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LogicSheet03 Exercises

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26 views3 pages

LogicSheet03 Exercises

Uploaded by

phoebemi860
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen | Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft (SfS)

Methods I: Logic, WS 2024/25 | Prof. Dr. Michael Franke


Tutors: Seoha Lee, Aida Rostami, Shanshan Xu, Erik Zeiner

Exercise Sheet 3
Relations & Functions

Submission by: 19 November 2024, 2:00pm


Please write your solutions on this exercise sheet. You can submit an annotated PDF or a
scanned sheet you filled out by hand; acceptable submissions must use this provided
exercise sheet.

Exercise: 1 [4 points] For each of the relations below, please mark in the table which property/properties
each relation has.
(a) Let S1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and R1 = {⟨1, 2⟩, ⟨2, 5⟩, ⟨3, 5⟩, ⟨4, 5⟩} ⊆ S1 × S1
(b) Let S2 = {a, b, c, d} and R2 ⊆ S2 × S2 , where R2 is represented by the following diagram:
a b
󲽨 󲽨

󲽨 󲽨
c d

(c) Let R3 be a relation on the set of human beings, defined using natural language as:
‘x is at least as qualified as y’.
(d) Let R4 = {⟨x, y⟩ ∈ R × R 󳈌 sin(x) = cos(y)}

(a) (b) (c) (d)


reflexive
irreflexive
symmetric
asymmetric
anti-symmetric
transitive
intransitive
connected

Exercise: 2 [4 points] Let X = {1, 2, 3, 4} and Y = {a, b, c, d}. Decide whether each of the following can
be classified as a relation and/or function or neither.
(a) Let R1 be a set of ⟨x, sin(x)⟩ for all x ∈ R

(a)
(b) Let R2 ⊆ X × Y, R2 = {⟨1, b⟩, ⟨2, c⟩, ⟨3, b⟩, ⟨2, a⟩}

(b)

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Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen | Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft (SfS)
Methods I: Logic, WS 2024/25 | Prof. Dr. Michael Franke
Tutors: Seoha Lee, Aida Rostami, Shanshan Xu, Erik Zeiner

(c) Let R3 ⊆ Y × X, R3 = {⟨a, 3⟩, ⟨b, 1⟩, ⟨d, 2⟩, ⟨c, 4⟩}

(c)
(d) Let R3 ⊆ Y ∖ {d} × Y, R3 = {⟨a, a⟩, ⟨b, b⟩, ⟨c, c⟩}

(d)
Decide whether the functions fullfill the criteria for being an injection, a surjection, a bijection;
fill-in the table accordingly.

(a) (b) (c) (d)


injection
surjection
bijection

Exercise: 3 [4 points] Consider the following relation and answer the questions.

R ⊆ {1, 2, 3} × {a, b, c, d, e, f }, R = {⟨1, a⟩, ⟨1, b⟩, ⟨2, b⟩, ⟨3, f ⟩, ⟨3, e⟩, ⟨3, a⟩, ⟨3, b⟩}

(a) i. What is the domain of the relation?

i.
ii. What is the range of the relation?

ii.
(b) What is the converse of the relation?

(c) What is the negation of the relation?

(d) Modify the definition R to be a bijection.

Exercise: 4 [4 points] Say whether the following are true or false:


(a) If set A has m elements and set B has n elements,
there are mn possible functions from A to B.

(a)
(b) If a relation R is anti-symmetric and a in relation with b,
then b cannot be in relation with a unless a = b.

(b)
(c) The empty relation on any set A is reflexive.

(c)
(d) The union of two functions is always a function.

(d)

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Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen | Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft (SfS)
Methods I: Logic, WS 2024/25 | Prof. Dr. Michael Franke
Tutors: Seoha Lee, Aida Rostami, Shanshan Xu, Erik Zeiner

Exercise: 5 [4 points] Let f ∶ R → R be defined by f (x) = 2x + 3. Prove that f is bijective.

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