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Hydrostatic Problems

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ouan
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17 views

Hydrostatic Problems

Uploaded by

ouan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Problem 1

Solution :
As the liquid is in a hydrostatic equilibrium, the hydrostatic law states that the pressure of
liquid at points at the same level is the same:

As shown in the figure above, according the hydrostatic law:


The static pressure at the level E is given by:
(1) : P E=P0 + ρ 1 g h1
(2) : P E=P0 + ρ 2 g h2

By combining (1) and (2) we conclude:


ρ1 h1
ρ 2=
h2

As: ρ1=1.024 g /cm3, h1=2.1cm , h2 =2. 4 cm


1.024 × 2.1 3
ρ 2= =0 .896 g /cm
2.4
NB: this density of the oily liquid 0 . 896 g/cm3 is less than the density of water 1.024 g /cm3
what insures us (the oily liquid is upon water).
Problem 2

Solution:
Let’s note V Total as the total volume of the piece which composed of a solid part that we note
its volume by V cu and the bubble part V b.
1. The first test is measuring the piece in a dry state:
At the dry state, the bubble inside the piece is full of air, so the weight of the whole piece is
given by:
W =ρcu V cu g+ ρ air V b g ; with ρcu : solid part density.

As ρair is neglected in this exercise ( 0), then:

(1) : W =ρcu V cu g

2. The second test is measuring the piece when fully submerged in water:
As the piece is fully submerged in the water, then according to Archimedes’ principle, the
piece is subjected to an upwards force equal to the weight of the displaced water (total volume
of the piece in our case) that opposes gravity. As a result, in water, the piece will see its
weight decrease to what we called an “apparent” weight given by:
0
(2) : W =W − ρl V Total g

As V Total =V cu + V b :
0
W =W − ρl V cu g−ρl V b g

Using (1):
0 ρl
W =W −W −ρl V b g
ρcu

The bubble’s volume is given by:

V b=
W 1−
( ρl
ρcu
−W
)0

ρl g

Considering the piece/object including its bubble as one object with a density noted ρ and
total volume V Total, the dry weight of the object can be expressed by:
W =ρ V Total g

As V Total =V cu + V b and using (1):


W
W =ρ( +V b g)
ρcu

The object’s density is given by:


1
ρ=
1 Vbg
+
ρcu W

As: ρcu =8.93 g/mL, ρl =1.000 g /mL, W 0 =20 N , W =25 N , g=9.8 m/s 2

The bubble’s volume is: V b =¿224.53 mL

The object’s density is: ρ=5.00 g /mL


The object density is less than the solid part’s density which is logical.
Problem 3
Solution:
The block of ice is floating at the interface of vinegar and palm oil. Let’s note the block’s
volume submerged in vinegar as V 2 and the block’s volume submerged in the palm oil as V 1.
According to Archimedes’ principle, this block of ice is at equilibrium under its weight, and
an upward force equal to the weight of the displaced
vinegar (volume submerged in vinegar) and a
downward force equal to the weight of the displaced
palm oil (volume submerged in palm oil):
- The block ice weight is given by:
W =ρ ( V 1+ V 2 ) g [downward force +]
- Buoyant force due to the vinegar is given by:
F 2=ρ2 V 2 g [upward force -]
- Buoyant force due to the palm oil is given by:
F 1=ρ1 V 1 g [downward force +]
Using Archimedes’ principle:
ρ ( V 1 +V 2 ) g + ρ1 V 1 g− ρ2 V 2 g=0

Dividing by ( V 1 +V 2 ) g :
V1 V2
ρ+ ρ1 −ρ 2 =0
V 1+V 2 V 1+V 2
V1 V2
As =1− :
V 1+V 2 V 1 +V 2
V2 V2
ρ+ ρ1 (1− )−ρ2 =0
V 1 +V 2 V 1 +V 2

V2
The percentage of ice that will be submerged in vinegar which is the ratio is given by:
V 1+V 2
V2 ρ+ ρ1
=
V 1+V 2 ρ1 + ρ2

As: ρ1=0.876 g /mL, ρ2=1. 049 g/mL , ρ=0.917 g/mL


The percentage of the ice that will be submerged in vinegar is 93.14 %

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