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Lab Report Requirements

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37 views11 pages

Lab Report Requirements

Uploaded by

nandini.singh9798
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Paper 6- Alternative to

Practical
Points to Remember
Lab Report Format
Title: The title should be general, explaining what the experiment is about.
Aim: The aim should be a statement stating what you are trying to find out.
Hypothesis: A statement of what you think will happen in your experiment and a scientific
reason
why.
Example - If___(1)____ then ______(2)___… because___________
1. Independent Variable changes this way
2. Dependent Variable, will change this way
Variables - There are always 3 types of variables in an experiment:
1. Control Variables: These are the ones that must be the same in each
experiment. You should state each control variable and how each one will be kept
the same. Give at least 3 control variables with specific quantity and units.
2. Independent (manipulated) Variable: This is the one variable that you
deliberately change in the experiment. You should state the variable and then
explain how you will be changing it and any relevant units.
3. Dependent (responding) Variable: This is the one variable you measure to find
your results. You should state the variable and then explain how you will measure
it and any relevant units.
Materials required: List all the apparatus and materials used with appropriate quantity.

Method - This is a list of steps that you would carry out to perform the experiment and collect the data. They must be detailed
enough for somebody else to follow so they can do the experiment.

Point form is suitable.

1. How to set up the material (include a diagram of the set up).

2. Set up the first independent variable.

3. Run the experiment

4. How to take the measurement of the dependent variable

5. Repeating the measurement to get an average

6. How to change the independent variable to repeat the experiment again.

7. What are the values of the independent variable you are using when you repeat the experiment.

8. How many times to repeat the experiment


Observations & Results:

Provided below is the detailed description of how to write a lab report.

• Using tables, record what happened, including measurements and observations (also anything you heard, saw,
smelled if applicable). Tables must be clearly presented and easy

to read with titles and units.

• It is also useful to put the average values of your data if you have carried out repeats of each measurement.

• The data from the tables should be analysed and presented as a suitable graph(s) if possible. Graphs should be
generated using excel or some other computer graphing program.

• Include a title, labelled axes and units. The independent variable should be on the horizontal axis.

• Include any calculations. The graph(s) should be analyzed and explained using scientific reasoning. Examples of
analysis include: finding and interpreting the meaning of the gradient (slope) and/or intercepts, interpreting the
shape of the graph(s), finding the equation(s) of the line of best fit (trendline), comparing graphs to one another or to
the control, etc.
Conclusion: This section explains what you found out from your investigation. You should:
• Read the question of the aim again and try answering it by looking at the results.
• Use numbers to describe the trend/pattern, compare your results to your hypothesis; explain
your results with scientific knowledge.
• Explain any unexpected results.
Evaluation:
• Did you carry out the experiment accurately and how do you know?
• Did you make any errors and how?
• Did you control the controlled variables well?
• Improvements - How could you improve the method so that your experiment was more
accurate? How can you improve the choice of apparatus, instruments or materials?
Precautions:
• What materials are fragile?
• What materials are flammable?
• What precautionary assets to be used while performing the experiment? (protective
glasses, apron, gloves)
Extensions:
• What other dependent variables can you measure?
• What other control variables can you change and repeat the experiment?
• What other hypothesis can you investigate for the same topic?
Graphs
Independent Variable on X axis (horizontal line)

Dependent Variable on Y axis (vertical line)

Scale to be decided considering minimum and maximum value and must be


mentioned in the graph

Axis title and graph titles

Axes title must mention units


Types of graphs
Histogram

Line graphs

Pie charts
Formulae
Average/Mean

Magnification

Rate = 1/Time

Percentage increase

Percentage decrease

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