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Algebra Sheet

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72 views3 pages

Algebra Sheet

demo

Uploaded by

devendradhakar8884
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Algebra

Algebra is the branch of mathematics that represents problems in the form of


mathematical expressions. It involves variables like x, y, z, and mathematical
operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division to form a
meaningful mathematical expression.

Expression
An algebraic expression in mathematics is an expression which is
made up of variables and constants, along with algebraic operations
(addition, subtraction, etc.). Expressions are made up of terms.

Polynomial
Polynomials are algebraic expressions that consist of variables and
coefficients. Variables are also sometimes called indeterminate. We can
perform arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and
also positive integer exponents for polynomial expressions but not division by
variable.
example x2+x-12.

Types of Polynomial –

 On the basis of terms  On the basis of Powers


i. Monomial : It have only one term. i. Linear polynomial : It has highest
Ex. - 2, - etc. power is 1.
Ex.- 𝑥
ii. Binomial : It have only two terms.
Ex.- 2
–5 ii. Quadratic Polynomial : It has highest
power is 2.
iii. Trinomial :It have only three terms: Ex.- 𝑥2- 3
Ex - 2 iii. Cubic Polynomial : It has highest power
is 3.
Ex.- 𝑥3-2𝑥
Equation
An expression is a number, a variable, or a combination of numbers and
variables and operation symbols. An equation is made up of two expressions
connected by an equal sign.
Ex.- 4x2+3x-2=0

Variable
A variable is any characteristic, number, or quantity that can be measured
or counted. A variable may also be called a data item. Age, sex, business
income and expenses, country of birth, capital expenditure, class grades,
eye colour and vehicle type are examples of variables.
Ex.- 𝑥 ; 𝑥 is a variable.

Constant Term
A constant term is a term in an algebraic expression that does not contain
any variables and therefore is constant.
Ex.- 𝑥 ; 5 is constant term.

Like term :Like terms are terms whose variables are the same and raised to
the same power.
Ex.- 𝑥 2, -5𝑥 2 etc.
UnLike term : Unlike terms are terms whose variables are different or raised
to a different power.
Ex.- 𝑥𝑦2, -5𝑥 3, -4y2 etc.

Cofficient
A coefficient is a number or an alphabet that is multiplied by a variable of a
single term or the terms of a polynomial
Ex.- I. 3x2 , coefficient of x2 = 3
II. -12xy2, coefficient of x = -12y2

Degree of constant term is 0 (Zero)


4x2 + 3x - 5

Coefficient of x2 Coefficient of x Constant Term/


non- variable Term

Identities
 a2 – b2 = (a – b)(a + b)
 (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
 a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 – 2ab
 (a – b)2 = a2 – 2ab + b2
 (x+a)(x+b)= x2+(a+b)x+a.b
 (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
 (a – b – c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 – 2ab + 2bc – 2ca
 (a + b)3 = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3
“OR”
 (a + b) = a + b3 + 3ab(a + b)
3 3

 (a – b)3 = a3 – 3a2b + 3ab2 – b3


“OR”
a3 – b3 – 3ab(a – b)
 a3 – b3 = (a – b)(a2 + ab + b2)
 a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 – ab + b2)
 𝑎3 𝑏3 𝑐 3 – 𝑎𝑏𝑐 = (𝑎 𝑏 𝑐)(𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐 2 – 𝑎𝑏– 𝑏𝑐 𝑎)

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