CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1Introduction to Infinity Mirror Clock using Arduino

In the modern world, time management has become increasingly crucial in

both personal and professional life. The concept of a smart clock offers not only a
conventional method of telling time but also integrates innovative features that
enhance user experience.

This project focuses on the design and development of a smart clock using an
Arduino UNO micro-controller , DS 3231 RTC Module ,WS2812 LED s, and an I2C
LCD display as main components. The clock aims to present time in both digital and
visual formats, using LED lights to represent time segments in a circular pattern
creating a classic clock representation and an LCD display to to show the date and
month, along with the exact time in a digital format using a 24-hour clock system.

The uniqueness of this project lies in the use of mirrors, which creates a
futuristic display effect, combining aesthetics and functionality.To enhance the visual
experience, the project incorporates both a normal mirror and a one-way mirror,
positioned strategically to produce an illusion of infinite depth. By placing the LED
strip between these mirrors, viewers experience a captivating effect that appears
endless.Additionally, the clock was designed with precision, using 3D-printed
components for its frame to achieve a durable and customization structure.

This project not only highlights the technical skills involved in working with
micro-controllers, displays, and LED s but also emphasizes the creative aspect of
design. The smart clock serves as a demonstration of how modern technology can be
utilized to improve everyday tools, making them more interactive and engaging for
users.
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1.2 Block Diagram of Infinity Mirror Clock using Arduino

8-bit RGB LED Power Supply

8-bit RGB LED

8-bit RGB LED

8-bit RGB LED Arduino UNO LCD Display

8-bit RGB LED

8-bit RGB LED

8-bit RGB LED RTC Module

8-bit RGB LED

Figure(1) Block of Overall System

1.3 Implementation Program

The implementation program can be categorized as follows:

 Studying the related theoretical background
 Considering the design requirement
 Testing the components of overall system
 Constructing the overall system
 Making the discussion

1.4 Aims and Objectives

 The Infinity Mirror Clock uses a real-time clock (RTC) module to display the
exact date and time when the power is turn on.

 The clock's innovative infinity mirror effect is achieved using a series of mirrors,
creating a captivating and visually stunning display.

 The clock is designed for versatile integration into various projects and home
decor settings.
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1.5 Outline of the Project

This project report consists of chapters one to four.Chapter one provides an

introduction for Infinity Mirror Clock using Arduino UNO.Chapter two explains the
overall system of the entire project and its operation.Chapter three describes the
experimental results obtained from the design.Chapter four mention discussion and
conclusion based on the results.
 CHAPTER 2

OVERALL SYSTEM

2.1 Component of Infinity Mirror Clock using Arduino

Main Components

 Arduino UNO Board

 16x2 LCD Display
 8-bit WS 2812 RGB LED Module
 DS 3231 RTC Moudule

Supporting Elements

 Ordinary Mirror
 Transparent Mirror
 AC to DC Power Adapter
 3D printed body frame
 Connecting wires

2.2 Arduino UNO board

UART(Serial Data Interface)

2 KB RAM 32 KB Flash Memory

(Working Memory) (Sketches)

1KB EEPROM(Non-Volatile) CPU

Input/Output parts

Figure(2) Components of Arduino UNO

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Arduino is an open-source computer hardware and software company, project,

and user community that designs and manufactures single-board micro-controllers
and micro-controller kits for building digital devices and interactive objects that can
sense and control objects in the physical and digital world.

The Arduino UNO is a micro-controller board based on the ATmega328P

(data-sheet). It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM
outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHZ crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power
jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything to support the micro-
controller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power with AC-to-
DC adapter or battery to get started. It can be powered by a USB cable or a barrel
connector that accepts voltages between 7 and 20 volts, such as a rectangular 9-volt
battery. It has the same micro-controller as the Arduino Nano board, and the same
headers as the Leonardo board. The hardware reference design is distributed under a
Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 2.5 license and is available on the
Arduino website. Layout and production files for some versions of the hardware are
also available.

UNO means "One" in Italian and is named to mark the upcoming release of
Arduino 1.0. The UNO and version 1.0 will be the reference versions of Arduino,
moving forward. The UNO is the latest in a series of USB Arduino boards, and the
reference model for the Arduino platform; for a comparison with previous versions,
see the index of Arduino boards. Arduino UNO is used as a main processing unit.

Figure(3) Arduino UNO Board

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The Arduino boards can work as a stand-alone project and can be interfaced with
other Arduino boards or Raspberry Pi boards. Arduino UNO board is used in the
following applications.

 Weighing Machines

 Traffic Light Countdown Timer

 Parking Lot Counter

 Embedded systems

 Home Automation

 Industrial Automation

 Medical Instrument

 Emergency Light for Railways

2.2.1 Arduino UNO board Architecture

Basically, the processor of the Arduino board uses the Harvard architecture where the
program code and program data have separate memory. It consists of two memories
such as program memory and data memory. Wherein the data is stored in data
memory and the code is stored in the flash program memory. The Atmega328 micro-
controller has 32kb of flash memory, 2kb of SRAM 1kb of EPROM and operates with
a 16MHz clock speed.

2.2.2 Advantages of Arduino Technology

 It is cheap.

 It comes with an open supply hardware feature that permits users to develop their
own kit.

 The software of the Arduino is well-suited with all kinds of in operation systems
like Linux, Windows, and Macintosh, etc.

 It also comes with open supply software system feature that permits tough
software system developers to use the Arduino code to merge with the prevailing
programming language libraries and may be extended and changed.

 For beginners, it is very simple to use.

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2.3 I2C 16x2 LCD Display