LINEAR WATER WAY CALCULATION

NAME OF WORK: CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH LEVEL BRIDGE AT 86/8 OF POLLACHI -

DHARAPURAM - KARUR ROAD (SH 21) IN LIEU OF EXISTING CAUSEWAY.
DATA:-
Maximum Flood Level at site MFL in metres = RL 97.959
Deepest sill level at site along the alignment = RL 96.209
Average depth of flow = = 1.750 m
Design Discharge Q = 116.500 cumecs
Velocity at site, V = 2.387 m/sec

Afflux assumed ha = 0.150 m

Depth of flow d = MFL-SILL
= 1.750
= 1.750 m
(V X d)
Velocity of approach Va =
( d + ha )
2.387 X 1.75
=
1.75 + 0.15
= 2.199 m/sec
Va2
Head due to velocity of approach H =
(2 x g)
(2.198) 2
=
( 2 X 9.81)
= 0.246 m
Head causing the flow h = H + ha
= 0.246 + 0.15
= 0.396 m
Velocity through the vent Vv = (2 x g x h ) (1/2)
0.5
= (2x9.81x0.396)
= 2.789 m
Linear waterway required Q
=
(0.9 X d X Vv )
= 116.5000
( 0.9 X 1.75 X 2.788)
Linear waterway required = 26.524m 570-590
Linear waterway required (in skew) = 37.506m 570-590
DETAILS OF PROPOSAL
3 spans of 9.42 c/c c/c
Span = 9.420m
Skew angle of the alignment = 45 deg (Right Skew)
Number of spans = 3.000
Linear waterway in skew = 39.960m

Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant Engineer (H)
National Highways National Highways National Highways
Coimbatore Pollachi Udumalpet
 SCOUR DEPTH CALCULATION
The mean depth of scour ' dsm ' shall be calculated below the MFL
as per the provisions of Clause no. 703.22.1 of IRC:78-2000
Mean depth of scour d sm = 1.34 ( Db2 / Ksf)1/3
Where Db is the discharge in cumecs per meter width and
Ksf is silt factor for a representative sample of the bed material

As per clause 703.1 of the code under reference the design discharge
is increased by 30 %
Total discharge for scour depth consideration = 116.5*1.3
= 151.450cumecs
LINEAR WATERWAY PROVIDED =

Silt factor for bed material of silt and fine sand = 2.420 (IRC 78, Cl.703.2.2.1, Heavy sand)
Discharge per metre width = 151.45/39.96
= 3.790cumecs
2
Normal Scour Depth, d sm = 1.34( (3.790 / 2.42 )1/3
= 2.426m
FOUNDING LEVEL WITHOUT BED PROTECTION

FOUNDING LEVEL for ABUTMENT

Maximum scour level, D @ abutment location = 1.27* dsm = 3.081m

Maximum scour level for abutment = 97.959-3.081
= RL94.878
Safe foundation level = RL94.878 - 2
= RL92.878

FOUNDING LEVEL for PIER

Maximum scour level, D @ pier location = 2 x dsm = 2 x 2.426
= 4.852m
Maximum scour level for pier = 97.959-4.852
= RL93.107
Safe foundation level = RL93.107 - 2
= RL91.107

Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant Engineer (H)
National Highways National Highways National Highways
Coimbatore Pollachi Udumalpet
 SUMMARY OF DISCHARGE AND VELOCITY
BY AREA VELOCITY METHOD
Sl. Discharge Velocity
Name of cross section
No m3/sec. m/sec.

1 CROSS SECTION AT 418 m U/S side 100.530 2.638

2 CROSS SECTION AT 323 m U/S side 109.566 2.345

3 CROSS SECTION AT 242 m U/S side 102.100 2.034

4 CROSS SECTION AT 161 m U/S side 108.103 2.059

5 CROSS SECTION AT 105 m U/S side 109.402 2.414

6 CROSS SECTION AT 42 m U/S side 101.578 2.228

7 CROSS SECTION AT SITE 115.147 2.345

8 CROSS SECTION AT 28 m D/S side 110.077 2.460

9 CROSS SECTION AT 85 m D/S side 104.075 2.460

10 CROSS SECTION AT 201 m D/S side 96.799 2.747

11 CROSS SECTION AT 225 m D/S side 96.282 2.527

Average discharge (by taking suitable values) 104.878 2.387

Considering 10% variation from average discharge

Maximum discharge is in the Range of 94.390 - 115.366

Max. discharge furnished by P.W.D = 116.500 m3/sec

Maximum discharge by area velocity method = 115.147 m3/sec

Corresponding velocity = 2.387 m3/sec
The Maximum Discharge calculated by area velocity method is cumecs and the discharge
furnished by the PWD is 116.50 cumecs. For design consideration, the Discharge calculated by area
velocity method is lesser than the discharge furnished by the PWD. Hence the discharge given by
PWD of 116.50cumecs is considered as design discharge .
Average velocity 1.981 m/sec has been taken as the design velocity for LWW calculations
required at the proposed bridge site.

DESIGN DISCHARGE = 116.500 m3/sec

DESIGN VELOCITY = 2.387 m3/sec

Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant Engineer (H)
National Highways National Highways National Highways
Coimbatore Pollachi
Pollachi Udumalpet
Udumalpet
 DISCHARGE CALCULATION BY AREA VELOCITY METHOD

NAME OF WORK: CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH LEVEL BRIDGE AT 86/8 OF POLLACHI -

DHARAPURAM - KARUR ROAD (SH 21) IN LIEU OF EXISTING CAUSEWAY.

Note:
1. The bed level at site is taken as RL:+96.209m and also proposed sill level is taken as +96.427m.
2. MFL = The sill level of the existing bed + 1.75m = 96.209+1.75=RL: 97.959m at proposed bridge.
3. Bed width at site is 28.26m.
4. LWW is calculated based on the PWD discharge value and length of bridge is proposed as 116.500
m3/sec.

The discharge at the various cross-sections of the stream is calculated by area velocity method using
the formula
Q= A*V
V=C√RS
where S = Bed slope of the stream,
R = Hydraulic mean depth given by R=A/P,
A = Area of the cross-section,
P = Wetted Premeter of the stream,
C = Kutter,s constant which is given by

23 + 0.00155/S +1/N
C=
1 + (23 + 0.00155/S) * N / ( R)0.5
N= Coefficient of Rougosity which depends on the roughness of the
stream
N= 0.0350 (IRC SP13, TABLE 5.1,5th row Good Condition)
S= 0.01027
Stream Chainage Bed Levels M.F.L 96.523475
418 100.500 102.250 101.000
323 99.525 101.275 99.525
Up
242 98.693 100.443 98.693
Stream
161 97.862 99.612 97.862
Side
105 97.287 99.037 97.287
42 96.640 98.390 96.640
Site 0 96.209 97.959
-28 95.922 97.672 95.922
Down
-85 95.336 97.086 95.336
Stream
-201 94.146 95.896 94.146
Side
-225 93.899 95.649 93.899
Bed Slope = 0.01027 0.01027

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant Engineer (H)

National Highways National Highways
 Discharge Calculation by Area Velocity method (CS AT 418m U/S)
N = 0.0350
S = 0.01027
BED LEVEL TWICE DISTANCE TWICE VERTICAL
MFL (X2+Y2)0.5
LEVEL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE "X" AREA DIFFERENCE
102.250 102.250 0.000
101.928 0.322 0.322 10.500 3.381 0.322 10.505
101.758 0.492 0.814 1.110 0.904 0.170 1.123
101.145 1.105 1.597 9.360 14.948 0.613 9.380
100.500 1.750 2.855 9.690 27.665 0.645 9.711
101.290 0.960 2.710 9.690 26.260 0.790 9.722
102.250 0.000 0.960 3.170 3.043 0.960 3.312
4.629 43.520 76.210 43.760
A = 38.105 m2 P = 43.76 m
R = 38.105/43.76 = 0.88 m
C = 23+(.00155/0.01027)+(1/0.035)
= 1+(23+.00155/0.01027)*(0.035/SQRT(0.88)
C = 27.752
Velocity = 27.752 * SQRT( 0.010270 * 0.880 )
= 2.638 m/sec
Discharge = 2.638 * 38.105
= 100.530 m3/sec.

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant Engineer (H)

National Highways National Highways
Pollachi Udumalpet Udumalpet
 Discharge Calculation by Area Velocity method (CS AT 323m U/S)
N = 0.0350
S = 0.01027
BED LEVEL TWICE DISTANCE TWICE VERTICAL
MFL (X2+Y2)0.5
LEVEL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE "X" AREA DIFFERENCE
101.275 101.275 0.000
101.160 0.115 0.115 2.220 0.255 0.115 2.223
101.025 0.250 0.365 7.100 2.588 0.135 7.101
100.790 0.485 0.735 7.110 5.223 0.235 7.114
100.444 0.831 1.316 1.630 2.144 0.346 1.666
100.382 0.893 1.724 13.000 22.406 0.062 13.000
100.286 0.989 1.882 4.420 8.316 0.096 4.421
99.923 1.352 2.341 5.790 13.552 0.363 5.801
99.525 1.750 3.102 4.590 14.237 0.398 4.607
100.348 0.927 2.677 5.530 14.803 0.823 5.591
100.914 0.361 1.288 6.230 8.021 0.566 6.256
101.275 0.000 0.361 5.230 1.887 0.361 5.242
7.951 62.850 93.440 63.030
A = 46.720 m2 P = 63.03 m
R = 46.72/63.03 = 0.75 m
C = 23+(.00155/0.01027)+(1/0.035)
= 1+(23+.00155/0.01027)*(0.035/SQRT(0.75)
C = 26.721
Velocity = 26.721 * SQRT( 0.010270 * 0.750 )
= 2.345 m/sec
Discharge = 2.345 * 46.720
= 109.566 m3/sec.

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant

Assistant Engineer
Engineer (H) (H)
National Highways National
National Highways
Highways
Pollachi Udumalpet
Pollachi Udumalpet
 Discharge Calculation by Area Velocity method (CS AT 242m U/S)

N = 0.0350

S = 0.01027
BED LEVEL TWICE DISTANCE TWICE VERTICAL
MFL (X2+Y2)0.5
LEVEL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE "X" AREA DIFFERENCE

100.443 100.443 0.000

100.321 0.122 0.122 4.550 0.556 0.122 4.552

100.340 0.103 0.226 4.660 1.051 0.019 4.660

99.985 0.458 0.562 14.930 8.384 0.355 14.934

99.814 0.629 1.088 6.730 7.319 0.171 6.732

99.662 0.781 1.411 11.350 16.009 0.152 11.351

99.548 0.895 1.677 9.600 16.095 0.114 9.601

98.693 1.750 2.645 8.920 23.596 0.855 8.961

100.227 0.216 1.966 13.170 25.896 1.534 13.259

100.378 0.065 0.282 4.390 1.236 0.151 4.393

100.443 0.000 0.065 3.790 0.247 0.065 3.791

5.021 82.090 100.390 82.240

A = 50.195 m2 P = 82.24 m
R = 50.195/82.24 = 0.62 m

C = 23+(.00155/0.01027)+(1/0.035)

= 1+(23+.00155/0.01027)*(0.035/SQRT(0.62)

C = 25.491

Velocity = 25.491 * SQRT( 0.010270 * 0.620 )

= 2.034 m/sec

Discharge = 2.034 * 50.195

= 102.100 m3/sec.

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant

Assistant Engineer
Engineer (H) (H)
National Highways National Highways
Pollachi Udumalpet
Pollachi Udumalpet
 Discharge Calculation by Area Velocity method (CS AT 161m U/S)
N = 0.0350
S = 0.01027
BED LEVEL TWICE DISTANCE TWICE VERTICAL
MFL (X2+Y2)0.5
LEVEL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE "X" AREA DIFFERENCE
99.612 99.612 0.000

99.574 0.038 0.038 1.140 0.043 0.038 1.141

99.419 0.193 0.231 1.700 0.392 0.155 1.707

99.340 0.272 0.465 2.990 1.389 0.079 2.991

99.287 0.325 0.597 3.720 2.219 0.053 3.720

99.205 0.407 0.732 6.420 4.696 0.082 6.421

99.171 0.441 0.848 5.500 4.661 0.034 5.500

99.034 0.578 1.019 4.800 4.889 0.137 4.802

98.955 0.657 1.235 1.980 2.444 0.079 1.982

98.810 0.802 1.459 7.540 10.997 0.145 7.541

98.644 0.968 1.770 3.490 6.176 0.166 3.494

98.495 1.117 2.085 6.500 13.549 0.149 6.502

97.862 1.750 2.867 5.890 16.885 0.633 5.924

98.889 0.723 2.473 7.590 18.768 1.027 7.659

99.187 0.425 1.148 6.510 7.470 0.298 6.517

99.262 0.350 0.775 9.530 7.381 0.075 9.530

99.405 0.207 0.557 3.360 1.870 0.143 3.363

99.612 0.000 0.207 5.710 1.181 0.207 5.714

9.249 84.370 105.020 84.510
A = 52.510 m2 P = 84.51 m
R = 52.51/84.51 = 0.63 m
C = 23+(.00155/0.01027)+(1/0.035)
= 1+(23+.00155/0.01027)*(0.035/SQRT(0.63)
C = 25.594
Velocity = 25.594 * SQRT( 0.010270 * 0.630 )
= 2.059 m/sec
Discharge = 2.059 * 52.510
= 108.103 m3/sec.

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant

Assistant Engineer
Engineer (H) (H)
National Highways National Highways
Pollachi Udumalpet
Pollachi Udumalpet
 Discharge Calculation by Area Velocity method (CS AT 105m U/S)
N = 0.0350
S = 0.01027
BED LEVEL TWICE DISTANCE TWICE VERTICAL
MFL (X2+Y2)0.5
LEVEL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE "X" AREA DIFFERENCE
99.037 99.037 0.000

98.981 0.056 0.056 5.580 0.312 0.056 5.580

98.744 0.293 0.349 5.440 1.897 0.237 5.445

98.699 0.338 0.631 1.890 1.192 0.045 1.891

98.311 0.726 1.064 3.500 3.723 0.388 3.521

98.169 0.868 1.594 7.320 11.666 0.142 7.321

97.511 1.526 2.394 8.730 20.898 0.658 8.755

97.287 1.750 3.276 4.980 16.314 0.224 4.985

97.540 1.497 3.247 2.330 7.565 0.253 2.344

97.975 1.062 2.559 3.030 7.753 0.435 3.061

98.327 0.710 1.772 9.140 16.194 0.352 9.147

98.755 0.282 0.992 3.140 3.114 0.428 3.169

99.037 0.000 0.282 3.150 0.888 0.282 3.163

9.107 58.230 90.630 58.390
A = 45.315 m2 P = 58.39 m
R = 45.315/58.39 = 0.78 m
C = 23+(.00155/0.01027)+(1/0.035)
= 1+(23+.00155/0.01027)*(0.035/SQRT(0.78)
C = 26.974
Velocity = 26.974 * SQRT( 0.010270 * 0.780 )
= 2.414 m/sec
Discharge = 2.414 * 45.315
= 109.402 m3/sec.

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant

Assistant Engineer
Engineer (H) (H)
National Highways National Highways
Pollachi Udumalpet
Pollachi Udumalpet
 Discharge Calculation by Area Velocity method (CS AT 42m U/S)
N = 0.0350
S = 0.01027
BED LEVEL TWICE DISTANCE TWICE VERTICAL
MFL (X2+Y2)0.5
LEVEL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE "X" AREA DIFFERENCE
98.390 98.390 0.000

98.211 0.179 0.179 3.210 0.575 0.179 3.215

98.154 0.236 0.415 7.330 3.044 0.057 7.330

97.850 0.540 0.776 15.050 11.683 0.304 15.053

96.640 1.750 2.290 7.200 16.489 1.210 7.301

96.714 1.676 3.426 7.310 25.045 0.074 7.310

97.710 0.680 2.356 9.330 21.984 0.996 9.383

98.049 0.341 1.021 8.360 8.538 0.339 8.367

98.164 0.226 0.567 5.880 3.336 0.115 5.881

98.390 0.000 0.226 2.170 0.491 0.226 2.182

5.629 65.840 91.190 66.030
A = 45.595 m2 P = 66.03 m
R = 45.595/66.03 = 0.70 m
C = 23+(.00155/0.01027)+(1/0.035)
= 1+(23+.00155/0.01027)*(0.035/SQRT(0.7)
C = 26.275
Velocity = 26.275 * SQRT( 0.010270 * 0.700 )
= 2.228 m/sec
Discharge = 2.228 * 45.595
= 101.578 m3/sec.

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant

Assistant Engineer
Engineer (H) (H)
National Highways National Highways
Pollachi Udumalpet
Pollachi Udumalpet
 Discharge Calculation by Area Velocity method (CS AT SITE)
N = 0.0350
S = 0.01027
BED LEVEL TWICE DISTANCE TWICE VERTICAL
MFL (X2+Y2)0.5
LEVEL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE "X" AREA DIFFERENCE
97.959 97.959 0.000
97.783 0.176 0.176 3.210 0.565 0.176 3.215
97.670 0.289 0.465 7.330 3.408 0.113 7.331
97.298 0.661 0.950 15.050 14.298 0.372 15.055
96.209 1.750 2.039 7.200 14.681 1.089 7.282
96.611 1.348 3.098 7.310 22.646 0.402 7.321
96.836 1.123 2.471 9.330 23.054 0.225 9.333
97.382 0.577 1.700 8.360 14.212 0.546 8.378
97.718 0.241 0.818 5.880 4.810 0.336 5.890
97.959 0.000 0.241 2.170 0.523 0.241 2.183
6.165 65.840 98.200 65.990
A = 49.100 m2 P = 65.99 m
R = 49.1/65.99 = 0.75 m
C = 23+(.00155/0.01027)+(1/0.035)
= 1+(23+.00155/0.01027)*(0.035/SQRT(0.75)
C = 26.721
Velocity = 26.721 * SQRT( 0.010270 * 0.750 )
= 2.345 m/sec
Discharge = 2.345 * 49.100
= 115.147 m3/sec.

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant

Assistant Engineer
Engineer (H) (H)
National Highways National Highways
Pollachi Udumalpet
Pollachi Udumalpet
 Discharge Calculation by Area Velocity method (CS AT 28m D/S)
N = 0.0350
S = 0.01027
BED LEVEL TWICE DISTANCE TWICE VERTICAL
MFL (X2+Y2)0.5
LEVEL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE "X" AREA DIFFERENCE
97.672 97.672 0.000
97.450 0.222 0.222 3.260 0.722 0.222 3.268
97.365 0.307 0.528 11.030 5.825 0.085 11.030
96.987 0.685 0.991 6.550 6.492 0.378 6.561
96.475 1.197 1.881 2.860 5.380 0.512 2.905
95.922 1.750 2.947 9.380 27.639 0.553 9.396
96.117 1.555 3.305 7.680 25.379 0.195 7.682
97.298 0.374 1.928 7.920 15.271 1.181 8.008
97.672 0.000 0.374 7.460 2.787 0.374 7.469
6.087 56.140 89.500 56.320
A = 44.750 m2 P = 56.32 m
R = 44.75/56.32 = 0.80 m
C = 23+(.00155/0.01027)+(1/0.035)
= 1+(23+.00155/0.01027)*(0.035/SQRT(0.8)
C = 27.138
Velocity = 27.138 * SQRT( 0.010270 * 0.800 )
= 2.460 m/sec
Discharge = 2.460 * 44.750
= 110.077 m3/sec.

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant

Assistant Engineer
Engineer (H) (H)
National Highways National Highways
Pollachi Udumalpet
Pollachi Udumalpet
 Discharge Calculation by Area Velocity method (CS AT 85m D/S)
N = 0.0350
S = 0.01027
BED LEVEL TWICE DISTANCE TWICE VERTICAL
MFL (X2+Y2)0.5
LEVEL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE "X" AREA DIFFERENCE
97.086 97.086 0.000
96.305 0.781 0.781 8.700 6.798 0.781 8.735
96.189 0.897 1.679 3.670 6.161 0.116 3.672
96.086 1.000 1.898 6.640 12.602 0.103 6.641
96.044 1.042 2.043 4.280 8.743 0.042 4.280
95.336 1.750 2.792 7.380 20.608 0.708 7.414
96.284 0.802 2.552 6.850 17.484 0.948 6.915
97.086 0.000 0.802 15.220 12.213 0.802 15.241
6.274 52.740 84.620 52.900
A = 42.310 m2 P = 52.90 m
R = 42.31/52.9 = 0.80 m
C = 23+(.00155/0.01027)+(1/0.035)
= 1+(23+.00155/0.01027)*(0.035/SQRT(0.8)
C = 27.138
Velocity = 27.138 * SQRT( 0.010270 * 0.800 )
= 2.460 m/sec
Discharge = 2.460 * 42.310
= 104.075 m3/sec.

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant

Assistant Engineer
Engineer (H) (H)
National Highways National Highways
Pollachi Udumalpet
Pollachi Udumalpet
 Discharge Calculation by Area Velocity method (CS AT 201m D/S)
N = 0.0350
S = 0.01027
BED LEVEL TWICE DISTANCE TWICE VERTICAL
MFL (X2+Y2)0.5
LEVEL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE "X" AREA DIFFERENCE
95.896 95.896 0.000
94.988 0.908 0.908 14.980 13.596 0.908 15.007
94.146 1.750 2.658 10.960 29.128 0.842 10.992
94.500 1.396 3.146 6.310 19.849 0.354 6.320
95.896 0.000 1.396 5.660 7.899 1.396 5.830
4.053 37.910 70.480 38.150
A = 35.240 m2 P = 38.15 m
R = 35.24/38.15 = 0.93 m
C = 23+(.00155/0.01027)+(1/0.035)
= 1+(23+.00155/0.01027)*(0.035/SQRT(0.93)
C = 28.107
Velocity = 28.107 * SQRT( 0.010270 * 0.930 )
= 2.747 m/sec
Discharge = 2.747 * 35.240
= 96.799 m3/sec.

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant

Assistant Engineer
Engineer (H) (H)
National Highways National Highways
Pollachi Udumalpet
Pollachi Udumalpet
 Discharge Calculation by Area Velocity method (CS AT 225m D/S)
N = 0.0350
S = 0.01027
BED LEVEL TWICE DISTANCE TWICE VERTICAL
MFL (X2+Y2)0.5
LEVEL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE "X" AREA DIFFERENCE
95.649 95.649 0.000
95.455 0.194 0.194 5.080 0.987 0.194 5.084
94.897 0.752 0.947 4.680 4.430 0.558 4.713
93.899 1.750 2.502 8.080 20.218 0.998 8.141
94.101 1.548 3.298 11.490 37.897 0.202 11.492
95.305 0.344 1.893 4.530 8.573 1.204 4.687
95.649 0.000 0.344 11.860 4.083 0.344 11.865
4.589 45.720 76.190 45.990
A = 38.095 m2 P = 45.99 m
R = 38.095/45.99 = 0.83 m
C = 23+(.00155/0.01027)+(1/0.035)
= 1+(23+.00155/0.01027)*(0.035/SQRT(0.83)
C = 27.375
Velocity = 27.375 * SQRT( 0.010270 * 0.830 )
= 2.527 m/sec
Discharge = 2.527 * 38.095
= 96.282 m3/sec.

Assistant Divisional Engineer (H) Assistant

Assistant Engineer
Engineer (H) (H)
National Highways National Highways
Pollachi Udumalpet
Pollachi Udumalpet