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Map Work

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11 views4 pages

Map Work

Uploaded by

jahiemtimothy5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mapwork: 

1. COMPASS DIRECTION:
- Understanding Bearings:
- Bearings are measured clockwise from the north direction.
- Example: A bearing of 045° means the direction is northeast.
- Practical Application:
- Use a compass to find bearings in the field.
- Apply bearings in navigation, hiking, or orienteering
2. LINES OF LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE:
- Latitude:
- Imaginary lines parallel to the equator, measured in degrees.
- Equator is 0° latitude, poles are 90°N and 90°S.
- Longitude:
- Imaginary lines meeting at the poles, measured in degrees east or west.
- Prime Meridian is 0° longitude.
- Finding Locations:
- Coordinates provide precise locations (e.g., 40°N, 75°W).

3. LOCATING PLACES USING BEARINGS AND CARDINAL POINTS:


- Using Bearings:
- Orient a map according to compass directions.
- Move in the specified direction based on the bearing.
- Cardinal Points:
- N (North), E (East), S (South), W (West) provide general directions.
- Helpful in giving quick references on a map.

4. CALCULATING TIME:
- Understanding Time Zones:
- Earth is divided into 24 time zones, each 15° of longitude wide.
- GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) is the reference.
- Calculating Time Difference:
- 1 hour for every 15° of longitude.
- East adds time; west subtracts.

5. MEASURING DISTANCES ON MAPS:


- Using Scale:
- Scale ratio (e.g., 1:50,000) indicates the relationship between map distance and actual distance.
- A 1-inch measurement on the map may represent 50,000 inches in reality.
- Using a Ruler:
- Place the ruler along the route to measure distances accurately.

6. ENLARGING AND REDUCING MAPS:


- Maintaining Scale:
- Enlarging or reducing should be proportional to the original.
- Adjust scale accordingly to avoid distortion.

7. CONTOUR MAPS AND INTERVISIBILITY:


- Understanding Contour Lines:
- Contour lines connect points of equal elevation.
- Closely spaced lines indicate steep terrain.
- Intervisibility:
- Identify areas visible from a specific point using contour lines.
- Useful for planning visibility in urban or natural environments.

Physical Environment:

1. STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH:


- Core, Mantle, and Crust:
- Core: Solid inner and liquid outer core.
- Mantle: Semi-fluid layer beneath the crust.
- Crust: Earth's outer layer.
- Role in Geography:
- Influences landforms, earthquakes, and volcanic activity.
2. PLATE TECTONICS:
- Tectonic Plates:
- Earth's lithosphere divided into plates.
- Movement leads to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the creation of mountain ranges.
- Boundary Types:
- Divergent, convergent, and transform boundaries.

3. EARTHQUAKES:
- Causes and Effects:
- Caused by the release of stress along faults.
- Effects include ground shaking, surface rupture, and secondary hazards.
- Richter Scale:
- Measures the magnitude of earthquakes.
4. FOLDING AND FAULTING:
- Folding:
- Compression forces lead to the bending of rock layers.
- Creates anticlines (upward folds) and synclines (downward folds).
- Faulting:
- Movement along faults results in earthquakes.
- Examples include normal, reverse, and strike-slip faults.

Human Environment:

1. INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES:


- Primary Activities:
- Involves extraction of raw materials.
- Agriculture, mining, fishing.
- Secondary Activities:
- Manufacturing and processing.
- Factories, construction.
- Tertiary Activities:
- Service-based industries.
- Retail, education, healthcare.

2. FISHERIES:
- Importance:
- Provides livelihoods and food security.
- Economic significance in many regions.
- Sustainability:
- Importance of sustainable practices to prevent overfishing and maintain ecosystems.

3. HAZARDS AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT:


- Identification:
- Recognizing natural hazards (earthquakes, floods, hurricanes).
- Assessing vulnerability.
- Management:
- Preparedness through early warning systems.
- Response, recovery, and prevention strategies.

4. DEFORESTATION AND FOREST CONSERVATION:


- Causes of Deforestation:
- Logging, agriculture, urbanization.
- Conservation Strategies:
- Reforestation, sustainable logging practices.
- Protected areas and biodiversity conservation.

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