ww on sensors. (6 (c) Analyze the operation and construction of the types of oxygen sensors. ( Marks) (4) What is a valve? List three applications and their usage? (5 Mark 8. (a) Show the proof of maximum temperature attained with intermittent loading (7 Marks) in a rotating electrical machine. and hence explain in details (including diagram) a rotating electrical machine. (4 Marks) (b) Define the term torque angle the physical concept of the production of torqus erator and motor operation in rated between the (c) What are the differences between the g es and state the formula f electrical machi total emf gene positive and negative terminals in a direct current (de) machine as well as torque (6 Marks) balance equation. of rotating electrical machines and (d) List the methods of ventilation and cooling (4 Marks) list any six (6) types of enclosures. 4(a) List the classification of transformers. A single phase transformer has 400 turns. The net cross-sectional area of the core is .d toa 60Hz supply at 500V, and (ii) the voltage (5 Marks) primary and 1000 secondary 60cm, If the primary winding to be connecte calculate (i) the peak value of the flux density in the core, induced in the secondary winding. surrent. The core ofa 100KVa, former has a cross ~ section of 20 em (ii) the emf per turn if the ea stacking factor of 0.9. (b) Explain the term transformer on direct © 11,000/550V, 50Hz, 1-phase, core type trans! x 20 em, Find (i) the number of hy and lv turns and maximum core density is not to exceed 1.8T. Assumi What will happen if the primary voltage is increased by 10% on noload? (7 Marks) ansformer and explain in details the open circuit test (or (c) State the losses in a tr: (6 Marks) no-load test) (d) Define the term efficiency of a transformer stating the formula, (2 Marks) 5 (a) State the functions of the eeampter aiid brushes in a Direct Current (D.C) machine, (4 Marks) 2/Pageors. tior RAVER | (ABUAD) COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS 2013/2014 SESSION ELECTRICAL MACHINES (EEE $25) i Time: ghrs Instructions 5 Answer question(s) one (1) and any other three (3). * Any electronic device (Phones, tablets, android ete) seen will be destroyed; only calculators are allowed, gil2) What is the function ofa crank angle sensor? State the types, and explain the ways a solenoid can be controlled and the basic principle of their operation. (Showing diagram) (10 marks) (©) Define the cooling time constant of a rotating electrical machine and hence deduce that @ = 8, e~ = 0.3680, (10 marks) (©) What do you understand by the term transformer? Explain the Nigerian ‘Transmission via transformers. A 25KVA single phase transformer has $00 turns on primary and 60 turns on the secondary winding. The primary is connected to 1200v, 50H2 mains. Determine (i) Primary and secondary currents on full load (1i) voltage and current ratios (iii) secondary emf (10 marks) (d) Define the term Direct Current (D.C) Machine, drawing the classification table and explain in details the basic principle of operation of a D.C machine, (10 marks) 2, (a) Describe the term digital signal, providing an example, list the types of resistive sensors and provide an example each (5 Marks) (b) Explain the basic operation of a stepper motor, how they are used, list the types of actuators and an example each. (+ Marks) 1/Page© AS-VA, 2300/230V , 50 Hz transformer was tested for the iron losses with normal excitation and Cu losses at full-tond and these were found to be AOW and 112W respectively, (Calculate the efficiencies of the transformer at 0.8 power factor for the following KVA Outputs: Power 125 2S 315 3.0 [625 75 eer i " i) ‘Sketch the efficiency Vs kVA Output curve {10 marks} QUESTION FOUR (@) _ Define Electromechanical Energy conversion {2marks} ple in (©) State two applications of Electromechanical energy conversion giving at least one exam each case, {4 marks} (©) The relay shown on figure Q4c is made of infinitely-permeable magnetic material, ‘The movable plunger, is also made of infinitely-permeable material. Ifthe height of the plunger is much greater than the air-gap length (h>>g). @ Calculate the magnetic stored energy Was for x 1050 turns, g = 2mm,d = 0,25 m,l= 0.1 m,and t 0.005m, given that N= 0A Gi) Also, determine also the force on the plunger for the same displacement x when the current is held constant at i=10A. Figure Q4c [6 marks} (@ Figure Q4d shows a doubly excited system with the following under listed inductances; Ly, = (10+c0826)mH Ly =(15+5e0820)H Ly, =(0.2c0s0)H| TITLE OF EXAMINATION: BENG(HO? FREE. COLLEGE: ENGINEERING ee ee DEPARTMEN SE SION: 2018/2019 LECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING SEMESTER: FIRST CREDIT UNIT: 3 COURSE CODE: EEE 325 COURSE TITL ELECTRICAL MACHINE L DATE: 6/122018 STRUCTION wee ) QUESTION Tint: 3 HOURS. QUESTION ONE (a) Using a suitable diagram differentiate between Progressive and Retrogressive Lap winding [2 marks} (b) _ Differentiate between Lap and Wave Winding [4marks] @ ADC machine having 4 poles,32 slots with one conductor per slot is to be wound in the form of simplex progressive Ip winding, Obtain the following, (i) The resulting winding table (ii) Draw a well- developed winding diagram, showing the position of the pole, commutator segment and brushes. [14 marks] QUESTION TWO a) Drawthe cross-sectional view of a 4-pole DC Machine {5 marks} b) Describe explicitly any five (5) parts of the DC machine and state its functions. [5 marks} 2) Explain the working principle of aDC Motor {3 marks] 3) ADC series motor is operated at Tall load from a 230V supply at a speed of 700rPm- The back anf is found to be 202V ata line current of 30A, determine the following () The armature resistance if the series field resistance is 0.20 (ii) Find the no-load speed given that the no-load current is 1A [7 marks] UESTION THREE ) Define the All-Day efficiency of a transformer [2 marks} ) An 800kVA distribution transformer supplying ABUAD farm has full load iron loss of 6.5KW ond copper loss of 4.5kW. During a day, given that its load cycle for 24 hours is shown on Table 3b, Determine its all-day efficiency Table Q3b [No of hours ‘Loading in kW Power factor 6 420 0.8 10 350 0.75 4 180 0.8 4 0 = 18 marks]QUESTION FIVE (@) Explain the following methods of improving commutation: @ Resistance commutation i) Application of interpoles )_ Compensating windings eee (b) Using the voltage equation of a motor, Proof that the gross mechanical power developed by a motor is maximum when the back e,m.fis equal to half the applied vole, (6 Marks) (© A 4-pole, 240 V, wave connected shunt motor gives 1119 kW when running at 1000 rpm and drawing armature and field currents of 50 A and 1.0 © respectively. It has 540 Lee TSS Tee Gane sOllokin’ Assuming a rop of volt per brush: fins (Total torque Gi) Useful torque Gil) Useful fux/pote (iv) Rotational losses and ()__ Efficiency. onary) QUESTION SIX (2) Using a suitable line diagram show how the following configurations can be achieved for three-phase transformer: (i) Delta-Delta (ii) Delta-Wye Gi) Wye-Delta (iv) Wye—Wye (8 Marks) () From Q6a which of these configurations is preferred for Power distribution system. (@ Marks) (©) A 5-KVA, 2300/230V, 50 Hz transformer was tested for the iron losses with normal excitation and Cu losses at full-load and these were found to be 40W and 112W respectively. () Caleulate the efficiencies ofthe transformer at 0.8 power factor for the following KVA Outputs: (ii) Sketch the efficiency Vs KVA Output curve. (10 Marks) Power 125 [25 315 5.0 625 7S Output(kVA) | QUESTION SEVEN (@) i. What do you understand by the term “build-up of a generator”? (2 Marks) ii, Highlight four indications and causes of an overloaded generator. (4 Marks) (&) Discuss two classes of de generator based on their mode of excitation. (4 Marks) (©) The parameters of a 150/1S00V ,50 Hz transformer is given below: Ri=0.2862 R320 Ro=2100 3QUESTION TWO (@) @. Mention four essential parts of DC generator and states their functions. (2 Marks) (ii)Mention and explain the five causes for the failure of the generator to build up. (G Marks) (b) Explain voltage buildup of a shunt generator ' (5 Marks) (©) The magnetization curve ofa de shunt generator at 1500 rpm is given as , = et) | 0.4 0.8 ike) ane 2 2.4 2.6 3 =~ ol 60 120] 172.5| 202.5 221 231 237 240 For this generator determine the following; (No load emf for a total shunt field resistance Gi) The critical field resistance at 1500 rpm it) The magnetization curve at 1200 rpm for the open circuit voltage of a field resistance 1000. (10 Marks) SECTI QUESTION THREE (@) Mention two effects of armature magnetic field and state the consequences of these effects. (4 Marks) (6 Marks) (b) Explain the term armature reaction of a de generator, (©) A 22.38 kW, 440, 4-pole wave-wound de shunt motor has 840 armature conductors and 140 commutator segments. Its full-load efficiency is 88% and the shunt field current is 1.8 A. if the brushes are shifted backward through 1.5 segments from the geometrical neutral axis, determine the demagnetizing and distorting amp-turns/pole.(10 Marks) QUESTION FOUR (a) Differentiate between a single-phase transformer and a three-phase transformer. (6 Marks) (4 Marks) (b) Define the All-Day efficiency of a transformer. (©) An 800kVA distribution transformer supplying ABUAD farm has full load iron loss of 6.5kW and copper loss of 4.5kW. On 24th November,2020, its load cycle for 24 hours is as shown in Table Q4c. Determine its all-day efficiency? (10 Marks) Table Qc No of hours Loading in kW Power factor 6 420 08: a 10 350 075 4 180, 08 4 0 =(3 Marks) co (b) Explain voltage buildup of a shunt generator (5 Marks) (©) The magnetization curve of a de shunt generator at 1800 epm is given as saan, ““BUAD) COLLEGE OF ENGn DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRIC) seed ‘AL & COMPUTER ENGIN Degree Title: B.Eng. Course code: EEE 325, artis Semester: First, por Level: 300 Course tile: Electrical Machines 1 Session: 2020/2021 Lecturer: Engr, Prof Sane! aral Dr: 8.1 Ghadamos/n Date: 240221 Time: 3 Hou EMO Ayamslowo Instruction: Answer All Questions in Section A and Any Thre (3) in Five (5) Questions in all, Note: STI he eee poet rs Will Attract Negative Marking, llavties of Answer SECTION A (40 Marks) QUESTION ONE, (@) (i) What is electromechanical energy conversion? (@ Marks) Gi) State two applications of electro mechanical energy conversion giving atleast one example in each case. (4 Marks) (b) Using a suitable line diagram of the Nigeria Power Network (from Gener distribution) identify the various types of transformers involved (4 Marks) (©) The relay shown in Fig. Qc is made of infinitely-permeable magnetic material with a movable plunger, made also of infinitely-permeable material. The height of the plunger is much greater than the air-gap length (h>>g). (Calculate the magnetic stored energy Wd for x=0.08m given that; N=1200 tums, g =3 mm, d=0.3m, I=0.2m, and i=11A. (ii) Find also the force on the plunger for the same displacement x when the current is INCREASED to (10 Marks)EEE on, COLLEGE Or COMPUTER wu ure ve: BEE Ste ea Mans Coane te: © 0 ono Ma < woo ovine (©)A 25 kW, 500 V DC series generator has armature and series field resistance of 0.050 a 0.03 0 respectively. Calculate the generated emf and the armature current at full Joa (5 marks} (3 marks) | (©) With the help of neat sketches differentiate between long-shunt compound Ce and short shunt compound generator. (¢) Whatis the function of interpoles? 4. (a) Define the term ‘Armature Reaction’ in DC machines, [5 marks} (2 marks} (@ Asa planning engineer of a power generating plant, list at least three available options to meet a generating, capacity of 500 kW. Note that the manufacturer can only ‘supply several generators of 100 kW, 200 kW and 500kW capacities. [4marks) (@A separately excited DC generator running at 1000 rpm supplied 110 A at 220 V toa resistive load. Ifthe load resistance remains constant, what will be the load current ifthe speed is reduced to 800 rpm? Armature resistance is 0.02 ©. Field current is unaltered ‘Assume a voltage drop of 1 V per brush. Ignore the effect of armature reaction [6 marks] (a)Obtain the equation for the maximum mechanical power developed in a DC motor. {5 marks] (b) State the reasons why the condition obtained in the Question 5a cannot be practically achieved. marks] (c Sketch the operation diagrams of three separately excited generators in parallel [4marks} (€) White connecting a two or more DC generators in parallel, state the conditions that must be satisfied. (marks) (e) A d-pole DC motor has a wave connected armature of 20 em diameter and 25 em length. The pole arcs 120, Find the total torque and mechanical power developed when the armature current is 50 A. The speed is 1400 rpm, the gap density under the pole shoe is 0.35 T and the armature has 220 conductors {7 marks] 6. _(@)Define an ideal transformer [marks] {bySketch the front views ofthe core part ofa 1-phase core and shell type transformers [5 marks} (oshow that 2 = 4 = 4 in a transformer (marks) Ah th (What is the purpose of constructing transformer core by silicon content stee) lamination? [3 marks] (e)The core of a 1-phase, 50 Hz, 11 kV/240 V, 100KVA, core type Transformer has a cross- section of core as 400 cm, Find (i) the number of HV and LV tums per phase (i) the emt per tum and (ii) the fulload HV and LV side currents, The core density should not exceed 1.3T. [6 marks) All the best,1 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING EEE 325; wee ELECTRICAL MACHINES (cane gene? Erg nd CANDIDATE'S NAME__ Pi ones Insirutions:() Atempt any 4 uestions, ) Answerques nC NO. Gi) Spcity machine data and caesation ate ona th be pont from your names and matric number on this question paper is a eas freed Time Allowed: 2 Hour storie (@) List two important reasons why commutator is employed in DC machines? [3 marks} ©) Draw interconnection of field cotls in'a 4-pole DC machine to form a complete field winding, Indicate the direction of the DG excitation current in each coil and give reason(s) for this. 5 marks] (Why is the armature core in DC machines constructed with laminated steel sheets instead of solid steel? [2 marks] (4) Name the two methods of improving commutation. [3 marks] (e) Determine the back and front pitches for a 6-pole wave winding with 64 slots and 256 commutator segments wound with single tur coils, If the flux per pole is 0.05 Wb, determine the induced emf in the winding for a speed of 1000 rpm, (7 marks) (a)What are Electrical Machines? [arn (b)With the help of neat sketches bring out the distinction between the two different types of windings used for DC machine armature. [7 marks] (©) Why is the emf not zero when the field current is reduced to zero in a DC generator? [2 marks] (@)What are the causes of sparking at the brushes of DC machines? [2 marks] (@)A 240 V DC shunt motor takes a total current of 20 A. The resistance shunt field circuit is 200 O respectively. Find the armature current: 15 marks] (a)What are the conditions to be fulfilled for the self-excitation of a DC shunt generator 15 marks] (b)With the help of neat sketches explain the process of commutation of a particular coil ina DC machine. (6 marks] (c)Define critical field resistance in DC shunt generator. [2 marks} (d)Why are the main poles in DC Machines constructed with laminated steel sheets instead of solid steels? [2 marks}ston me WN QUESTION THREE single phase transformer and a three-phase transformer [2 marks] (a) Differentiate between a : (b) Using a suitable line diagram show how the following configurations can be achieved for three phase transformer: i, Delta-Delta ii, Delta-Wye iii, Wye-Delta iv. Wye Wye [8 marks] (©) From Q3b which of these configurations is preferred for distribution system. [1 mark] (@) Using suitable diagram(s) explains the principle of operation of a transformer. [3 marks] (©) A 11000/415V, 50 Hz single phase transformer is built on a core having an effective cross sectional area of 250em? with 120 turns in the low voltage windings. Given that the transformer is to be used in the MULTI SYSTEM HOSPITAL, AFE BABALOLA UNIVERSITY, Nigeria. Calculate the following; () The maximum flux in the core (ii) The maximum flux density in the core (iii) The number of turns in the high voltage winding [6 marks] eSTION FOUR (@) Whats Electromechanical Energy conversion [2marks] (b) State two applications of Electro mechanical energy conversion giving at least one example in each case. j [4 marks] (©) Figure Q4c shows a doubly excited system with the following under-listed inductances; Ly, = (10+ cos20)mH Ly = (15+ 5cos20)H Ly, =(0.2cos@)H Figure Q4e () Determine the Torque developed for i, = 8A andi, = 0.054at! ARBALOLAY ~SttaD) H OF EXAMINATION: BLENG(HONS) DEGREE EXAMINATI RoE NGINEERING Y pba TARTMENT: ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINE SESSION: 2019/2020 2 SEMESTER: FIRST COURSE CODE: EEE 325 CRE 3 COURSE TITLE: ELECTRICAL MACiNET DATE: wiaan INSTRUCTION: ANSWER ANY FIVE (5) QUESTIONS ‘TIME: 3 HOURS QUESTION ONE (a) Draw the cross-sectional view of a 4-pole DC Machine {5 marks} (©) Describe explicitly any five (5) parts of the DC machine and state its functions. [5 marks} (©) _ Explain the working principle of a DC Motor [3 marks} (@) ADC series motor is operated at full load from a 230V supply ata speed of 7OOrpm. The back emfis found to be 202V at a line current of 30A, determine the following > @ The armature resistance if the series field resistance is 0.20 (ii) Find the no-load speed given that the no-load current is 1A [7 marks] QUESTION TWO (a) Define the All-Day efficiency of a transformer [2 marks} (b) An 800kVA distribution transformer supplying ABUAD farm has full load iron loss of 6.5kW and copper loss of 4.5kW. On 24" November,2019, its load cycle for 24 hours is shown on Table Q2b, Determine its all-day efficiency Table Q2b ‘No of hours al Power factor 6 0.8 10 0.75 4 0.8 zy = [9 marks] (c) A 5-kVA, 2300/230V, 50 Hz transformer was tested for the iron losses with normal excitation and Cu losses at fll-load and these were found to be 40W and 112W respectively. (Calculate the efficiencies of the transformer at 0.8 power factor for the following KVA Outputs: Power 125 25 375 5.0 625 75 Output(kVA) aang (i) ‘Sketch the efficiency Vs kVA Output curve an(b) Explain votta (©) The magneti #e buildup ofa shunt generator Marts) lation curve of a de shunt a6] | 237 240 Nola em ora ota shat eld esse The cal eldrsisanee saan The magnetzaon curves 1200 fr he open ces 7 mace en Se volage of. (10 Marks) CTION B QUESTION THREE (©) Explain the term armature reaction of de generator, (©) 422.38 kW, 440, 4-pole wave-wound de shunt motor has 840 armature conductors and {ig commutator segments, Its fll-load efficiency is 88% andthe shunt hee current is, 1.8 A. ifthe brushes are shifted backward through 15 segments fom the ‘geometrical neutral axis, determine the demagnetizing and distorting amp-tums/poe (ie Marks) QUESTION FOUR @) Differentiate between a single-phase transformer and a three-phase transformer, (6 Marks) (b) Define the All-Day efficiency ofa tydhformer. (4 Marks) (© An 800kVA distribution transformey dpplying ABUAD farm has full load Sron losp of 6:5KW and copper loss of 4.5kW. On|24th November, 2020, its load cycle for 24 hours is as shown in Table Q4c, Determif all-day efficiency? (10 Marks) Table Qte I [No of hours Loading in kW Power factor 6 20 os 10 350 075 4 180 08 a 0 zfaine ' ABUAD) Re Sa ee aS F PLEEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT of. aCTRICAL & COMPING ENGINEERING Pearee Title: B Eng Gourse code: EEE 395 Noor Units: 3 Semester: "Fis Level: 309 Course tite; Electrical Machines 1 Session: 2020/2021 Lecturer: Be Prot: Samuel Warw BE S.L. Goadamosiiin 0.1 Ayamolowo, aout esa A AstEUction: Answer 41 IM Atfact Negative Marking Marks) hanical energy conversion? (2 Marks) Mechanical energy conversion Biving at least’on example in each case, (4 Marks) (©) Using a suitable fine f ion) © the magnetic stored Be See torre O ogee that; N=1200 Bats 8-3 mm, d=0.3m, [op 2m, and i=114, Gi) Find also AS fet onthe plunger forte same displacement when the current 'SINCREASED to j-1s@) Given that test conducted on a 4 i '00/1200V, SOHz Single. former si ABU; Nave the aoa inele-phase transformer supplying ABUAD @ Core-1oss resistance (Ry) Gi) Magnetizing reactance (%) t ma Gil) Secondary resistance ILS marks} (iv) Secondary reactance [1.5 marks} () Secondary Impedance [mark] (©) Ifthe transformer in Q6(@) abov. Voltage being 400V, Determin, i The terminal sec (i) The percentage voliage regulation, (©) Draw the resulting equivalent diagram in Q is delivering a load of SkW at 0.8p, flagging, with the primary “ondary voltage [6marks} 6(a) as referred to the primary, indicating the values of the various transformer parameter as calculated. [1 mark (@ "A transformer when connected 10.8 1000V, 50. supply had a core loss of J000W. If 650W is atsibuted to hysteresis loss and the other ie due to eddy current loss, Given that the applied voltage and frequency are increased to. 2,000 and 100Hz respectively. Find the new core losses (Hysteresis and eddy current loss) under the later condition, (Hint: the flux density is unchanged during this test) G marks) QUESTION SEVEN (2) Deseribe the working principle ofa DC generator (©) A 2-pole DC generator running at 1200rpm and with Calculate the number of conductors if the armature ig (@) Lap-wound (ii) Wave wound a flux of 25mi¥b per pole generates 400V. [6 marks} (©) ADC generator has an armature exm.f of 100V , when the useful flux per pole is 20m IVb, and the Speed is 800rpm, Calculate the generated emf under the following conditions © Constant Aux per pole and a speed of 1000rpm (i) Ata flux per pole of 24mWb and a speed of 900rpm. [8 marks] EXAMINERS: PROF. Samuel Wara/Engr. Ayamolowo JosephAADO-ERTT 1 (ABUAD) ! Covisce OF oncenne ~°* “™ITTER ENGINEERING. Figure Q4d @ Determine the Torque developed for i= Gi) "Plot the graph of Torque against angular Git) Comment on the plot in Q4d (ii) above 8A andi, = 0.054 displacement() for 0 = ,45,90,135,180 [8 marks} QUESTION FIVE (@) The parameters of a 1500/15V ,50 Hz transformer are given below: Ri-0.2860 R.=0.320 Ro=21000 Xi=0.532 20.250, Xo=12000 ‘The secondary load impedance is given as Z1=0,30740.26. Solve using the exact equivalent circuit with normal voltage as referred to the primary for: (0) ih di)! Gil) Io (iv) _ Input Power factor (vy) Primary copper loss. (vi) Secondary Copper loss (vii) Voltage across the load [14 marks] With i for the following using ¢ to the parameters of the transformer given in Q5(b), Solve fi ng P the Peete para circuit with the transformer being referred to the primary side; Wi) i Gi) Input Power factor (iii) Primary copper loss (iv) Secondary Copper loss [5 marks] (v) Voltage across the load 1 mark] ) Comment on your results obtained from (a) and (b) above, {1 mark]—— ~ | 8A — QUESTION TWO (@) (i). Mention four essential parts of DC generator and states their functions. (2 Marks) ii)Mention and explain the five causes for the failure of the generator to build up. (@ Marks) (b) Explain voltage buildup of a shunt generator (5 Marks) (©) The magnetization curve of a de shunt generator at 1500 rpm is given as oe Oe oa 12| 16 2 | ee 3 6 60 r20| 1725] 202.5] _221|__231|__237|__240 For this generator determine the following; (No load emf for a total shunt field resistance ii) ‘The critical field resistance at 1500 rpm (iii) ‘The magnetization curve at 1200 rpm for the open circuit voltage of a field resistance 1000. (10 Marks) SECTION B QUESTION THREE (a) Mention two effects of armature magnetic field and state the consequences of these effects. (4 Marks) (b) Explain the term armature reaction of a de generator. (6 Marks) (c) A22.38 kW, 440, 4-pole wave-wound de shunt motor has 840 armature conductors and 140 commutator segments. Its full-load efficiency is 88% and the shunt field current is 1.8 A. if the brushes are shifted backward through 1.5 segments from the geometrical neutral axis, determine the demagnetizing and distorting amp-turns/pole.(10 Marks) QUESTION FOUR (a) Differentiate between a single-phase transformer and a three-phase transformer. (6 Marks) (b) Define the All-Day efficiency of a transformer. (4 Marks) (c) An 800kVA distribution transformer supplying ABUAD farm has full load iron loss of 6,5kW and copper loss of 4.5kW. On 24th November,2020, its load cycle for 24 hours is as shown in Table Q4c. Determine its all-day efficiency? (10 Marks) Table Q4c No of hours Loading in kW Power factor 6 420 08 10 350 0.75 q 180) 08 4 0a COLLEGE OF ENGINE! Degree Te ARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING uiSe Tithe: 23 |EAy Mee Churda the? ERE 325 No of Units; 3 ah cee Semester: Fj Level: Course title: Electrical Machines 1 Session: 2020/2921 ‘turer: Engr. Prof. Samuel Wara/ Dr. 8. L. Ghad Engr.0.J Ayamolowo Date: 240221 Times x. S.L. Gbadamosi/Engr.0.4 Ayamolo nstruction: Answer All Quest H m ns in Section A and Any Three (3) in Section B: A Total of 've (5) Questions in all, Note: Similarities ‘Answers Will Attract Negative Marking. SECTION A (40 Marks) QUESTION ONE (2) (@) What is electromechanical energy conversion? (Q Marks) ii) State two applications of elect example in each case. (4 Marks) ©) Using suitable line diagram of the Nigeria Power Network (from Generating to distribution) identify the various types of transformers involved, (4 Marks) (©) The relay shown in Fig. Qle is made of infinitely-permeable magnetic material with a movable plunger, made also of infinitely permeable material, The height of the plunger 's much greater than the air-gap length (h>>g), (@ Calculate the magnetic stored energy Wfld for x-0.08m given that; N=1200 turns, g =3 mm, d=0.3m, I=0.2m, and i=11A. (ii) Find also the force on the plunger for the same displacement x when the current is INCREASED to (10 Marks)AFE i eget RyQUESTION FIy (o) Explain the following methods of improving commut (Resistance commutation Gi) Application of interpotes { (iif) Compensating windings AD (6 Marks) (©) Using the voltage equation ofa motor, Proof that the gross mechanical power developed by a motor is maximum when the back exm.Fis equal to half the applied voltage (6 Marks) (© A “pole, 240 V, wave connected shunt motor gives 1119 kW when running at 1000 {pm and drawing armature and field currents of 50 A and 1.0 A respectively. It has $40 conductors, Its resistance is 0.1 ohm. Assuming a drop of 1 volt per brush, find: F Total torque Useful torque ar \ Usefull flux/pole e Rotational losses and Efficiency. (8 Marks) / QUESTION six ; / a (a) Using a suitable line diagram show how the following ¢onfigurations can be achieved Le for three-phase trAnsformer; in— F v i) Delta-Deffa | b Delta-W: st L : ts i) Wye-De| LL (iv) Wye —Wye (8 Marks) (b) From Q6a which of these configurations is preferred for Power distribution system. (@ Marks) (©) A S-KVA, 2300/230V, 50 Hz transformer was tested for the iron losses with normal excitation and Cu losses at full-load and these were found to be 40W and 112W. respectively. () Calculate the efficiencies of the transformer at 0.8 power factor for the following kVA Outputs: (ii) Sketch the efficiency Vs kVA Output curve, (10 Marks) Power 1.25 25 3.75 5.0 625 75 | Output(kVA) QUESTION SEVEN w (a) i. What do you understand by the term “build-up ofa generator”? (2 Marl ii, Highlight four indications and causes of an overloaded generator. (4 Marks (b) Discuss two classes of de generator based on their mode of excitation. (4 Marks) (c) The parameters of a 150/1500V ,50 Hz transformer is given below: Ri=0.286Q — Ro=320. Ro=210Q, Bi 'sog) aoand 0.04 . 1 spectively, Ifthe H.V wi i ding short circuited, Find: :QUESTION SIX 8) Given that te INN ga DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING “PRICAL MACHINE F PE 325: 3 UNITS |, FEB 2017. TIME: 3 HOURS DATE: INSTRUCTION: ANSWER QU ION ONE AND ANY OTHER THREE QUESTION ONE. eneraor at 1500 zpm is: (15 Marks) (a) The magnetization curve of DC S004 6 fora total shunt eld resistance of 100 a, sce at 1500 rpm and ce yp pm and tseretrom the open CS voltage for ( Theno load em. (ii) The erica field resistan Giiy The magnetization curve field resistance of 100 2 () State the causes for failure ‘of voltage build up i amt csponding possible solutions, (1) Marks) mae between ascrics and 8 SHUE! SST ng shunt lp-wound genersor supplies sr yy 0,03 ©, series field resins” sk drop may be tcen as LOY: Dee ifahe speed is 1200 1pm an ition. (10 Marks) na shunt generator and give Mit DC generator. (5 Marks) » Sy ata teminal vole oF 0 v. SAP od ohm and shunt Bld vine the generated emt id flux per pole is 0.02 rely excited (©) Different (@) A 4pole, 10 Calculate weber. Neglect ‘a DC motor and their functions (4 Marks) vr a DC generator. (6 Marks) current is 30 A, Caleulate ie (@ Stat (6) Explain the term 87 (6) A230 DC series '30 rpm when the ar speed if the torque he ajeanee 1302 2 (8 MATES) QUESTION THREE (a) Mention four conditions for an ideal ; (b) Using EMF eavote® ofa transformer, (7 Masks) pole, 50 KW, 250 V syave-wound shunt genera has 400 armature conductors (oA Apole, 50 A lend of 4 communis segments. Cafelate tHe ‘demagnetization Brushes are Biv"© Given that INN? [Be LENGQHONS) DEGREE EXAMINATION ‘THTLE OF EXAMINATI COLLEGE: ENGINEERING eas are are en ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEENS 7 pais SESSION: 2018/2019 SUMESTER: FInST COURSE CODE: EEE 325 Cert UNIT: 3 OURS TITLE: ELECTRICAL MACHINE L DATE: 6/12/2018 INSTRUCTION: ANY FIVE (5) QUESTION TIME: 3HOURS__ QUESTION ONE ait (a) Using a suitable diagram differentiate between Progressive and Retrogressive Lap wint 1s 2 marks} [4marks] berween Lap and Wave Winding 4 poles,32 slots with one e: din the form of ip winding, Obiain the following. (b) Differentiate ‘ADC machine having ‘onductor per slot is to be woun simplex progressive la The resulting winding table showing the position of the © pole, commutator {ii) Draw a well- developed winding diagram, segment and brushes. {14 marks} QUESTION TWO (a) Draw the cross-sectional view ofa 4-pole DC Machine [5 marks] {&) Describe explicitly any five (5) parts ofthe ‘DC machine and state its functions. [5 marks} [3 marks] (© Explain the working principle of a DC Moor (@)__ ADC series motor is operated at ful Toad from a 230V supply at a speed of 700zpm™- ‘The back emfis found to be 202V at a line current of 304; determine the following f the series field resistance is 0.202 () The armature resistance if (ii) Find the no-load speed given thatthe no-load current is 1A [7 marks} QUESTION THREE [2 marks] (@) Define the All-Day efficiency of 8 transformer (b) An 800KVA distribution transformer supplying copper loss of 4.SkW. During a day, given that isl Q3b, Determine its all-day efficiency ABUAD farm has full load iron loss of 6.5kW. rad cycle for 24 hours is shown on Table Table Q3b- [No of hours Loading in kW_ Power factor 6 420. 08 10 350. 0.15 a 180. 08 4 0 5 18 marks}4 8 (A 25 kw, 500 and 0.03 q, load (9) Define the term, VDC serie Benerator has an Fespectively, ¢ Mature and series field alculate the gene Fesistance of 0.05 rated emf and the armature current at full (5 marks] Armature Reaction’ in DC Machines, ( marks} ©) With the help of neat 8ketches different and short shunt com, Mate between long shunt compound ‘Pound generator © Femains constant, SP Ped is reduced to hire resistance is ME A Voltage drop ay V per brus (Obtain the eq 0.02 Q. Field current lation for the maxim, is unaltered, th. Ignore the effect of armature rea ction [6 marks] lum mechanicala} Yo 2. a (@) List two important asons why commutator is employed in DC machines? [3 marks] (©) Draw interconnection of field ) z coils in a 4-pole DC machine to form a complete field winding, Indicate the direction of the DC excitation current in each coil and give Teason(s) for this. (5 marks} (Why is the armature core in DC machines constructed with laminated steel sheets instead of solid steel? [2 marks] (a) Name the two methods of improving commutation, [3 marks} \ts and 256 If the flux per pole is 0.05 Wb, of 1000 rpm, [7 marks] [4 marks] (b)With the help of neat sketches bring out the distinction between the two different types of windings used for DC machine armature. (e) Determine the back and front pitches for a ‘6-pole wave winding with 64 slot commutator segments wound with single turn coils, determine the induced emf in the winding for a speed (a)What are Electrical Machines? (7 marks} (©) Why is the emf not zero when the field current is reduced to zero in a DC generator? [2 marks} (@)What are the causes of sparking at the brushes of DC machines? [2 marks} (e)A 240 V DC shunt motor takes a total current of 20 A. The resistance shunt field circuit is 200 © respectively. Find the armature current, (5 marks} (a)What are the conditions to be fulfilled for the self-excitation of a DC shunt generator [5 marks] ()With the help of neat sketches explain the process of commutation of a particular coil ina DC machine. le mee (©Define critical field resistance in DC shunt generator. marks (@)Why are the main poles in DC Machines constructed with laminated steel sheets [2 marks] instead of solid steels? maxi| 8 PERM nauan) DEPAPRIMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING FACULTY OF ENGINEERING COURSE CODE: EEE 325, CoURSE-TITLE: ELECTRICAL MACHINES 1 FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2014/0015 ACADEMIC SESSION Answer question 1 and any other three ‘Time: 3hrs '-@ Describe the build-up of volage ofa shunt generator at no-load (©) List four conditions necessary for build-up ofa selfexced generator (©) Diseuss the effet of reversed armature ration of de generation (© What will you do ita runing dc generator doesnot give out light? (0) The open cieuit characteristic ofa de shunt generator at 1500¢pm is [Ec oa rom Ree le 6 | 60.0 ee 202.5 | 221.0 | 231.0 | 237.0 | 240.0 “The field resistance is adjusted to 1200 and the speed is 1500 rpm. Determine the following hically the no-load voltage ii, Critical field resistance fii, Critical speed for the given field resistance tv. Additional resistance inserted inthe field circuit to reduce the no-load voltage to 150V. v. The OCC curve at1200rpm and therefrom the open circuit voltage fora field resistance of 100 (40marks) 2 (a) Explain briefly armature reaction in a d.e machine, (b) State the two major principal effects of the distortion of main field under load due to r0ss- magnetization and state three remedies for field. distortion, it luctors and it delivers ‘A 4-pole generator has a wave wound armature with 722 conductors and mn on fll Joad. If the brush lead is 8°. Calculate the armature Geert a Ima cross- magnetizing ampere-turs per pole.