play a vital role in creating different projects. It makes
electronics accessible to non-engineers, hobbyists, etc.

The various components present on the Arduino boards are a Microcontroller, Digital
Input/output pins, USB Interface and Connector, Analog Pins, reset buttons, Power buttons,
LEDs, Crystal oscillators, and Voltage regulators. Some components may differ depending on
the type of board. The most standard and popular board used over time is Arduino UNO. The
ATmega328 Microcontroller present on the UNO board makes it rather powerful than other
boards. There are various types of Arduino boards used for different purposes and projects.
The Arduino Boards are organized using the Arduino (IDE), which can run on various
platforms. Here, IDE stands for Integrated Development Environment. Let's discuss some
common and best Arduino boards.

TYPES OF ARDUINO BOARDS

1) Arduino UNO
Arduino UNO is based on an ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easy to use compared
to other boards, such as the Arduino Mega board, etc. The Arduino UNO includes 6
analog pin inputs, 14 digital pins, a USB connector, a power jack, and an ICSP (In-Circuit
Serial Programming) header. It is the most used and of standard form from the list of all
available Arduino Boards.

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2) Arduino Nano

The Arduino Nano is a small Arduino board based on the ATmega328P or ATmega628
Microcontroller. The connectivity is the same as the Arduino UNO board. The Nano
board is defined as a sustainable, small, consistent, and flexible microcontroller board. It
is small in size compared to the UNO board. The devices required to start our projects
using the Arduino Nano board are Arduino IDE and mini- USB. The Arduino Nano
includes an I/O pin set of 14 digital pins and 8 analog pins. It also includes 6 Power pins
and 2 Reset pins.

3) Arduino Mega

The Arduino Mega is based on the ATmega2560 Microcontroller. The ATmega2560 is

an 8-bit microcontroller. We need a simple USB cable to connect to the computer and
the AC to DC adapter or battery to get started with it. It has the advantage of working
with more memory space. The Arduino Mega includes 54 I/O digital pins and 16 Analog
Input/Output (I/O), ICSP header, a reset button, 4 UART (Universal Asynchronous
Receiver/Transmitter) ports, USB connection, and a power jack.

17
4) Arduino Micro
The Arduino Micro is based on the ATmega32U4 Microcontroller. It consists of 20 sets
of pins. The 7 pins from the set are PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) pins, while 12 pins
are analog input pins. The other components on board are a reset button, a 16MHz crystal
oscillator, an ICSP header, and a micro-USB connection. The USB is built in the Arduino
Micro board.

5) Arduino Leonardo

The basic specification of the Arduino Leonardo is the same as the Arduino Micro. It is
also based on the ATmega32U4 Microcontroller. The components present on the board
are 20 analog and digital pins, a reset button, a 16MHz crystal oscillator, an ICSP header,
and a micro USB connection.

6) Arduino Due

The Arduino Due is based on the 32-bit ARM core. It is the first Arduino board that has
been developed based on the ARM Microcontroller. It consists of 54 Digital Input/Output pins
and 12 Analog pins. The Microcontroller present on the board is the Atmel SAM3X8E ARM
Cortex-M3 CPU. It has two ports, namely, a native USB port and a Programming port. The
micro side of the USB cable should be attached to the programming port.

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7) Arduino Lilypad

The Arduino LilyPad was initially created for wearable projects and e-textiles. It is based
on the ATmega168 Microcontroller. The functionality of Lilypad is the same as other
Arduino Boards. It is a round, lightweight board with a minimal number of components
to keep the size of the board small. The Arduino Lilypad board was designed by Sparkfun
and Leah. It was developed by Leah Buechley. It has 9 digital I/O pins.

8) Arduino Bluetooth

The Arduino Bluetooth board is based on the ATmega168 Microcontroller. It is also

named as Arduino BT board. The components present on the board are 16 digital pins, 6
analog pins, reset button, 16MHz crystal oscillator, ICSP header, and screw terminals.
The screw terminals are used for power. The Arduino Bluetooth Microcontroller board
can be programmed over the Bluetooth as a wireless connection.

9) Arduino Diecimila

The Arduino Diecimila is also based on the ATmeg628 Microcontroller. The board
consists of 6 analog pin inputs, 14 digital Input/Output pins, a USB connector, a power
jack, an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) header, and a reset button. We can connect
the board to the computer using the USB and can power on the board with the help of an
AC to DC adapter. The Diecimila was initially developed to mark the 10000 delivered
boards of Arduino. Here, Diecimila means 10,000 in Italian.

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10) Arduino Robot

The Arduino Robot is called the tiny computer. It is widely used in robotics. The board
comprises the speaker, five-button, color screen, two motors, an SD card reader, a digital
compass, two potentiometers, and five floor sensors. The Robot Library can be used to
control the actuators and the sensors.

11) Arduino Ethernet

The Arduino Ethernet is based on the ATmega328 Microcontroller. The board consists
of 6 analog pins, 14 digital I/O pins, crystal oscillator, reset button, ICSP header, a power
jack, and an RJ45 connection. With the help of the Ethernet shield, we can connect our
Arduino board to the internet.

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12) Arduino Zero

The Arduino Zero is generally called as the 32-bit extension of the Arduino UNO. It is
based on ATmel's SAM21 MCU. The board consists of 6 analog pin inputs, 14 digital
Input/Output pins, a USB connector, a power jack, and an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial
Programming) header, UART port pins, a power header, and AREF button. The
Embedded debugger of Atmel is also supported by the Arduino Zero. The function of
Debugger is to provide a full debug interface, which does not require additional hardware.

13) Arduino Esplora

The Arduino Esplora boards allow easy interfacing of sensors and actuators. The outputs
and inputs connected on the Esplora board make it unique from other types of Arduino
boards. The board includes outputs, inputs, a small microcontroller, a microphone, a
sensor, a joystick, an accelerometer, a temperature sensor, four buttons, and a slider.

14) Arduino Pro Micro

The structure of Arduino Pro Micro is similar to the Arduino Mini board, except the
Microcontroller ATmega32U4. The board consists of 12 digital Input/output pins, 5
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) pins, Tx and Rx serial connections, and 10-bit ADC
(Analog to Digital Converter).

21
 INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO UNO:

The Arduino UNO is a standard board of Arduino. Here UNO means 'one' in Italian.
It was named UNO to label the first release of Arduino Software. It was also the first
USB board released by Arduino. It is considered a powerful board used in various
projects. Arduino. cc developed the Arduino UNO board. Arduino UNO is based on an
ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easy to use compared to other boards, such as the
Arduino Mega board, etc. The board consists of digital and analog Input/Output pins
(I/O), shields, and other circuits. The Arduino UNO includes 6 analog pin inputs, 14
digital pins, a USB connector, a power jack, and an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial
Programming) header. It is programmed based on IDE, which stands for Integrated
Development Environment. It can run on both online and offline platforms. The IDE is
common to all available boards of Arduino.

Let's discuss each component in detail.

o ATmega328 Microcontroller- It is a single-chip Microcontroller of the
ATmel family. The processor code inside it is 8-bit. It combines Memory
(SRAM, EEPROM, and Flash), Analog to Digital Converter, SPI serial
ports, I/O lines, registers, timers, external and internal interrupts, and
oscillator.

22
 o ICSP pin - The In-Circuit Serial Programming pin allows the user to program
using the firmware of the Arduino board.
o Power LED Indicator- The ON status of the LED shows the power is
activated. When the power is OFF, the LED will not light up.
o Digital I/O pins- The digital pins have the value HIGH or LOW. The pins
numbered from D0 to D13 are digital pins.
o TX and RX LED's- The successful flow of data is represented by the lighting of
these LED's.
o AREF- The Analog Reference (AREF) pin is used to feed a reference voltage
to the Arduino UNO board from the external power supply.
o Reset button- It is used to add a Reset button to the connection.
o USB- It allows the board to connect to the computer. It is essential for the
programming of the Arduino UNO board.
o Crystal Oscillator- The Crystal oscillator has a frequency of 16MHz, which
makes the Arduino UNO a powerful board.
o Voltage Regulator- The voltage regulator converts the input voltage to 5V.
o GND- Ground pins. The ground pin acts as a pin with zero voltage.
o Vin- It is the input voltage.
o Analog Pins- The pins numbered from A0 to A5 are analog pins. The
function of Analog pins is to read the analog sensor used in the connection. It
can also act as a GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) pin.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF ARDUINO UNO
The technical specifications of the Arduino UNO are listed below:
o There are 20 Input/Output pins present on the Arduino UNO board. These 20
pins include 6 PWM pins, 6 analog pins, and 8 digital I/O pins.
o The PWM pins are Pulse Width Modulation capable.
o The crystal oscillator present in Arduino UNO comes with a frequency of 16MHz.
o It also has an Arduino-integrated WIFI module. Such an Arduino UNO board
is based on the Integrated WIFI ESP8266 Module and ATmega328P
microcontroller.
o The input voltage of the UNO board varies from 7V to 20V.
o Arduino UNO automatically draws power from the external power supply. It
can also draw power from the USB.

23
ARDUINO UNO PINOUT
The Arduino UNO is a standard board of Arduino, which
is based on an ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easier to use than other types of
Arduino Boards.
The Arduino UNO Board, with the specification of pins, is shown below:

Let's discuss each pin in detail.

ATmega328 Microcontroller- It is a single chip Microcontroller of the ATmel family.

The processor core inside it is 8-bit. It is a low-cost, low powered, and a simple
microcontroller. The Arduino UNO and Nano models are based on the ATmega328
Microcontroller.
Voltage Regulator: The voltage regulator converts the input voltage to 5V. The primary
function of a voltage regulator is to regulate the voltage level in the Arduino board. For
any changes in the input voltage of the regulator, the output voltage is constant and
steady.

GND - Ground pins. The ground pins are used to ground the circuit.

TXD and RXD: TXD and RXD pins are used for serial communication. The TXD is
used for transmitting the data, and RXD is used for receiving the data. It also represents
the successful flow of data.

24
 USB Interface: The USB Interface is used to plug-in the USB cable. It allows the board
to connect to the computer. It is essential for the programming of the Arduino UNO
board.

RESET: It is used to add a Reset button to the connection.

SCK: It stands for Serial Clock. These are the clock pulses, which are used to
synchronize the transmission of data.
MISO: It stands for Master Input/ Slave Output. The save line in the MISO pin is used
to send the data to the master.
VCC: It is the modulated DC supply voltage, which is used to regulate the IC's used in
the connection. It is also called as the primary voltage for IC's present on the Arduino
board. The Vcc voltage value can be negative or positive with respect to the GND pin.
Crystal Oscillator- The Crystal oscillator has a frequency of 16MHz, which makes the
Arduino UNO a powerful board.
ICSP: It stands for In-Circuit Serial Programming. The users can program the Arduino
board's firmware using the ICSP pins. The program or firmware with the advanced
functionalities is received by the microcontroller with the help of the ICSP header. The
ICSP header consists of 6 pins.

The structure of the ICSP header is shown below:

SDA: It stands for Serial Data. It is a line used by the slave and master to send and receive
data. It is called a data line, while SCL is called a clock line.

SCL: It stands for Serial Clock. It is defined as the line that carries the clock data. It is
used to synchronize the transfer of data between the two devices. The Serial Clock is
generated by the device and it is called the master.

25
 SPI: It stands for Serial Peripheral Interface. It is popularly used by the
microcontrollers to communicate with one or more peripheral devices quickly. It uses
conductors for data receiving, data sending, synchronization, and device selection (for
communication).

MOSI: It stands for Master Output/ Slave Input. The MOSI and SCK are driven by the
Master.

SS: It stands for Slave Select. It is the Slave Select line, which is used by the master. It
acts as the enable line. I2C: It is the two-wire serial communication protocol. It stands
for Inter Integrated Circuits. The I2C is a serial communication protocol that uses SCL
(Serial Clock) and SDA (Serial Data) to receive and send data between two devices.

INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO IDE 2.0:

The Arduino IDE 2.0 is an open-source project, currently in its beta-phase. It is a big step
from it's sturdy predecessor, Arduino IDE 2.0, and comes with revamped UI, improved
board & library manger, autocomplete feature and much more.

In this tutorial, we will go through step by step, how to download and install the software.

Download the editor

Downloading the Arduino IDE 2.0 is done through the Arduino Software page. Here you
will also find information on the other editors available to use.

Requirements
· Windows - Win 10 and newer, 64 bits
· Linux - 64 bits
· Mac OS X - Version 10.14: "Mojave" or newer, 64 bits

To insInstallation Windows

Download URL: https://www.arduino.cc/en/software

Install the Arduino IDE 2.0 on a Windows computer, simply run the file downloaded from the
software page.

26
Follow the instructions in the installation guide. The installation may take several minutes.

You can now use the Arduino IDE 2.0 on your windows computer!

How to use the board manager with the Arduino IDE 2.0

The board manager is a great tool for installing the necessary cores to use your Arduino
boards. In this quick tutorial, we will take a look at how to install one, and choosing the
right core for your board!
Requirements
· Arduino IDE 2.0 installed.
Why use the board manager?
The board manager is a tool that is used to install different cores on your local computer.
So what is a core, and why is it necessary that I install one?

27
Simply explained, a core is written and designed for specific microcontrollers. As Arduino
have several different types of boards, they also have different type of microcontrollers.

For example, an Arduino UNO has an ATmega328P, which uses the AVR core, while an
Arduino Nano 33 IoT has a SAMD21 microcontroller, where we need to use the SAMD core.
In conclusion, to use a specific board, we need to install a specific core.

Installing a core

Installing a core is quick and easy, but let's take a look at what we need to do.

1. Open the Arduino IDE 2.0.

2. With the editor open, let's take a look at the left column. Here, we can see
a couple of icons. Let's click on the "computer chip" icon.

3. A list will now appear of all available cores. Now let's say we are using an
Nano 33 IoT board, and we want to install the core. Simply enter the name in
the search field, and the right core (SAMD) will appear, where the Nano 33
IoT features in the description. Click on the "INSTALL" button.

4. This will begin an installation process, which in some cases may take several
minutes.

28
 5. When it is finished, we can take a look at the core in the board's manager
column, where it should say "INSTALLED".

PROGRAM :
CONNECTION:

Arduino UNO Pin Arduino Development Board

2 LED
2 Buzzer

LED Blinking:
void setup()
{
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
delay(1000);
}

29
 OUTPUT:
LED Blinking
Before Execution:

After Execution:

RESULT:
The study and execution of different Arduino programming for analog, digital signals and serial
communication was verified successfully.

30
EXP NO:6 EXPLORE DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION METHODS WITH IOT
DATE: DEVICES (ZIGBEE, GSM, BLUETOOTH)

AIM:
To explore different communication methods with IoT devices (Zigbee, GSM,
Bluetooth).
DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION METHODS:

IoT devices require reliable and efficient communication methods to transmit data and
interact with other devices or systems. Here are three commonly used communication
methods for IoT devices:
Zigbee:

Zigbee is a low-power wireless communication protocol designed for short-range

communication between devices. It operates on the 2.4 GHz frequency band and supports
mesh networking, allowing devices to communicate with each other through intermediate
nodes. Zigbee is commonly used in home automation, industrial control, and smart
energy applications.
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications):

GSM is a widely used cellular network technology that enables IoT devices to
connect to the internet using SIM cards. It operates on various frequency bands and
provides wide coverage, making it suitable for applications that require long-range
communication. GSM is commonly used in applications such as asset tracking, remote
monitoring, and smart cities.
Bluetooth:

Bluetooth is a short-range wireless communication technology that operates on

the 2.4 GHz frequency band. It is commonly used for connecting IoT devices to
smartphones, tablets, and other nearby devices. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a power-
efficient version of Bluetooth that is ideal for battery-powered IoT devices. Bluetooth is
widely used in applications such as wearable devices, healthcare monitoring, and home
automation.

Each communication method has its advantages and limitations, and the choice depends
on the specific requirements of the IoT application. Factors to consider include range, power
consumption, data rate, security, and interoperability with other devices or systems.

31
6A. To demonstrate the process of interfacing a Bluetooth module (specifically HC-05)
with an Arduino board to wirelessly control the state of an LED.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
● thingZkit IoT Board
● Jumper wires
● USB cable for Arduino Uno.
● Power Adapter Cable(12V/3A) for thingZkit IoT
● Computer with Arduino IDE installed.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
Arduino IDE software
PROCEDURE:
● Connect the VCC pin of the Bluetooth module to the 5V pin on the Arduino Uno
● Connect the GND pin of the Bluetooth module to the GND pin on Arduino.
● Connect the TX pin of the Bluetooth module to the RX pin on Arduino.
● Connect the RX pin of the Bluetooth module to the TX pin on Arduino.
● Open the Arduino IDE and go to "Sketch" -> "Include Library" -> "Manage Libraries..."
● Search for "SoftwareSerial" and install it if your module requires it
● Power on the Arduino Uno. Set your Bluetooth module in pairing mode (consult the
module's documentation for instructions).
● Pair your computer or mobile device with the Bluetooth module.
● Send commands from your computer or mobile device to the Bluetooth module to
control the connected IoT devices.

CONNECTION DIAGRAM:

32
 PROGRAM:

char data = 0;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
if(Serial.available() > 0)
{
data = Serial.read();
Serial.print(data);
Serial.print("\n");
if(data == 'A')
digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
else if(data == 'B')
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
}
}
OUTPUT: BLUETOOTH MODULE IN ARDUINO UNO

RESULT :
Thus the output was verified for communication between IOT Node using a Bluetooth
Module and Arduino UNO board.
33
EXP NO:7 INTRODUCTION TO THE RASPBERRY PI PLATFORM AND
DATE: PYTHON PROGRAMMING

Introduction to Raspberry Pi Pico W:

The Raspberry Pi Pico W is a compact and affordable microcontroller board developed
by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. Building upon the success of the Raspberry Pi Pico, the Pico
W variant brings wireless connectivity to the table, making it an even more versatile platform
for embedded projects. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the
Raspberry Pi Pico W, highlighting its key features and capabilities.
Features:
• RP2040 microcontroller with 2MB of flash memory
• On-board single-band 2.4GHz wireless interfaces (802.11n)
• Micro USB B port for power and data (and for reprogramming the flash)
• 40 pins 21mmx51mm ‘DIP’ style 1 mm thick PCB with 0.1′′ through-hole pins also
with edge castellations
• Exposes 26 multi-function 3.3V general purpose I/O (GPIO)
• 23 GPIO are digital-only, with three also being ADC-capable
• Can be surface mounted as a module
• 3-pin ARM serial wire debug (SWD) port
• Simple yet highly flexible power supply architecture
• Various options for easily powering the unit from micro-USB, external supplies, or
batteries
• High quality, low cost, high availability
• Comprehensive SDK, software examples, and documentation
• Dual-core Cortex M0+ at up to 133MHz
• On-chip PLL allows variable core frequency
• 264kByte multi-bank high-performance SRAM
Raspberry Pi Pico W:
The Raspberry Pi Pico W is based on the RP2040 microcontroller, which was designed
by Raspberry Pi in-house. It combines a powerful ARM Cortex-M0+ processor with built-in
Wi-Fi connectivity, opening up a range of possibilities for IoT projects, remote monitoring,
and wireless communication. The Pico W retains the same form factor as the original Pico,
making it compatible with existing Pico accessories and add-ons.

34
RP2040 Microcontroller:

At the core of the Raspberry Pi Pico W is the RP2040 microcontroller. It features a dual-
core ARM Cortex-M0+ processor running at 133MHz, providing ample processing
power for a wide range of applications. The microcontroller also includes 264KB of
SRAM, which is essential for storing and manipulating data during runtime.
Additionally, the RP2040 incorporates 2MB of onboard flash memory for program
storage, ensuring sufficient space for your code and firmware.
Wireless Connectivity:

The standout feature of the Raspberry Pi Pico W is its built-in wireless connectivity.
It includes an onboard Cypress CYW43455 Wi-Fi chip, which supports dual-band
(2.4GHz and 5GHz) Wi-Fi 802.11b/g/n/ac. This allows the Pico W to seamlessly connect
to wireless networks, communicate with other devices, and access online services. The
wireless capability opens up new avenues for IoT projects, remote monitoring and
control, and real-time data exchange.

GPIO and Peripherals:

Similar to the Raspberry Pi Pico, the Pico W offers a generous number of GPIO pins,
providing flexibility for interfacing with external components and peripherals. It features
26 GPIO pins, of which 3 are analog inputs, and supports various protocols such as
UART, SPI, I2C, and PWM. The Pico W also includes onboard LED indicators and a
micro-USB port for power and data connectivity.

MicroPython and C/C++ Programming:

The Raspberry Pi Pico W can be programmed using MicroPython, a beginner-

friendly programming language that allows for rapid prototyping and development.
MicroPython provides a simplified syntax and high-level abstractions, making it easy for

35
newcomers to get started. Additionally, the Pico W is compatible with C/C++
programming, allowing experienced developers to leverage the rich ecosystem of
libraries and frameworks available.

Programmable Input/Output (PIO) State Machines:

One of the unique features of the RP2040 microcontroller is the inclusion of

Programmable Input/Output (PIO) state machines. These state machines provide
additional processing power and flexibility for handling real-time data and timing-critical
applications. The PIO state machines can be programmed to interface with custom
protocols, generate precise waveforms, and offload tasks from the main processor,
enhancing the overall performance of the system.

Open-Source and Community Support

As with all Raspberry Pi products, the Pico W benefits from the vibrant and
supportive Raspberry Pi community. Raspberry Pi provides extensive documentation,
including datasheets, pinout diagrams, and programming guides, to assist developers in
understanding the board’s capabilities. The community offers forums, online tutorials,
and project repositories, allowing users to seek help, share knowledge, and collaborate
on innovative projects.

The Raspberry Pi Pico W brings wireless connectivity to the popular Raspberry Pi Pico
microcontroller board. With its powerful RP2040 microcontroller, built-in Wi-Fi chip,
extensive GPIO capabilities, and compatibility with MicroPython and C/C++
programming, the Pico W offers a versatile and affordable platform for a wide range of
embedded projects. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced developer, the

36
Raspberry Pi Pico W provides a user-friendly and flexible platform to bring your ideas
to life and explore the exciting world of wireless IoT applications.

Getting Started with Thonny MicroPython (Python) IDE:

If you want to program your ESP32 and ESP8266 with MicroPython firmware, it’s very
handy to use an IDE. you’ll have your first LED blinking using MicroPython and Thonny
IDE.

What is MicroPython?

MicroPython is a Python 3 programming language re-implementation targeted for

microcontrollers and embedded systems. MicroPython is very similar to regular Python.
Apart from a few exceptions, the language features of Python are also available in
MicroPython. The most significant difference between Python and MicroPython is that
MicroPython was designed to work under constrained conditions.
Because of that, MicroPython does not come with the entire pack of standard libraries. It
only includes a small subset of the Python standard libraries, but it includes modules to
easily control and interact with the GPIOs, use Wi-Fi, and other communication
protocols.

Thonny IDE:

Thonny is an open-source IDE which is used to write and upload MicroPython programs
to different development boards such as Raspberry Pi Pico, ESP32, and ESP8266. It is
an extremely interactive and easy to learn IDE as it is known as the beginner-friendly
IDE for new programmers. With the help of Thonny, it becomes very easy to code in
Micropython as it has a built-in debugger that helps to find any error in the program by
debugging the script line by line.

You can realize the popularity of Thonny IDE from this that it comes pre-installed in
Raspian OS which is an operating system for a Raspberry Pi. It is available to install on
r Windows, Linux, and Mac OS.

37
A) Installing Thonny IDE – Windows PC

Thonny IDE comes installed by default on Raspbian OS that is used with the
Raspberry Pi board. To install Thonny on your Windows PC, follow the next
instructions:
1. Go to https://thonny.org

2. Download the version for Windows and wait a few seconds while it downloads.

3. Run the .exe file.

38
4. Follow the installation wizard to complete the installation process. You just need to click
“Next”.

5. After completing the installation, open Thonny IDE. A window as shown in the
following figure should open.

39
CONNECTION DIAGRAM:

Raspberry Pi Pico Pin Raspberry Pi Pico

Development Board
GP15 R
GP14 G
GP13 B
Hardware Connection:
❖ Connect the On-Board Anode RGB LED to thingZkit IoT as per the aboveConnection
Diagram.
❖ Connect each of the RGB pins to digital pins (e.g., GPIO 15 pin for Red, GPIO 14pin for
Green, and GPIO 13 pin for Blue) on thingZkit IoT through Jumper Wire
❖ Ensure that the connections are secure, and the components are properly seatedon the
board.
thingZkit IoT Configuration:
❖ Connect thingZkit IoT (Pico) to your computer using the USB cable.
❖ Open Thonny software and select the appropriate board and port. ❖ Open the CodeFolder
using Thonny Software.
❖ Upload the code and observe the output on the hardware and Thonny shell
PROGRAM
RGB:
import machine as Gpio
import utime as TM

40
 # Define the RGB LED pins (common cathode)
Red_Pin = Gpio.Pin(15, Gpio.Pin.OUT)
Green_Pin = Gpio.Pin(14, Gpio.Pin.OUT)
Blue_Pin = Gpio.Pin(13, Gpio.Pin.OUT)

# Helper function to set RGB color

def set_rgb_color(red, green, blue):
Red_Pin.value(red)
Green_Pin.value(green)
Blue_Pin.value(blue)

# Main loop
while True:
# Red
set_rgb_color(1, 0, 0)
TM.sleep(1)

# Green
set_rgb_color(0, 1, 0)
TM.sleep(1)

# Blue
set_rgb_color(0, 0, 1)
TM.sleep(1)

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, the program to control LED using the Zigbee Module was executed successfully.

41
EXP NO:8 INTERFACING SENSORS WITH RASPBERRY PI
DATE:
AIM:
To interface the IR sensor and Ultrasonic sensor with Raspberry Pico.

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Hardware & Software Requirements Quantity

1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board 1

3 Jumper Wires few

4 Micro USB Cable 1

5 IR Sensor 1

6 Ultrasonic sensor 1

CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Pico
IR Sensor Module
Pin
GP14 OUT

PROGRAM:
IR Sensor:
import machine as gpio
import utime as TM

# Define the GPIO pin for the IR sensor

Sensor_In = gpio.Pin(14, gpio.Pin.IN)

42
 # Function to read and print the IR sensor's digital output
def read_ir_sensor():
sensor_output = Sensor_In.value()
if sensor_output == 0:
print("IR sensor detected an object.")
else:
print("IR sensor did not detect an object.")

# Main loop
while True:
read_ir_sensor()
TM.sleep(1) # Add a delay between readings

Experiment Setup:
Hardware Connection:
❖ Connect the On-Board IR Sensor to thingZkit IoT as per the Connection Diagramabove.
❖ Connect the On Board IR Sensor to thingZkit IoT (OUT– GPIO 14 Pin )
❖ Ensure that the connections are secure, and the components are properly seatedon the
board.
thingZkit IoT Configuration:
❖ Connect thingZkit IoT to your computer using the USB cable.
❖ Open Thonny software and select the appropriate board and port.
❖ Open the Correct Code folder.
❖ Upload the code and observe the output on the hardware and Thonny shell.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:

The execution of LED control using python programming with RaspberryPi Pico was verified.

43
EXP NO:9 COMMUNICATE BETWEEN ARDUINO AND RASPBERRY PI
DATE: USING WIRELESS MODEM

AIM:
To write and control the onboard LED via UART communication using Pico on the
thingZkit IoT board.

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Hardware & Software Requirements Quantity

1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board 1
3 Arduino Uno Development Board 1
4 Jumper Wires few
5 Micro USB Cable 1
6 Bluetooth Module 2

CONNECTIONS:

PICO
TTL(USB TO UART CONVERTER)
GP1 TX
GP0 RX
GND GND

44
Experiment Setup:
Hardware Connection:
❖ Connect the USB to UART Converter to Thingzkit IoT as per the Connection
Diagram above.
❖ Connect the USB to UART Converter to Thingzkit IoT(RX– GP0 Pin, TX – GP1Pin,
GND - GND)
❖ Ensure that the connections are secure, and the components are properly seatedon the
board.
thingZkit IoT Configuration:
❖ Connect thingZkit IoT to your computer using the USB cable.
❖ Open Thonny software and select the appropriate board and port.
❖ Open the Correct Code folder.
❖ Upload the code to Pico controller
Note: Uploading or Flashing Procedure refer Annexure -I
❖ Open the Arduino IDE → Click Tools→ Click port → Select correct COM port.

❖ Parallely open Serial Monitor and Thonny Software shell

❖ Serial Monitor→ Select Baud rate→ 9600
❖ Give ON and OFF Command to sender Box and click send Button
❖ Observe the output on the Hardware and Thonny shell.

45
PROGRAM:
import machine as gpio
import utime as TM

# Define the LED pin

led_pin = gpio.Pin("LED", gpio.Pin.OUT)

# Define the UART (serial) port

uart = gpio.UART(0, baudrate=9600, tx=gpio.Pin(0), rx=gpio.Pin(1)) # Use GPIO 0 (TX)
and GPIO 1 (RX)

while True:
# Read data from the serial port
Slave_Data = uart.readline()

if Slave_Data:
Slave_Data = Slave_Data.decode().strip() # Decode the received Slave_Data as a string

# Check the received command

if Slave_Data == 'ON':
led_pin.value(1) # Turn on the LED
print("LED is ON")
elif Slave_Data == 'OFF':
led_pin.value(0) # Turn off the LED
print("LED is OFF")
else:
print("Invalid command")

TM.sleep(0.1) # Add a small delay to avoid busy-waiting

46
 OUTPUT:

RESULT:
The execution of the program to Communicate between Arduino and Raspberry PI using any wireless
medium (Bluetooth) was verified.

47
EXP NO:10 SETUP A CLOUD PLATFORM TO LOG THE DATA
DATE:

AIM:
To study the experiment to set up a cloud platform to log the data from IoT devices.

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No. Software Requirements Quantity

1 Blynk Platform 1

CLOUD PLATFORM-BLYNK:

Blynk is a smart platform that allows users to create their Internet of Things
applications without the need for coding or electronics knowledge. It is based on the idea
of physical programming & provides a platform to create and control devices where users
can connect physical devices to the Internet and control them using a mobile app.

Setting up Blynk 2.0 Application

To control the LED using Blynk and Raspberry Pi Pico W, you need to create a Blynk
project and set up a dashboard in the mobile or web application. Here’s how you can set up
the dashboard:

Step 1: Visit blynk.cloud and create a Blynk account on the Blynk website. Or you can
simply sign in using the registered Email ID.

Step 2: Click on +New Template.

48
Step 3: Give any name to the Template such as Raspberry Pi Pico W. Select ‘Hardware
Type’ as Other and ‘Connection Type’ as WiFi.

So a template will be created now.

49
Step 4: Now we need to add a ‘New Device’ now.

Select a New Device from ‘Template’.

Select the device from a template that you created earlier and also give any name to the
device. Click on Create.

50
A new device will be created. You will find the Blynk Authentication Token Here. Copy it
as it is necessary for the code.

Step 5: Now go to the dashboard and select ‘Web Dashboard’.

From the widget box drag a switch and place it on the dashboard screen.

51
 Step 6: On the switch board click on Settings and here you need to set up the Switch.
Give any title to it and Create Datastream as Virtual Pin.

Configure the switch settings as per the image below and click on create.

Configure the final steps again.

52
 With this Blynk dashboard set up, you can now proceed to program the Raspberry Pi
Pico W board to control the LED.

Step 7: To control the LED with a mobile App or Mobile Dashboard, you also need to set up
the Mobile Phone Dashboard. The process is similarly explained above.

Install the Blynk app on your smartphone. The Blynk app is available for iOS and
Android. Download and install the app on your smartphone. then need to set up both the
Mobile App and the Mobile Dashboard in order to control the LED with a mobile device.

53
 PROCEDURE:
The process is explained above.

1. Open Google Play Store App on an android phone

2. Open Blynk.App
3. Log In to your account (using the same email and password)
4. Switch to Developer Mode
5. Find the “Raspberry Pi Pico Pico W” template we created on the web and tap on it
6. Tap on the “Raspberry Pi Pico Pico W” template (this template
automatically comes because we created it on our dashboard).
7. Tap on plus icon on the left-right side of the window
8. Add one button Switch
9. Now We Successfully Created an android template
10. it will work similarly to a web dashboard template

RESULT:

The cloud platform set up to log the data from IoT devices was verified.

54
EXP NO:11 Log Data using Raspberry PI and upload it to the
DATE: Cloud Platform

AIM:
To study and write a program to Log Data using Raspberry PI and upload it to the
cloud platform

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Hardware & Software Requirements Quantity

1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board few
3 Jumper Wires 1

4 Micro USB Cable 1

CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Pico Raspberry Pi Pico

LCD Module
Pin Development Board
- 5V VCC
- GND GND
GP0 - SDA
GP1 - SCL

PROGRAM:

from machine import Pin, I2C, ADC

from utime import sleep_ms
from pico_i2c_lcd import I2cLcd
import time
import network
import BlynkLib

adc = machine.ADC(4)
i2c=I2C(0, sda=Pin(0), scl=Pin(1), freq=400000)
I2C_ADDR=i2c.scan()[0]
lcd=I2cLcd(i2c,I2C_ADDR,2,16)

wlan = network.WLAN()
wlan.active(True)
wlan.connect("Wifi_Username","Wifi_Password")

BLYNK_AUTH = 'Your_Token'

55
 # connect the network wait = 10
while wait > 0:
if wlan.status() < 0 or wlan.status() >= 3:
break
wait -= 1
print('waiting for connection...')
time.sleep(1)

# Handle connection error

if wlan.status() != 3:
raise RuntimeError('network connection failed')
else:
print('connected') ip=wlan.ifconfig()[0]
print('IP: ', ip)

"Connection to Blynk" # Initialize Blynk

blynk = BlynkLib.Blynk(BLYNK_AUTH)

lcd.clear()
while True:
ADC_voltage = adc.read_u16() * (3.3 / (65536))

temperature_celcius = 27 - (ADC_voltage - 0.706)/0.001721

temp_fahrenheit=32+(1.8*temperature_celcius)
print("Temperature in C: {}".format(temperature_celcius))
print("Temperature in F: {}".format(temp_fahrenheit))

lcd.move_to(0,0)
lcd.putstr("Temp:")
lcd.putstr(str(round(temperature_celcius,2)))
lcd.putstr("C ")
lcd.move_to(0,1)
lcd.putstr("Temp:")
lcd.putstr(str(round(temp_fahrenheit,2)))
lcd.putstr("F")
time.sleep(5)
blynk.virtual_write(3, temperature_celcius)
blynk.virtual_write(4, temp_fahrenheit)
blynk.log_event(temperature_celcius)
blynk.run()
time.sleep(5)

RESULT:
The execution of the program to Log Data using Raspberry PI and upload it to the cloud platform was
verified.

56
EXP NO:12 DESIGN AN IOT-BASED SYSTEM
DATE:

AIM:
To study the design of a Smart Home Automation using an IOT-based system

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Hardware & Software Requirements Quantity

1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board few
3 Jumper Wires 1

4 Micro USB Cable 1

5 LED or Relay 1

PROCEDURE:

CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Pico Raspberry Pi Pico

Pin Development Board
GP16 LED 1

57
 PROGRAM:

import time
import network
import BlynkLib
from machine import Pin led=Pin(16, Pin.OUT)

wlan = network.WLAN()
wlan.active(True)
wlan.connect("Wifi_Username","Wifi_Password")
BLYNK_AUTH = 'Your_Token'

# connect the network wait = 10

while wait > 0:
if wlan.status() < 0 or wlan.status() >= 3:
break
wait -= 1
print('waiting for connection...')
time.sleep(1)

# Handle connection error

if wlan.status() != 3:
raise RuntimeError('network connection failed')
else:
print('connected')
ip=wlan.ifconfig()[0]
print('IP: ', ip)

"Connection to Blynk"
# Initialize Blynk
blynk = BlynkLib.Blynk(BLYNK_AUTH)

# Register virtual pin handler

@blynk.on("V0") #virtual pin V0
def v0_write_handler(value): #read the value
if int(value[0]) == 1:
led.value(1) #turn the led on
else:
led.value(0) #turn the led off
while True:
blynk.run()

RESULT:

The design of a Smart Home Automation using IOT-based system was verified successfully.

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