Algebra

1.1 Using Letters As Numbers

Exercise (1)
(1)

add to 5 =

(2)

Half of =
(3)

Thrice of =

(4)

take away from 5 =

(5)

divided by 3 =
(6)

Take away from 3 =

(7)

A quarter of =
(8)
Exercise Exercise

Substract from 2 =
(9)

The product of and 4 =

(10)

Total of red ball and green ball is balls.

 Exercise (2)

(1) 5 more than x = -----------------------

(2) 3 less than y = -----------------------

(3) Thrice of z = -----------------------

(4) Half of a = -----------------------

(5) b divide by 6 = -----------------------

(6) The product of 2 and e = -----------------------

(7) Subtract 7 from d = -----------------------

(8) 4 more than twice of g = -----------------------

(9) Add a to 8 = -----------------------

(10) Substract 6 from b = -----------------------

(11) The product of 7 and c = -----------------------

(12) Divide d by 4 = -----------------------

(13) The quotient when 5 is divided by e = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(14) Take away f from 9 = -----------------------

(15) Thrice of g = -----------------------

(16) A quarter of h = -----------------------

(17) Half of j = -----------------------

(18) 2 more than twice of k = -----------------------

(19) Half of 18 = -----------------------

(20) Four multiples of x = -----------------------

(21) 5 different of g = -----------------------

(22) 7 more than k = -----------------------

(23) The sum of P and 8 = -----------------------

(24) Different of q and 7 = -----------------------

(25) 8 less than twice of m = -----------------------

 Exercise (3)

(1). (a)Write an expression in terms of y for each of the following.

(b)Find the value when y=18.

 The sum of y and 3.

(a) (b)

 The different between y and 20.

(a) (b)

 The product of y and 7.

(a) (b)

 Divide y by 6.

(a) (b)

 Thrice of the substract of y and 9.

(a) (b)
(2). (a)Write an expression in terms of p for each of the following.

(b)Find the value when p = 20.

 The sum of 20 and p.

(a) (b)

 The difference between p and 18.

(a) (b)

 The product of 30 and p.

(a) (b)

 Divide 4 by p.

(a) (b)

 Add 3 to the product of 5 and p.

(a) (b)
(3). (a)Write an expression in terms of k for each of the following.

(b)Find the value when k = 32.

 Divide k by 4.

(a) (b)

 Half of the sum of k and 8.

(a) (b)

 Multiple of 3 and k.

(a) (b)

 A quarter of the substract of k and 12.

(a) (b)

 Product of 5 and twice k.

(a) (b)
 Exercise (4)
Write an expression for the following.

1. Pawl has p packets of sweets. There are 10 sweets in each packet.

How many sweets does Paul have?

2. Collin has $ f . He spends $ 4 on lunch. How much does he have left?

3. Peter has p marbles. John has 15 marbles more than Peter. How
many marbles does John have?
4. Jack has 4 times as many stickers as Ivan. Ivan has b stickers. How
many stickers does Jack have?

5. Mary baked m cookies. She baked three times as many cookies as

Rita. How many cookies did Rita bake?

6. Hilda is h years old now. How old will she be in 6 years’ time?

7. There are p slices of cake in 6 boxes. How many slices of cake are
there in each box?
8. 20 marbles are shared among k children . How many marbles does
each child get?

9. Joan saves $ x a day. How much does she save in 2 weeks?

10. Jack bought a camera for $ 3p . He paid $ 100 to the cashier. How
much change did he receive?
 Exercise (5)
Find the following variables value.

1) +3 when a=6.

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2) 5b + 2 when b=8.

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3) 20 – 2d + 2 when d = 4.

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4) 3c – 9 when c = 5.

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5) 7 + 3k – 4 when k = 2.

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6) when g = 3.

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7) + 3 when q = 7.

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8) 10+ when r = 3.

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9) + 14 when s = 4.

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10) 2t + 4 when t = 6.

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11) + 4 when e = 7.

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12) 5p + 3 – 12 when p = 4.

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13) when m = 12.

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14) + 1 when n = 3.

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15) when l = 2.

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1.2 Simplifying Algebraic Expressions
Exercise

Simplify these expressions.

(1) a + a + a (2) b + 2b + 3b

(3) 9c - 2c + 3c (4) 5d + 4 – 3d -3

(5)10 – 3e + 6 + 5e (6) a + a + 3a

(7) 2b – b + 3b (8) 4c + 3 – 2c + 8

(9) d + 7 + 8d – 5 - 2d (10) l -12 – 4l +9

(11) 5e – e - 4 –e + 7 (12) 8 – 3f + 7f – 7 -2f

(13) 10g – 8 - 5g +15 (14) 11h – 6h -9 + 3h + 9

(15) 14 – 4j + 2j + 9 +7j (16) 8 – 4k + 2k + 9 +2k

(17) 20 – 2d + 2 +5d (18) 5p + 3 – 12 -7p

(19) 7 + 3k – 4 – 8k (20) 2t – 11t + 4 + 5

1.3 Word Problems
Exercise (7)

Solve these word problems. Show your working clearly.

(1). Mark is p years old. James is twice as old as Mark. Keithis 3

years younger than James.
(a) Find James’ age in terms of p.
(b) Find Keith’s age in terms of p.
(c) If p = 4, how old is Keith?
 (2). Ivan bought a pen for $b and a book that cost three times as
much as the pen . He gave the cashier $100.
(a) Find the amount of money that Ivan spent in terms of b.
(b) Find the amount of change Ivan received in terms of b.
(c) If b=8, how much was the change that Ivan received?

(3). Mrs Ng baked some biscuits. She packed 12 biscuits into each bag.
There were n bags of biscuits altogether. The biscuits were then shared
equally among 4 boys.
(a) How many biscuits did each boy get? Give your answer in terms
of n.
(b) If there were 5 bags of biscuits, how many biscuits did each boy
get?
(4). Julie had x number of beads. She gave 25 beads to her sister and used
an equal number of the remaining beads to make each of 3 necklaces.
(a) How many beads did she use to make each necklace? Give your
answer in terms of x.
(b) If Julie had 100 beads, how many beads were used to make each
necklace?

(5). Isaac has 3c marbles. Joshua has thrice as many marbles as Isaac.
Basil has 9 fewer marbles than Joshua.
(a) How many marbles do they have altogether? Give your answer in
terms of c.
(b) If c = 8, find the number of marbles they have altogether.
(6). 3 pens cost $6m and a marker cost $4. Grace bought 9 pens and
6 markers.
(a) How much did Grace pay altogether in terms of m?
(b) If m= 4, how much did she pay altogether?

(7). Aaron scored y marks in his English test. He scored 8 marks more than
Ben but 12 marks fewer than Collin.
(a) What was the total scored by the three boys in terms of y?
(b) If Aaron scored 80 marks, what was the total scored by the three
boys?
(8). The length of a rectangle is 12 cm and its perimeter is (2p + 30) cm.
(a) What is the breadth of the rectangle in terms of p?
(b) If p = 10, what is the breadth of the rectangle?

(9). Oscar is x years old now. His brother is three times as old as he..
(a) What will their total age be in 5 years' time? Give your answer in
terms of x?
(b) If Oscar is 12 years old now, what will their total age be in
5 years' time?
(10). Max walked a distance of r km. Ken walked 6 km less than Max. Joe
walked half the distance walked by Ken.
(a) What was the distance walked by joe in terms of r?
(b) If r=10km , what was the distance walked by Joe?
 Assignment (1)
1. Write an expression for each of the following.

(a) Peter is years old. His brother is twice as old as he.How old was
his brother 5 years ago?

(b) Jack bought a camera for $ 3p. He paid $100 to the cashier. How
much change did he receive?

2. Simplify each of the following.

(a) 4x – 10 + x + 6 (b) 10 – 5y + 6y + 8

3. Find the value of each of the following given that w=6.

(a) 20 – 3w
(b)
4. Mr Toh has p boxes of apples. There are 25 apples in each box.
If he sells 30 apples, how many apples does he have left?

5. Charmaine bought 6 books at $2g each and had $3g left. How many
books could she buy with the same amount of money if each book cost $5?

6. 3 apples cost $w. 2 oranges cost $1.50. Find the cost of 12 apples and 8
oranges.
7. Rose has $15y. Anne has as much money as Rose. If Anne spends $20,
how much does she have left?

8. Casco Publications Pte Lid 15The length of a rectangle is thrice its

breadth. Its breadth is f cm.
(a) Express the perimeter of the rectangle in terms of f.
(b) Given that f= 5 cm, find the area of the rectangle.

9. Mary is g years old. Her mother is four times as old as her but 3 years
younger than her father. How old will Mary's father be in 2 years' time?
10. Amy, Betty and Christy paid a total of $y for a present. Amy paid
twice as much as Betty and Christy paid $4 more than Betty.
(a) How much did Betty pay for the present?
(b) If y = $60, how much did Amy pay for the present?

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