Appc 2.5.b Packet

AP Precalc 2.5.
B Exponential Function Context and Data Modeling

Write your questions
and thoughts here! 2.5.B Notes
Percent Increase:
Start with the initial amount “a” and grow with a % increase.
𝑦 𝑎 1 % increase
Percent Decrease:
Start with the initial amount “a” and decay with a % decrease.
𝑦 𝑎 1 % decrease
Identify the percent increase or decrease of each function.

1. 𝑓 𝑥 0.5 1.2 2. 𝑓 𝑥 2 0.7 3. 𝑓 𝑥 4 0.025
For each problem, create a function to model the scenario.

4. A home’s value 𝑉 is $200,000 and increases 5. A population 𝑝 of fruit flies is currently at 150
by 1.5% per year 𝑡. flies but is increasing by 205% every day 𝑑.
6. Mr. Brust’s yard is getting overrun with 7. The value 𝑉 of a new motorcycle purchased
weeds. The first year he bought his home, for $11,000 decreases by 15.7% per year 𝑡.
there was 1800 square feet of grass 𝑔. It is
decreasing by 28.1% per year 𝑡.
.
Half-Life:
An initial amount 𝒂 that shrinks by half every 𝒉.
𝒕
𝟏 𝒉
𝒇 𝒕 𝒂
𝟐
Doubling time:
An initial amount 𝒂 that doubles every 𝒅.
𝒕
𝒇 𝒕 𝒂 𝟐 𝒅
© The Algebros from FlippedMath.com

Write your questions For each problem, create a function to model the scenario.
and thoughts here!
8. There is 150 grams 𝑔 of radioactive material. 9. Mr. Bean’s parents currently have 95
Its half-life is 4,400 years 𝑡. descendants. The number of their descendants
𝐷 doubles every 15 years 𝑡.
Equivalent forms
Equivalent forms of an exponential model can reveal different properties. For example…
If 𝑡 represents number of weeks, then the base of 𝑓 𝑡 1.01 indicates that the quantity increases by a
factor of 1.01 every week.
⁄
The equivalent form 𝑓 𝑡 1.01 indicates that the quantity increases by a factor of 1.01
every year.
10. If 𝑓 𝑑 3 indicates that the quantity increases by a factor of 3 every day, then what does
⁄
𝑓 𝑡 3 indicate?
The quantity increases by a factor of 3 every week.
2.5.B Exponential Function Context and Data Modeling

AP Precalculus 2.5.B Practice
Identify the percent increase or decrease of each function.
1. 𝑓 𝑛 0.2 1.9 2. 𝑓 𝑥 19 0.4 3. 𝑓 𝑛 5.2 3.302
4. 𝑓 𝑥 801 0.965 5. 𝑓 𝑥 58 0.8 6. 𝑓 𝑛 10 2.061
For each problem, create a function to model the scenario.

7. Mr. Sullivan has 24 basketballs in 8. There are 1,000 fish 𝑓 in a pond 9. Plutoniu-238 has a half-life of 88
his garage. The number of that are dying off at a rate of 2.5% years 𝑡. A scientist is studying a
basketballs 𝑏 increases at a rate of per month 𝑚. 3-gram sample 𝑠.
37.6% per year 𝑡.

10. A stock portfolio has a value 𝑣 of 11. Mr. Brust bought a new trailer. It 12. A new disease is killing the local
$2,400 and doubles every 13 cost him $35,000. frog population. The half-life of
years 𝑡. Unfortunately, its value 𝑣 the population 𝑝 is 2 weeks 𝑤.
depreciates in value by 6.5% per There are currently 6,000 frogs in
year 𝑡. the swamp.
13. Mr. Kelly’s house has 8 mice 14. The number of people 𝑝 living in 15. A population 𝑝 of fruit flies
running around. Their Sullyana doubles every 130 increases by 14.34% each day 𝑑.
population 𝑝 increases at a years 𝑡. There is currently one There were 20 fruit flies in the
450% rate per month 𝑚. person living there. house when you left.
16. Mr. Kelly’s youngest child 17. 900 grams of radioactive 18. A culture of bacteria has 500
breaks the dishes on a regular material 𝑚 decays at a rate of cells 𝑐 that doubles every 4
basis. If Mr. Kelly never buys 2.6% per year 𝑡. hours ℎ.
new dishes, then the number of
dishes 𝑑 he owns has a half-life
of 10 months 𝑚. He currently
has 60 dishes.
For each of the problems below, identify how the equivalent form reveals a different property.
19. If 𝑓 𝑚 5 indicates that the quantity increases by 20. If 𝑓 𝑑 1.2 indicates that the quantity increases
a factor of 5 every month, then what does 𝑓 𝑚 by a factor of 1.2 every day, then what does 𝑓 𝑑
⁄ ⁄
5 indicate? 1.2 indicate?
21. If 𝑓 𝑠 1.02 indicates that the quantity increases 22. If 𝑓 𝑡 2 indicates that the quantity increases by a
by a factor of 1.02 every second, then what does factor of 2 every year, then what does 𝑓 𝑡
⁄ ⁄
𝑓 𝑠 1.02 indicate? 2 indicate?

2.5.B Exponential Function Context and Data Modeling 2.5.B Test Prep
23. On June 1, a fast-growing species of algae is accidentally introduced into a lake in a city park. It starts to grow and
cover the surface of the lake in such a way that the area it covers doubles every day. If it continues to grow
unabated, the lake will be totally covered and the fish in the lake will suffocate. At the rate it is growing, this will
happen on June 30.
a. Write an explicit formula for the sequence that models the percentage, 𝑝, of the surface area of the lake that is
covered in algae 𝑡 days after the algae was introduced. Let the initial percentage be 𝑃 .
b. When will the lake be covered halfway?
c. On June 26, a pedestrian who walks by the lake every day warns that the lake will be completely covered soon.
Her friend just laughs. Why might her friend be skeptical of the warning?
d. On June 29, a cleanup crew arrives at the lake and removes almost all of the algae. When they are done, only 1%
of the surface is covered with algae. How well does this solve the problem of the algae in the lake?
24. Zebra mussels are an invasive, fingernail-sized mollusk that are infesting some of the fresh water lakes in North
America. Their population increases on average at a rate of 5% per day. Let 700 be the amount of zebra mussels in
a certain lake at time 𝑑 0 days. Which of the following functions 𝑔 models the amount of zebra mussels after 𝑡
weeks where 700 is the amount of zebra mussels at time 𝑡 0?
⁄ (B) 𝑔 𝑡 700 1.05

(A) 𝑔 𝑡 700 1.05
⁄ ⁄
(C) 𝑔 𝑡 700 1.05 (D) 𝑔 𝑡 700 1.05
25. Inflation is affecting the cost of goods and services in an economy at a rate of 0.667% per month. Let the cost of a
particular good be worth $100 at time 𝑡 0 years. Which of the following functions gives the value of this good 𝑡
years later?
(A) 𝑎 𝑡 100 1.667 (B) 𝑏 𝑡 100 1 0.667
(C) 𝑐 𝑡 100 1.0067 (D) 𝑑 𝑡 100 1 0.00667

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AP Precalc 2.5.

B Exponential Function Context and Data Modeling

Identify the percent increase or decrease of each function.

For each problem, create a function to model the scenario.

© The Algebros from FlippedMath.com

The quantity increases by a factor of 3 every week.

2.5.B Exponential Function Context and Data Modeling

4. 𝑓 𝑥 801 0.965 5. 𝑓 𝑥 58 0.8 6. 𝑓 𝑛 10 2.061

For each problem, create a function to model the scenario.

© The Algebros from FlippedMath.com

© The Algebros from FlippedMath.com

b. When will the lake be covered halfway?

⁄ (B) 𝑔 𝑡 700 1.05

(A) 𝑎 𝑡 100 1.667 (B) 𝑏 𝑡 100 1 0.667

(C) 𝑐 𝑡 100 1.0067 (D) 𝑑 𝑡 100 1 0.00667

© The Algebros from FlippedMath.com

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