AIR REGULATIONS MARSHALLING SIGNALS FROM A SIGNALMAN TO AN AIRCRAFT Note 1:— These signals are designed for use by the signalman, with hands illuminate as Mecacny| to facilitate observation by the pilot, and facing the aircraft in a position; a) for fixed-wing aircraft, on the left side of aircraft, where best seen by the pilot; and : b) for helicopters, where the signalman can best be seen by the pilot. Note 2:— The meaning of the relevant signals remains the same if bats, illuminated wands or torch lights are held. Note 3:— The aircraft engines are numbered, from right to left (i.e. No. I engine being the port Note 4: for the signalman facing the aircraft, t outer engine). Signals marked with an asterisk (*)are designed for use to hovering helicopters, Note 5:— References to wands may be also read to refer to daylight fluorescent-coloured table-tennis bats or gloves (daytime only). Prior to using the following signals, the signalman shalll ascertain that the area within which an aircraft is to be guided is clear of objects which the aircraft, might otherwise strike. Note:— The design of many aircraft is such that the Path of the wing tips, engines and other extremities cannot always be monitored visually from the flight deck while the aireraft is being manoeuvred on the ground, \ 1. Wingwalker/ guide Raise right hand above head level with wand Pointing up, move ‘a left hand wand pointing down toward body, Le Note:- This signal pri ‘vides an indication by a Person positioned at - gnal, n positione the aircraft wingtip, to the pilot/marshaller/pushback operator, that the aircraft movement i ons age unobstructed. off a parking position would be 2, Identify Gate Raise fully extended $ i pata oe arms straight above head with wands 98RULES OF THE AIR 3. Proceed to next signalman or as directed by tower! ground control. Point both arms upward; move and extend arms outward to side of body and point with wands to direction of next signalman or taxi area. 4, Straight Ahead Bend extended arms at elbows and move wands up and down from chest height to head. 5 a). Turn left 5b). Turn right \,_ om the pilots (from the pilots point of view). point of view) With right arm and With right arm and wand extended at a 90° angle to body, make “come ahead” signal with left hand. wand extended at f a 90° angle to body, make “come ahead” signal with right ‘The rate of signal hand. The rate motion indicates of signal motion to pilot the rate of indicates to pilot the aireraft turn. rate of aircraft turn. 6a) Normal | 6b). Stop _ or Emergency Fully extend . arms and Abruptly extend wands at a 90° arms and wands angle to sides to top of head, and slowly crossing wands. move to above head until wands cross. 99AIR REGULATIONS 7a). Set Brakes a a b), Release Raise hand just above raheem shoulder height with Raise hand just above open palm. Ensuring shoulder height eye contact with flight crew, close hand into a fist. Do not move until receipt of thumbs up acknowledgment from flight crew. with hand closed in a fist. Ensuring eye contact with flight crew, open palm, Do not move until receipt of “thumbs up” acknowledgment from flight crew. 8 a). Chocks 8 b). Chocks Inserted Removed With arms and wands fully extended above head, move wands inward in a “jabbing” motion until wands touch. Ensure an With arms and wands fully extended above head, move wands outward in a “jabbing” motion. Do not 2 remove chocks until acknowledgment is authorised by the received from flight flight crew. crew. 9. Start engine(s) Raise right arm to head level with wand pointing up and start a circular motion with hand, at the same time with the left arm raised above head level, point to engine to be starte 100RULES OF THE AIR 10. Cut Engines pent arm with wand forward of body at shoulder level; move and and wand to top of left shoulder and draw wand to top of right shoulder in a slicing motion across throat. 11. Slow Down ‘Move extended arms downwards in a “patting” gesture, moving wands up and down from waist to knees. 12. Slow down engine(s) on indicated side. With arms down and wands toward ground, wave either right or left wand up and down indicating engine(s) on left or right side respectively should be slowed down. 13. Move Back With the arms in fro in a forward motion. a) or 6b). nt of the body at waist height, rotate arms ‘To stop rearward movement, use Signals 6 101AIR REGULATIONS 14 b). Turns while backing. (for tail to port) Point right arm with wand down and bring left arm from overhead vertical position to horizontal forward position, forward position, repeating right-arm repeating left-arm movement. movement. 14 a). Turns while backing - (for tail to starboard) Point left arm with wand down and bring right arm from overhead vertical position to horizontal 15. Affirmative/all clear Raise right arm to head level with wand pointing up or display hand with “thumbs up”; left arm remains at side by knee. Note:- This signal is also used as a technical/ servicing communication signal, *16. Hover Fully extend arms and wands at a 90° angle to sides. 102RULES OF THE AIR *17, Move upwards Fully extend arms and wands at a 90° angle to sides and with palms turned up move hands upwards. Speed of movement indicates rate of ascent. *18. Move downwards Fully extend arms and wands at a 90° angle to sides and with palms turned down move hands downwards. Speed of movement indicates rate of descen. *19 a). Move *19 b). Move horizontally horizontally left right (from pilots point of view) Extend arm horizontally at a 90° angle to left side of body. Move other arm in same direction in a sweeping motion. (from pilots point of view) Extend arm horizontally at a 90° angle to right side of the body. Move other arm in same direction in a sweeping motion. *20. Land Cross arms with wands downwards and in front of body. 103AIR REGULATIONS 21. Hold position/ stand-by Fully extend arms and wands downwards at a 45° angle to sides. Hold position until aircraft is clear for next maneuver. 22. Dispatch Aircraft Perform a standard salute with right hand and/or wand to dispatch the aircraft. Maintain eye contact with flight crew until aircraft has begun to taxi. 23. Do not touch controls (technical/ servicing communication signal) Extend right arm fully above head and close fist or hold wand in horizontal position; left arm remains at side by knee. 24. Connect Ground Power (technical/ servicing communication signal) Hold arms fully extended above head, open left hand horizontally and move finger tips of right hand into and touch the open palm of left hand (forming a “I”). At night, illuminat® wands can also be used to form the “Iabove the head. 104RULES OF THE AIR 25. Disconnect Power (technical/servicing communication signal) Hold arms fully extended above head with finger tips of right hand touching open horizontal palm of left. hand (forming a I”), then move right hand away from left. Do not disconnect power until authorised by flight crew. At night, illuminated wands can also be used to form the “I” above head. 26, Negative (technical/servicing communication signal) Hold right arm straight out at 90° from shoulder and point wand down to ground or display hand with “thumbs down”, left hand remains at side by knee. 27. Establish communication via interphone (technical/servicing communication signal) Extend both arms at 90° from body and move hands to cup both ears. 28. Open/close stairs (technical/servicing communication signal) With right arm at side and left arm raised above head at a 45° angle, move right arm in a sweeping motion towards top of left shoulder. Note:: This signal is intended mainly for aircraft with the set of integral stairs at the front. 105AIR REGULATIONS STANDARD EMERGENCY HAND SIGNALS: ‘ ign a s the minimum required 4 The following hand signals are established as ( or emergency communication between the ARFF incident commander/ARFF firefighters and the cockpit and/or cabin crews of the incident aircraft. ARF emergency hand signals should be given from the left front side of the aircraft for the cockpit crew. Note:- In order to communicate more effectively with the cabin crew, emergency hand signals may be given by ARFF from other positions. \ 1, Recommend 2, Recommended cer g Evacuation - Stop - 7 Evacuation recommended Recommend evacuation based on ARFF and Incident in progress be halted. Commander's assessment of Stop aircraft movement @, external situation, ~ or other activity in ia Arm extended from body and ; eae % 4 _held horizontal with hand Arms in front of head ~ as upraised at eye level. Execute Crossed at wrists beckoning arm motion angled . : backward. Non-beckoning arm Night — same with wands held against body. Night — same with wands. 3, Emergency Contained No outside evidence of dangerous conditions or “all-clear.” Arms extended outward and down at a 45 degree angle. Arms moved inward below waistline simultaneously until wrists crossed, then extended outward to starting position (umpire’s “safe” signal). Night — same with wands, 4, Fire Move right hand wand ina “fanning” motion from the shoulder to the knee, while at the same time pointing with the left-hand wand to the area of the fire, 106RULES OF THE AIR From the pilot of an aircraft to a signalman: BRAKES a) Brakes engaged: raise arm and hand, with fingers extended, horizontally in front of face, then clench fist. b) Brakes released: raise arm, with fist clenched, horizontally in front of face, then extend fingers. CHOCKS a) Insert chocks: arms extended, palms outwards, move hands inwards to cross in front of face. b) Remove chocks: hands crossed in front of face, palms outwards, move arms outwards. 107