ano WORKBOOK GATE 2023 ~ 1) Electronics Engineering Control Systems PublicationsContents a~ WORKBOOK Ya Geely Engineering Important Formulae ava. 1. Basics of Control S)$t0M5 oneness 2 Block Diagram and Signal Flow Gtaph nue 3. Time Response Analysis 4 Stable 5 Robt Locus Technique 6 Frequency Response Analysis 7 Compensators and Controllers. 3B State Space Analysis 4 40 48 2 68Control Systems IMPORTANT FORMULAE 1. Mathematical Modelling 1, Mechanical Translational System Input : Force Qutput: Linear displacement (x) OR Linear velocity (v) (a) Inertia force F — Force on block M x — Displacement of block M v > Velocity of block M M — Mass of block M where, (b) Damping force F > Damper force 24.) = Displacementat side 1 and 2 of damper Vy. Yp=9 Velocity at side 1 and 2 f+ Damper constant (©) Spring force Ee Ee 6p $s F = K(x, ~ x2) = kf (vs ~ va)at where F > Spring force y.%, > Displacement at side 1 and 2 of spring Vj, Vp > Velocity at side 1 and 2 k > Spring constant 2 dor 2a F004 Fh 2. Mechanical Rotational System input : Torque (T) Output : Angular displacement (0) OR Angular velocity () (a) Inertia torque String or rod oe at wher T > Torque 0» Angular displacement > Angular velocity J Inertia {b) Dampertorque oe 8 So where, f+ Damping coefficient (©) Spring torque | fp CEE | Ge [r ko=kJodt| where, K — Torsional stiffness Analogous System Electrical equivalent of mechanical system is called analogous system 1. Mechanical Translation of Systems Fy [ey FaR+h+h| : |F=M:4. Electronics Engineering ® Control Systems Fe wes Sete ke 2. Mechanical Rotational Systems 7 (due to inertia) do Tad Zp t fot Kfoat [VeVeh+% dq Ao, vatSg agi ag) where, q— Charge, i= Current, V— Voltage 4, Electrical Parallel RLC Systems where, > Fluxlinkage TaeTane WTAOS & fag wan NoRDerY Sv JON OI jysenred Valin ou MADE EASY Force Voltage Analogy & Force Current Analogy Mechanical | Mechanical Series RLC | ParatenRLc| Transiaton | Rotational ‘Systm ‘syst @ ® z @ ni V__| Linear vloety (| Anna veloc (a) we wie k z © i z Transfer function G(s) TFS FE G(s)Hs) Block Diagram Reduction origina Blok agra Equivalent Bock DiagramMADE EASY Tea! T Rankimprovement Workbook 5 3. Time Response Analysis of Control System Time response of a first order control system es) Ris) ° a Transter Function Gs)_ 1 As) sT +4 c%s) (Response to Unit Impulse Input Function Time response expression te Mason's gain formula te 1 Pa ADP Sensitivity + For open loop control system wy _ IS), MCS) _, ¢ Mis)" aG(s) ‘* For closed loop control system "7 1 Se 1+ G(s) H(s) + Sensitivity of Overall Transfer Function M(s) With Respect to Feedback Path Transfer Function H(s) uy G(s) Hts) 4 "T+ G(s) H(s) Jo it) ot) =F (li) Response to Unit Step Input Function 1 Cts) = s(sT +1) ao 98 083 i ar te Trarsiont a steady stato + Time response expression ott) = £*{C(s)} + Error o(t) =r(t) ~ oft) = eTu(t) + Steady state error 55 = Lim ett Note: = Lower the time constant faster is the time response of acontrol system, (ii) Response to Unit Ramp Input Function + Time response expression ot) + Te" ult)6 Electronics Engineering © Control Systems + Error oft) + Steady State Error )- oft) =(T Time Response of Second Order Control System of s{s+284,) RG) os) * Transfer function os) of Ais) 2Ew,5 +0 «, > Natural frequency of oscillations = Damping ratio Ew, + Damping factor * Damped frequency Oy = @,V1- 2 a, > Damped frequency of oscillations whore, where, Response to Unit Step Input Function * Time response expression Case-1:£ < 12. Underdamped oscillations 5 anal ~~ Vinee | @= ten" sinogt + 4) u(t), Note: Response settles within 296 of the desired value (1 unit) after damping out the oscilations in atime 4T (or 4/0). Case-1: & = 0 i.e. Sustained (undamped) Oscillations ott) 05 0,f)u(t) ie, Critically Damped Oscillations ot) = Case-2: -o (14 ont) e 3 MADE EASY : E > 1 Le, Overdamped Oscillations fy Gee) Transient Response Specifications of Second Order Control System a e(t) Peak overshoot aaa one » Delay Time (t,) [. 140.78 y 4, Settling Time (t,) For 2% tolerance band, 4 4 3 For 5% tolerance ban, t=3e= 5. Peak Over Shoot (M,) %M, =e ( Note: + The time period of the oscillation before reaching the steady state. 2 1 ‘wiradeenpiaionsonMADE EASY + Number of oscillation before reaching steady state is Testing N. Tosctation Steady State Error Ris) Els) =F ais)H(@) Steady state error, = im €(0 | (in time-domain) ©42 = lim sE(s) | (in s-domain) =lims_—Ps)_ oe = 1S Te Gls) HS) 1. Steady State Error for Different Types of Input (i) Step input R(s) = 4 5 A On TK, K, = lim G(s) H(3) Ramp input Als) = A ¥ K, = lim s@(s)H(s) Als) = A r on =| [Kee Jigs? as) A) 2. Steady State Error for Different Types of System raneva JoWW Oven zo 20 FU p04 Fh T rank improvement Workbook 7 4, Stability in Time-Domain Root Locus Root locus is defined as the locus of closed loop poles obtained when system gain K is varied from Oto, ‘Angle Condition Angle condition is used for checking whether Certain points lie on root locus or not and hence, the validity of root locus for closed loop poles Fora pointto lie on rodtloculs, the angle evaluated at that point must be an odd multiple of # 180° .e 8(2q + 1)180°, Magnitude Condition The magnitude condition is used for finding the system gain Kiat any point on root locus. [G(s)H(s)| = 1 Angle of Asymptotes + Number of asymptotes = P-Z (2q +1180" © Angle of asymptote: a symp Buz (where, g=0, 1, 2,--9 5. Centroid Centroid is the point of intersection of asymptote on the real axis. Real part of __ Real part of open loop poles ~ open loop zeros P-Z Centroid = 6 Angle of departure and arrival ‘The angle of departure is tangent to the root locus. at the complex poles. Qp= 180° +0 ‘The angle of arrival is tangent to the root locus at ‘Type _[ Step input | Ramp input | Parabolic input the complex zero Type-0] A = = TK 3g q = 180° - 6 Typet| 0 A - k 062-4, Type-2 ° ° A $e" to K Seeman MADE RSH enanedomaypbodinayB electronics Engineering © Control systems 5. Compensator Lead Compensator R fs | VAs) 3 V,(s) _ a(t Ts) Vis) (sats) where, [T=RiC| and Lag Compensator R, Ry Vis) v.{s) {| = | ie V,(s)__1+Ts V(s) 1+BTs where, TRC Lead-Lag/Lag-Lead Compensator ‘ TOT Bf tt Ry vo , vs) | T | V,(s) __a(1+ T,s) (1+ T, 8) Vs) (1+.aT,s) (1+ BT) s) whore, T.=F,G\| and [T= Fe Cp MADE EASY and Re R+R, * Frequency at which maximum phase occurs is w= Vab |radis. + Maximum phase) is given as a Sim =o 6. Frequency Response Analysis Transfer Function R(s) Resonant Frequency fy 26 2a, + oF & Resonant Peak [m= 2-8 Phase Angle at Resonant Frequency ee al wu 2 * Cutoff frequency 7 1-28 + aa 2] ©, * Bandwidth (P.M, [PM = 180+ 2600) HU + Gain Margin (G.M.) + Phase Mar loon 1 i] atphase _ =)... sroseover [6G0) HGe).u,. X| frequency G.M. (dB) = 20109] t ‘wiradeenpiaionsonMADE EASY G.M, and P.M. for Second Order System Re) os) e+ 28a) * Gain cross-over frequency @q-2E? + 484 +1 ®, * Phase margin T Rank improvement Workbook 9 + Centre of N-citcles Centre Nztane 7. State Space Analysis General Representation of State Model + State equation e+ BU, 1 2 1008 2b? + =| * Find magnitude in terms of w and write in terms of aB, Magnitude in dB [Mas = 206g] GUja) Aja) * Find the phase angle P.M. = tar Zo =tan{ MAginary part real part s if Gis)Hs)=K then [[Mga|=20l0gK System gain K shift the magnitude plot either in Upward or downward by "20 logk” * Slope aiMlip Siope = Togs | Constant Magnitude Loci (M: + Radius of M-circles Constant Phase Angles Loci (N-ci + Radius of NV-circles Radius = +t AN? = * Outputequation Controllability Q =[8 AB Condition for State Controllability [Qc[#0 |... (Matrix be non singular) Observability = [CTS ATCT (ATPCT 5. (AT) Condition for State Observability [Q.|#0 |... (Matrix be non singular) ‘Transfer function (T.F.) TF =C[st-AJ"8 + | jon matrix (STM) ef =o(t)=L" [(s7 - A] Properties of STM (i) 0(0) = identity matrix) Ci) = 9-9, (ii) [901 = ot iv) oft, + 4) = Ot) 016) AV) O(t— 6) Ol - G) = ME — b) State transitiBasics of Control Systems PSE) cea comers] @1_ For the system shown in the figure, Y(s\/X(s) xs) Ms) @.2._Open|oop transfer function of a system having cone zero with a positive real value is called {@)_z0r0 phase function (©) negative phase function (6) positive phase function (@)_non-minimum phase function @.3_ Which one of the following figures represents the magnitude plot of the transfer function Ho) _lte® , 2 1H ) cS) as Asystem has thetransfer function 5 is its gain at4 rad/sec? (@),0 (o) 2 () 5 1 For a system shown below, the unit step response is @ ue Ris) os) (@) (1430+ (14304 de~) (c) (1-3e 4-8e*4 de“) The transfer function to the given electrical K(1+03s) (50.178) of A, and R, are respectively, network shown in figure, he value car IE -¢-———_e- (a) 300 k@ and 3000 ka (b) 300 k@ and 400 ka {c) 400 k@ and 300 ka (0) 400 k@ and 300 kaMADE EASY T rank improvement Workbook ll Er @12 Why is a tachometer added to a servo @.7 A system is described by +y(0) = x(t), mechanism? a (@) Because itis easily adjustable where y(t) is output and x(t) is input. Then the (0) Because it can adjust damping impulse response of the system is (c) Because it converts velocity of the shaft to (2) e*u(o (0) tu a proportional DC voltage. 1 1 (d) Because it reduces steady-state error. © Ow @ 2 | @A3_Foratachometer, 0(0/is the rotor displacement, @.8 Inputis 8(1) and outputs 10¢* u(}), the TF of | 3 (tis the output voltage and K,is the tachometer the system is z constant. Which of the following represen’ 10 = transfer function? () S42 0) S10 g @) Ke ©) Kis 1 10 2 (©) Ks @ k, © S39 () S22 z . £ | 0.14 Whatis the stéady-state response of a system f ar tt : y 1 @.9 The IR of a control system is 102° u() the | 2 9-5 when unit step input is transfer function is equal to 2 Als) s° 43842 2 applied? aos o 3 (@) 05 (o) 10 ots ss g (o) 45 (0 3 10 = © sa6 @ ‘A mechanical system is shown in the figure = ‘below. The system is set into motion by applying 210 Anegatve feedback system has frwasd path} = € unit impulse force &(0). Assuming that the transfer function and feedback block SRGMBY | af ‘system is initially at rest and ignoring friction, s+2 = what is the displacement x(f) of mass? = and Hs) = 5*2 respectively. |s as) = wer 3 Hs) = Sag especie |g en The equivalent transfer function of the system | 3 will be M iy : 7 @ s +6845 ST S498" + 18542 2 : 543542 3 1 1 6b) = e (a) = exp(-M-t) (b) sin (t (°) Sy GPatass4 3 (Reem) 0) a sn s? +6545 = 1 & IK ) +** 3 @) te sin| JK -t]q | JE © s46s* 412544 3 © VMK ( M © Fe M @ si +3542 2 $95 418542 : FEST) objective quent QM The forward voltage transfer function of a two: @.16 Consider the vectors drawn from the poles and porinetworkis $*2-. Whatwil be the output | 22108 at ja = /1 on the imaginary axis as shown voltage if the input voltage is 8(0? in the given figure. The transfer function Gljt) is Y2sinlot—n/4) (b) cos wt-sin ot given by (c) cosét (A) v2sin(ot+n/4) Senne MADE EASE cenradeanybeaionrs12 Electronics Engineering _® Control Systems (a) 120 (b) 1.7281" (o) 1245° (6) 12-674" Years) Q17 What is the transfer function for the Ms) network shown below? R, Vea 7S G wo. (SC, +80, +°C,C,R,) x (1+8C.R, +8°C\L,)-sC, © Yeas sty Vysy (SC, + 8C, + 8°C\C,Ra)x (14 50,8, +5°C4)- sC () @2-__6,__s Vus) (SC, + SC, + 8° C;CR,)x (14 sC.R+8°CL) 1 10, + 8C, #5°C\C,Rp) X(TFSC\R, + 8°) Q.18 Alinear, time-invariant, causal continuous time system has a rational transfer function with 2 and s = -4, and one simple zero at s=—1. Aunit step u(t) is applied al the input of the system. At steady state, the output has const simple poles at s = t value of 1. The impulse response of this system is. Paneva JoWW Oven zo 20 FU p04 Fh MADE EASY Publizetions (2) [exp (-20 + oxp (-40] u(0) (0) HMoxo(-21) + 12exp(-4i)-exp(-)]u(*) (6) [-Aexp(-21) + 12exp(-4)}u(!) (2) [-0.Sexp(-20) + 1.5exp(-at)]u(2) @.19 The open loop transfer function of a unity 1 set bandwidth for this system, under open loop and closed loop operations ate respectively (a) 05 and 1.0rad/s () 1.0 and 0S radis. {c) 10 and 2.0rad/s (d) 20 and4.Orad/s feadback system is given as Gs) The @.20 The open loop transfer function with unity feedback is given by G(s) = s(5+2) The poles of the closed loop system are located al (@) 0,2 (b) 2.46, -4.46 {oy =1,-1 (9) -1,-2 @.21 In a negative, non-unity feedback G = 10000 and H=0.01 The gain G decreases from 10000 to 5000. The transfer function decreases by (a) 0.5% (&) 10% (©) 1% (6) 100% @.22 Tho gain of the amplifier without feedback is 1000, with feedback factor 0.009, the gain of the amplifier with negative feedback is @.23 Consider the following amplifier with negative feedback R, 0] | +10 Be Ifthe closed-loop gain of the above amplifier is +100, the value of B will beMADE EASY T rank improvement Workbook 13 Publlsations 1 2.24 IF the TF of a certain systom is 33> 2 *)ult) (c) 2(e%+ oul) (b) (ef ul (d) Ae e*u(0) @.25 The negative feedback control system has the 10 s(s+1) while the feedback path transfer function H(s) is 5, The sensitivity of the close loop transfer function with respect to G and Hat w = 1 rad/ sec is forward path transfer function as, G(s) = @.26 The pole-zero configuration of the transfer function is given below. If the value of the transfer function at ¢ = 1 is found to be 3.2, then the transfer function and gain factor K. 2 zo 20 FU p04 Fh 1 RCS+1 fa) (ROS +1) fe) w« RCS RCS () @.28 Consider the mechanical system given below. Ifthe system is set into motion by unit impulse force, then the frequency of resulting oscillations is a te) VRfiadses ) fM racise © [freatsec @ ™ mA XP radisec K @.29 The describing equation of a mass damper spring system is given by ad?x , de 20% osx = Ht at "at @ where 0) is the exteinal force acting on the system and.xis the displacement of mass, The steady slale displacement corresponding to a force of 2 Nis m ° R >it : «Dee 2 3 Zeon WBE RSS mcnentanaen14 Electrical Engineering ® Control Systems Baia ta La) = @) 17. (b) 24. (b) 2 @ 3 wm @ ou ©) 1s. 25. (1.0202) 26. () (9) co) (Sol.) 4 R 20, 27. (0) (b) () (6) 5. (d) 6 1“. 2 23. MADE EASY (©) 7. (b) & (a) @ 6 © 16. (a) (100) 23, (x10) (4) ‘wiradeenpiaionsonBlock Diagram and Signal Flow Graph . ° eo : @1_The signal flow graph of the system is shown | as) g below. The transfer function 2 of the system | # Os) vystem | a | @3_ The closed loop transfer function of the system & shawn Below is @ SE) 3 14+G,(s)H(s) 2 GG, G(5)G,(s) fq —— Se _ ©) aisaisrts) 2 THG+G, + H)He ) 2 ( 14+6,G, ~Gs z b) “ © Te@aisHs ; 1#(G, + Hy GH) Ge i GG, =G,ls) 2 © Weve sane © Epawne g THG+G,+GH,)G, 3 (a) GG @.2 The signal ow graph of the differential equation | 3 ©) TGsH, GAG given by 3 2, =| @.4 Consider the signal flow graph shown below SY 10% —5y - a de at : willbe represented as 5 (@) 9 5 ts | vs MS) 2 NL? i x 7 : rt 0 z ts 20 te 2 ©) wR RD mee The total number of forward paths and the 3 9 3 number of individual loops are respectively i (a) 4and3 (0) 4 ands . () 4and4 (d) Sands Senne MADE EASE ‘wmemaderepinkiosarg16 Electronics Engineering © Control Systems @.5__Thenumber of non-touching loop pais for signa flow graph given in the figure below is b c 14 Rielom ects) a (a) ae (b) ad (c) be (d) ae @.6 A control system is represented by the block diagram shown in figure cy, A, a}+@) 2 as) % as) ratio is Als) @ GG, +66, S 14G, +G, +GH, +GiG,H, +GiGH, ©) GG, +66, TGA, + G.GH, + GGA, © BG, +B, 1+G,H, +G, +G.GH, +G.GH, (d) GG, +G,G, TGs G+ GH, +GGH, Ys) \d the transfeniunction ©) for the system e MADE EASY 6G,G,6, T5GH,-GGH, +GG,GA, 466,46, GG.G.6, GH + GGA, + GGG) GG,G.G, T+GH,+GiGH, +GiG.G,H, GG,G.6, GGH, + GGG. +6,G,6,6, A control system is represented by the blo diagram shownin figure 6-9 dard | l th @ Bey (o) (e) GH, as Rs) #3 ratios ) GG, +66, (9) 4G, +6, +G,H, +G.G,H, +G.GH, © GG, +66, TE GH, + GGH, +G,G,H, © GG. +66, TGA, 4G, +GG.H, +EG,H, 6) GG, +GG, 14+G,H,+G, +G, +G,G,H, +G.G,H, @.9. Consider the block diagrams of two systems shown in below figures: with following block diagram: ji Co re cis) 7 10 RS St Spor Figure (a) Th 2 = : 15) —e] 1058281 oy % Figure (b) Scone MADE EASE oman enaMADE EASY The two systems are said to be equal, if k= @J0 The system shown in the figure remains stable when 1 K Rs) Ms) (a) Ket 1eket (o) 1 Om s+2 stl ©) gs+7 {s+ 2) Q.14 Consider the folowing block diagram in the figure. 88 Tal EI os) (3) The transfor function AS)is Als) GG, @ aa () GG +G,+1 G,G,+G,+14 & O6G+8+1 0) Tee Ys) @15_The transfer function “jg als) is) 6 2 () 3547 ) 3546 QJ6 InForce-Voltage Analogy a) Force is analogous to current (b) Mass is analogous to capacitance (e) Velocity is analogous to current (0) Displacementis analogous to magnetic fux linkage18 Electronics Engineering © Control Systems @’7 The transfer function Os) _ Als) isthe simplification of which one of the following block diagrams? a 7) co) @) a) (0) Rm Ae) a Be) @ ee ‘Bis) os) (d)_ Ris)—of AG) Bi) @.18 From signal low graph shown in figure, the signal at node 'C’ is (@) dolar, + bx, + 6x4) (b) (a+ b+ oll +x, +x) (d+ 0) (6) (ax, + bx, + ex) (a +0} (d) abcd (x, #x, +3) @.19 The block diagram shown in figure - | and figure-II are equivalent, ifX” (in figure - Il) is e MADE EASY @.20 The close loop gain of the system sketched belowis Rs) 5 o) 74 f@) 209 (©) ~2019 (e) -5/4 (6) 514 @.21 The overall gain for the block diagram shown below is given by —{a iG hel oa Le [2] @GGGGp ) G+G,+G+6, (©) GG+GG, (¢) (G,+G)x(G,+e) @.22 The transfer function of the system shown in figure is Re) > c(8) A+B iy ASB © TasB ©) ase @ 48 (o) APA A468 (Te A® AB @.23 The coupling between the signals of the turbo engine is shown below, The’ of the system is a RAs) J vis 1) —a] 2] ov Ris) eal x 15) Rae) p> mle) 1 2 3 (s+ (a) 842 Sori» ADE ESE onadecrpascsMADE EASY (a) 1-[G(3)]? + 26(s) (b) 1+ 2G(s) (ce) 1-2(G(s)P (d) 1- G(s) @.24 The sensitivity of the closed loop system shown n the figure to variation on parameter K is approximately. (Given s = 1, KK, 9) K Tori Ris) wan ots) Ky (b) 0.4 (d) 10 fa) 0.01 (©) 04 @.25 Consider the block diagram representation of a systom shown in the following figure Ry y 7 2 T i 2 The value of £ is Toy @.26 A unity negative feedback control system has an amplifier with gain Ky=16 and gain ratio, s)= Fe 3 inthe forward path. derivative feedback H(s) = sKgis introduced as a minor loop around, Gis). The, value of derivative feedback constant), so that the system damping ratio is,0.5 is @.27 Consider the signal flow graph shown in the figure below. raneva JoWW Oven dor 60 FeUIG0O4 Fh T rank improvement Workbook 19 The gain K for which the given systemis stable willbe 10 fa) K< 10 0) Ko (co) 0> 1 #,(s) © for 1G,(s) Hy(s) Hyfs)l >> 1 1 H(s)Hp(s) ( for IG,(s) H,(s) H,(s)|<<1 1 ° Gonon@ Q.34 The position control of a DC servo-motor is given in the figure. The values of the parameters ae Kp= 1 NMA Ry= 19,1, = 01H J = 5 kg-m?, B.= 1 N-m (rad/sec) and K, = 1 Vilrad/see). The steady-state position response (insfadians) due to unit impulse disturbance torque", is TAs) 5 TL ee ss EB VAs) ea @.35 Consider the following signal-loop feedback structure illustrating the return difference: Fa. A gt btpte % + The return difference for Ais (a) AB (0) 1+ 48) ©) TA © om @.36 The signal low graph of the system is shown in the given figure, The transfer function C{s)/CXs) of the system is G9)G,(s) G(5)G,(s) © eens © FE @atoHe) -Gils) (8) © Ta@awAs © -G)G(5H5)MADE EASY @.37 What is the transfer function of the syst shown in the figure Ris) ots) 1 @) 1+GA+TE (©) $y GAs TES GATE 1-ACE (°) Ty@A+TE+GATE 1+ ACE @ 1+GA+TE+GATE @.38 The signal ow graph ofa systemis shown below. Number of forward paths and individual loops are raneva JoWW Oven T rank improvement Workbook 21 i = tL 1 -s © Fret ©) Paset s s8+2 © Base @ 2asei Q.41 Three blocks G,, G, and G, are connected in ‘some fashion such that overall transfer function ig SABO+GE) The blocks are connected (+) in following manner. (@)@inG, with negative feedback and ‘combination in parallel with Gy, (©) G,G, with negative feedback and G, in parallel. (),G,, G, in cascade and combination in parallel with G, (0) G,, G, in cascade and combination in parallel with G, @.42 The Block diagram method reduce the block diagram of the following control system. (@) 23 (1.3 2 (14 (a2, @.39 Whats the overall transfer function of the slack | 2] *—-Q ee diagram given below? ao fo |i L, 2) toa beck aagram afte blowing ype a 7H 3 re) Se} Gs, GG, +6,6, 3 @) GH, ©) GA, E TWH GG, +66, 6.0, +6,6, — © TeaaH TGR men cio GG, 2034 fe) 100052) yy 104 2.40 The transtor function MS) ofthe syst i aise (seh 40 The transfer function 77 ofthe system shown sitios ree in figure is (9) S40s+ 2) (9) “st10s+1) Seon ROE EEE omen22 Electronics Engineering _® Control Systems 2.43 Transfer function 22 for the block diagram Als) shown is GGG, +GG, HGGH,+G.GH, +G,G,G, -~GG,-GyH, 666-66, HGGH+EGH, +GE.G,-GG,-Gr BGG, +66, HEGH+EGH, +GBG,=6G,+GH, G6.G,+66, HGGH+E.GH,+GB.6,-66,-G aang WBNS @ fag wan NoRDerY Sv JON OI ied wanna) MADE EASY @.44 For the signal flow graph given below the transfer functions of the system is GGG.Gj +GiG5(1+ Goth) 1+ GH #(G,G3H.)+ GH) + GGGG.H, G.GAPCH,)+B,6,0,6, THG)H, + (G,GsH.)(1+ GH) + GG.G.GiM, B.G.,G, + 6,6 (9) T4GH, +(G.G;H.)(1+G,H,) +6 G.GG.M, GG,GG, + G.G5(1+ GH) T#GpH, + G,GgH T+ GyH) + GGG GH, (a) tb) ()MADE EASY Baia ta 1 ° "7. 25. 33. a. © 2@ 4 0 @ © 1% @ (0.117) 26. 1.0 () 34. (05) (a) a (@) 3 u 19. 27. ) (9) (@) 4 R 20, 28, 36. a, fa) @ ©) (0.25) (a) 5. (a,c, d) 13, 21. 29, 37. @) (a) @ (d) 6 1“. 2 30. 38. (a) {e) ( (@) (@) z 15, 2. 31, 39. TRankimprovement Workbook 23 (a) 8 (a) @ 16. (c) © m& &) @ 32 @ @ 4. (b)Time Response Analysis = @.5_ For the unity feedback system shown below, if LEVEL ] ESE the input to the system is a unit-step signal, @1 A feed back control system is shown below then the integral square error 14 = f €*(t)at for RO) >? {et fs) infinite value of gaitkwill be o— et) {aL ng K Als | ett) If the forward path gain is 400 and feedback gainis 0.05, The percentage change in closed (@ 140 (&) 025 loop gain for 10% change in Gis (ov 05) @ 0 @2_ The steady state error of a unity feedback linear | >| @.6 The solution of the differential equation system for a unit step input is 0.1. The steady ay ay slate error of the same system, for a pulse input qe at aS 8 1() having a magnitude of 10 and a duration of {@) overdamped —_(b) critically damped ‘one second, as shown in the figure is {c) oscillatory (d)_underdamped no @.7_ Acontrol system with open loop transfer function 10 is given by, +4 as 10{s+4) (5+ N(s+2) is * the value of steady state error for unitramp input (a) 0 (b) 1 will be © = (@) 108 {@) 0.10 (0) 0.05 (c) 0.50 (d) 0.25 @.3 A control systam for position control has the closed loopltanster unetion @.8 A second order control system has value of 6 damping ratio 1.25, natural frequency value Ts) =—— 200 rad/sec and de gain of 1. Ifa unit step input 4 ds+6 is given to the above system, then response of The percentage overshoot, if the input is system will be sudden! toa tion is__%, [3 scot , 2-200" suddenly moved to a new position is fa) Ko ie +20 jan @.4 Ifa second order system has poles at -1 + j, | : then step response ofthe system will exhibit | 2 4 0 Toor ye peak value at 3 3 (@) 45s () 358 3 (0) 3.148 dts i Serr MADE RSH ‘wmemaderepinkiosargMADE EASY FE Rerimproverent Workbook 25 @.9 Consider aunity negative feedback system with | | @.14 Consider the unity negative feedback contro closed loop transfer function as. system shown below. 64 as = = _ As) ais) s+ 85+64 Time required for the response to reach 80% of, the final value in first attempt is (a) 0.365 sec (b) 0.169 sec If the damping ratio of the system is to be (6) 0.289sec (2) 0.092 sec 2 increased from 0.2 to 0.6, then the factor with @10 Differential equation of system is described as | © which 'A’ must be multiplied is_. do | @1S Consider the unity negative feedback control a +42 ote sar ® system shown in the figure below: Peak time of second overshoot is: 8) = a0 ow) (@) 2nsec (b) Sec 2 {eta} (©) 4nsec (d) Srsec : 11 The open oop transfer function of unity negative | 2 The Value of K, Fequired to change the time _ |e constant Oe fourth o its open loop value Is feedback control system is ——= =. For | # G+I(6+5) the closed loop system, the time at which the | z >. . . maximum overshoot osgurs is $ | @46 If the roots of a second order characteristic : . g ‘equation are given by s, , = ~3 +/2, then the @) Feee (o) F sec values of damping ratio § and the damped : natural frequency «are respectively () Esec (@ 2 see 3 4 3 3 (a) ( yas radisec| 12. A unity negative feedback conttol system has | ¢ ; open loop transfer function, i to) [rand 2radisec # Gls) = 5, 08 6 +R) © [ [Gis erev restos} Ifthe time at which the response to a unit step input possess its first under-shoot is | § ) { qers2seates| x 5 E second, then the value of will be 2 =| @17 The second order system response for the step Q13_ The response of a system shown in figure (a), | $ input is given by to an input of (t) = Su(t), is shown in figure (b). | £ at The time constant 't’ of the system is equal to | 3 ao 4 aw | = Tee) need © @ (@) 0.35 msec (©) 029msec . (©) 019msec (@) 0.083msec The damping ratio (E) of the system is Scoomah MADE RSH26 © Control Systems @.18 The block diagram of a feedback control system 's shown below as = s ica RG as) The sensitivity $7 where, Ts) = a3 is 1 1 @) aq o) —— 1420 s+ +20 s(s+1) 1 ° @ * als+9 3549 @.19. Consider the block diagram shown in the figure below. = fend x a isast st cs) ‘The value of constant ‘K’ such that the steady stale error for ramp input does not exceed to 1.5% is (a) 33.33 (b) 100 (c) 180 (d) 210 @.20A unity feedback control system is Electronics Engineering raneva JoWW Oven 3 MADE EASY @.22 A negative feedback control system is shown below ~—@ If the forward path gain is 400 and feedback gain is 0.05, The percentage change in closed loop gain for 10% change in Gis (a) 0.476% (b) 0.812% (e) 1.124% (@) 0.214% 7) a @.23 A unity negativenfeedback system is characterized by an open loop transfer K s(5+10) The Value of gaifiKso that the system will have a damping falio of 0.5 is function Gis) @.24 The step response of a system is shown below, the forward path gain is see) @.25 For the system shown in below figure, what is Yer f Vols) characterised by system response c(t) = 1 + the transfer function 777)? 0.5e4t— 1.568 when subjected to a unit step (Givon R, = Ry = 0, ='C, =1 unit) input. The damping ratio for this system willbe | 3 RG equal to 3 WII i @.21 For the RLC series circuit shown below, the | > vy Ry = Vy damping ratio & will be 3 I Consider, R= 1KQ; L= 10mH; C= 0.01 pF rae f) @ We. s i Vis) 3541 Vols) 1 at b) 2S = = ove ° i Vig)" Paaeet Vols) 2 @ wo ). e = 2 Vs) 42544 (a) §=0.25 (bo) §=05 Va(s) s+ (@ &=01 (@ §=075 © Yo” Fs 8+i Scone MADE EASEMADE EASY @.26 Consider a second order system as given in figure below, S(6+ 260) Ri) 1s) FE Rerimproverent Workbook 27 @.29 A contro! system is represented by block diagram shown below, the sum of pole of the overall system is ‘Ade gain Kis introduced in the given system as shown below, S525) rok ois) Consider system to be underdamped Which of these statements) is/are correct for given system? (a) Overshoot will change by factor K. (b) % overshoot will nat change. (©) Value of x and w,, will change (d) Location of poles and zero’s willnot change. @.27 The second order system response for the step input is given by The damping ratio of the systems @.28 A control system is represented by the given below differential equation, 2 he eM say =a has all initial conditions zero. If an input x(f) = 8u(#), then output y(2) is raneva JoWw oven 3 25 “tS @.30 If the roots of a second order characteristic equation are giveniby s, , = -8 +/2, then the values of damping ratio & and the damped natural requency ware respectively @ ( yes racisec) © ( sig tnd Practsec} ana JB racsoo) otis @ (He ee and 2radsee} The root locus plot for a systemis shown in the figure bolow where s,, s, and s, are location of poles at gain k= 12.5 a3 The value of s, =-0.7 + /1.3, the damping ratio of the system is § = @.32 The dominant poles of a control system are located at s = (-1 + 2). The damping ratio of the system is (@) 0.447 (0) 08 () 0707 (a428 Electronics Engineering _® Control Systems @.33 The natural frequency of an undamped second- order system is 40 rad/s. If the system is damped with a damping ratio 0.3, the damped natural frequency in radi/s is @.34 The open loop transfer function 1 qs) = 5+) _ $?(s+2)(s+3) where p is an integer, is connected in unity feedback configuration as shown in the figure. ——_ Given that the steady state error is zero for unit step input and is 6 for unit ramp input, the value of the parameter pis @.35 The unit impulse response of a system having transfer function Ki(s + a) is shown below. The value of ais Unit Impulse Response @) )& (opi, @ Mh, @.36 A second order inderiamped system has peak overshoot of 25%, What will be the overshoot if input is doubled? (@) 50% (0) 125% (©) 25% (@) 6.25% @.37 The unit impulse response of a second-order uncier damped system starting from restis given by: oll) = 12.5 e*'sin 8, (20 oraneva JoWW oven zo 20 FU p04 Fh MADE EASY Publizetions @.38 How can the steady: reduced? (a) By decreasing the type of system (b) By increasing system gain (©) By decreasing the static error const (¢) By increasing the input tate error in a system be @.39 The loop transfer function of a system is given 400°" s(s +5)(s% +45 + 16) When the systemis subjected to parabolic input by Gis)H{s) = 2 of 5 the steady state erroris {a) zero (c) infinity @.40 The maximum peak overshoot (M,) with respect to damping factor (E) is (a)/M, increase as increase (0) M, increase as decrease (©) M, does not depend on& (d) M, depends on& @.41 The close loop transfer function of a system is 100 Zaop: The settling time of the system is Zatoo" The settling time of the syst a) 10sec (b) Osec (0) «sec (a) None of these @.42 The characteristic equation of a system is st 4 5s +6, The largest time constant is (@) >t ) <1 (+1 (@) None of these @.43 Time response of a standard 2° order system toa step response is pt o sin( oy 2 +e) yee The settling time for 5% criterion will be What is the natural frequency in radi/sec and |g 1 3 the damping factor? @ ase @) gee (@) 10and0.6 ——(b) t0andos 5 (©) Bando6 (@ Bando (eo) gsee (A) Asoc Sori» ADE ESE enaieenpacangMADE EASY @.44 The type of a system depends on the number ot {a) poles on s-plane (b) poles at infinity (6) poles at origin of s:plane (0) zer0s at infinity @.45 The steady stale error (e,,) with respect to type (@) ¢,, increases as type increases (b) ¢,, decreases as type increases (©) @,, not depends on type (0) @,, depends on type For a second order system. Settling time T, = 7 sec and peak time T, = 38. The location of poles are (a) 0.97 +/069 — (b) (©) 1.047 + j0.571 (a) @.47 The unit step response of a unity feedback system with open loop transfer f 0.69 + 0.97 O.S71 = j1.047 junction e)= value of K is FE Rerimproverent Workbook raneva dow oven 3 29 On closing the switch ‘s’ (a) steady state errorwill remain constant and damping coefficient ¢ will increase (b) both steady state error and damping coefficient {will increase (©) both steady state error and damping coefficient will decrease (A) steady state error will remain constant and damping coefficient ¢ will decrease @.49 Consider the transfer function of closed loop Ys) ai ich of the. Fadse8 control system Ais) following parameters are correct? (a) Damped frequency (w,) = 2rad/sec (0) Rise time (f) = 1.178 sec {) Undamped natural frequency (,) = v2 rad/sec (©) Damping ratio @) = 4 radisee @.50 The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback control system is given by Kk sti+s7) If the system is considered to be critically damped and the steady state error for unit ramp inputis 0.25 then the value of undamped natural frequency of oscillation is (a) 4rad/sec (b) 8rad/sec (©) 16rad/sec (a) S2radisec Gs) = Time esse 3 (@) 05 (0) 2 3 | @.51 Consider the block diagram shown in the figure 4 (a) 6 g below. 3 2 [uevel 2)E va Queat i E | Ae. Ty ® 8 @.48 The system shown in the given figure, is = subjected to a unit ramp input. a rs x a (8 The system will have wera) g (2) underdamped response (©) overdamped response Fat (¢) ctitically damped response . (0) undamped response Scoomah MADE RSH30 Electronics Engineering _® Control Systems @.52 Consider a system shown in the figure below: RG) x £6) eH sK,+1 ‘The damping ratio for this system without tachometer feedback is 0.216, However due to the incorporation of tachometer feedback in the system, the damping ratio increases to 0.72, The tachometer gain K, to achieve this improvement will be @.53 DC generator schematic is shown in figure e A ° OR EK gy Given th amplifier gain, K,= 10 V/V Generator constant, K,= 20 V/A R,= 402 Ly=1H If time constant is made to be 20. msec, then feedback factor will be @.54 The control systomis represented by the block diagram shown below, Themaximum overshoot to the unit step input is 20% and time to peak 's 2.4 seconds then ratio of constants K and T will be 1+ Ts Re) ye co) @.55 The open-loop transfer function of a unity of A feedback system s given by Gs) = Oe Where A and B are positive constants. For reducing the peak overshoot of unit step response of system from 80% to 30%, the factor by which amplifier gain ‘A’ has to be reduced willbe __ (Answer upto 3 decimal place) aang WBNS @ ag aan NomoeRY ASV TOWN OBI dor 2a EU CO4 Fh MADE EASY @.56 A unity negative feedback control system has uncompensated open loop transfer function, 25 Ss=)(s+5) It itis required that the steady state error of the system for unit ramp excitation should be less than 0.05, then which one of the following ‘compensators should be connected in cascade GIs) = with G(s), to achieve the desired error performance? (s+10) fa) Gls) (+4) (b) G(s) = (s+20) ©) Als) ay 1) G8) @.57 A unitynegative feedback control system has ‘open loop transfer function, 300 2s(s+K) I the time at which the response to a unit step. Gis) Input possess its first under-shoot is Z seconds, then which of the following inferences are correct? (a) The natural frequency of oscillation of system is V180 radisec. The value of Kis 10v2 The damped frequency of oscillation is 10rad/sec The peak time expression for the given to) te) () rm system is given by z, = 2 Oy @.58 A control system with damping rati represented by the block diagram which employs proportional plus error rate control, The value of error rate constant K when unit step is given as input to system will be a Tek S44 8MADE EASY fa) (b) (co) (d) @.59 A system shown below has multiple poles and zero as shown below. The impulse response of the system is () raneva JoWW Oven 3 T rank improvement Workbook 31 te) @.60 The total response of a system is denoted by y(t) = pe-e%) The steady state and transient tesponse are respectively fa) 26 orgies’ @.61, For a unity feedback control system with open 25 Joop transfer function G(s) = The peak . Gis) = sep TOP time will be fa) 0.55 sec (b) 0.785 sec {c) 1.33 sec (@) 3.12sec @.62 The pole location of ane of the two closed loop poles of a second order control system with unity negative feedback is shown below. The value of peak overshoot (M,) is %, io @.63 A unity feedback system has open loop transfer function 100 Gs)- 2 (s+) The time at which the respons to a unit step B coo Th inputreaches ts peakis © sec. Then the value of pis radisec.32 Electronics Engineering _® Control Systems @.64 The open-loop transfer function of unity feedback control system is given by K )-K 99) = 642) For the peak overshoot of the closed-loop systema aunt ste inputtobe 10%, tevalue of Kis @.65 The following quantities give a measure of the transient characteristics of a control system, when subjected to unit step excitation: 1. Maximum overshoot. 2. Maximum undershoot 3. Overall gain. 4, Delay time. 5. Rise time 6. Falltime. (@) 1,3ands (0) 2,4and5 (¢) 2,4and6 (@) 1,4and5 1 @.66 The transfer function =~ will have 2s+4 (@) de gain 1 and high frequency gain 4 (b) de gain 0 and high frequenoy gain => (©) de gain 1 and high frequeney gain 0 (d) de gain 0 and high frequeney gain 1 @.67 A system with the transfer function —— when es excited with a step input takes 10 sec to reach 50% of the step height. What is the value of x? (@) < 108 (©) 108 (0) > 10s (d) © 8 A second order system with zero initial conditions has an impulse response C(t) = 102% sintorfor t= 0 When excited by a unit step input, the steady raneva dow Ovi 3 MADE EASY Publizetions @.69 Ifa first order system and its time response to a unit step input are as shown below, the gain Kis ’ (a) 0.25 (b) 08 (1 (a4 @.70 Four system A, B, C and D are found to have the cominant poles atthe points -3 + /5,-5 + 4 ~12 + /1,~1 +j6damping and minimum natural frequency would be) (a) Cand Afespectively (b) Band Crespectively (c) Cand Drespectively (a) Aand Crespectively ‘Common Data for @.71, 0.72 and @.73 Ina negative non-unity feedback system, K a8) 9 9 = t+ Kes @.71 The values of K, and K,, such that the peak overshoot is 20% and the peak time = 1 sec are (a) 22.3and328 (c) 123and0.175 (b) 36.7 and 43.7 (@) 32.2 and 26.9 @.72 For the above value of K, and K,, the rise time and settling time are (a) 125 sec and 3.5 sec (0) 85sec and 4.8 sec (c) 5.7 sec and 0.456 sec {¢) 0.65 sec and 2.53 sec @.73 The steady state error for unit step input is fa) 0.16 {o) 1 (©) 0 () © state value of the response is | @.74 Steady state error to both input A(s) = + and @o ©) 10 ‘ (©) 08 (@ 08 disturbance D(s) 2 acting simutaneously is Senne MADE EASEMADE EASY output " 4 @z oe 10 Oe (d) 0 @.75 Consider the closed loop system shown in the below figure: step Outpt int E]_Response Oe What is the ratio of damped frequencies a,{for K= 32) ‘o,(for K=16) (@) 140 (&) 1.42 (e) 1.44 (@) 146 Q.76 The forward path transfer function of unity, feedback system is 1000{s? + 4s + 20) (s” + 208+ 15) (s+ Q(s+ 10) The system has r(t) = t9 appliédsto its input. The steady state error is Gs) raneva JoWW Oi T rank improvement Workbook 33 @.77 APID control system is shown below Ais xe) is) ie Bs The system has no steady-state error with step input and has a damping ratio of 0.9 and the dominant time constant of 1. If K, = O then the values of Kyand K, are respectively (@) Ky= 1, Kp= 1.28 (©) Ky= 2, Kp= 0.66 (6) Ky=05, kK, = 246 () @.78 For the tachometer feedback control system shown in the figure; the value of K, to make the system's damping ratio equal to 0.8 is Rs) A 7 @.79 In the system given, the command input R= 10 and the disturbance signal T, = 4. The io wera} os) steady slate error of the system is ro eens Pras) Ris) (@) 4x 10+ (0) 0 3 (c) (a) 2x 10% 5 3 Scone MADE EASE