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1.3features of Java

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1.3features of Java

Uploaded by

mrnirajbro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Features of Java

The primary objective of Java programming language creation was to make it


portable, simple and secure programming language. Apart from this, there are
also some excellent features which play an important role in the popularity of
this language. The features of Java are also known as Java buzzwords.

A list of the most important features of the Java language is given below.

1. Simple
2. Object-Oriented
3. Portable
4. Platform independent
5. Secured
6. Robust
7. Architecture neutral
8. Interpreted
9. High Performance
10. Multithreaded
11. Distributed
12. Dynamic

Simple

Java is very easy to learn, and its syntax is simple, clean and easy to understand.
According to Sun Microsystem, Java language is a simple programming
language because:

o Java syntax is based on C++ (so easier for programmers to learn it after
C++).
o Java has removed many complicated and rarely-used features, for
example, explicit pointers, operator overloading, etc.
o There is no need to remove unreferenced objects because there is an
Automatic Garbage Collection in Java.

Object-oriented

Java is an object-oriented programming language. Everything in Java is an


object. Object-oriented means we organize our software as a combination of
different types of objects that incorporate both data and behavior.

Object-oriented programming (OOPs) is a methodology that simplifies software


development and maintenance by providing some rules.

Basic concepts of OOPs are:

1. Object
2. Class
3. Inheritance
4. Polymorphism
5. Abstraction
6. Encapsulation

Platform Independent

Java is platform independent because it is different from other languages


like C, C++, etc. which are compiled into platform specific machines while Java
is a write once, run anywhere language. A platform is the hardware or software
environment in which a program runs.

There are two types of platforms software-based and hardware-based. Java


provides a software-based platform.

The Java platform differs from most other platforms in the sense that it is a
software-based platform that runs on top of other hardware-based platforms. It
has two components:

1. Runtime Environment
2. API(Application Programming Interface)

Java code can be executed on multiple platforms, for example, Windows, Linux,
Sun Solaris, Mac/OS, etc. Java code is compiled by the compiler and converted
into bytecode. This bytecode is a platform-independent code because it can be
run on multiple platforms, i.e., Write Once and Run Anywhere (WORA).

Secured

Java is best known for its security. With Java, we can develop virus-free
systems. Java is secured because:

o No explicit pointer
o Java Programs run inside a virtual machine sandbox

o Classloader: Classloader in Java is a part of the Java Runtime


Environment (JRE) which is used to load Java classes into the Java
Virtual Machine dynamically. It adds security by separating the package
for the classes of the local file system from those that are imported from
network sources.
o Bytecode Verifier: It checks the code fragments for illegal code that can
violate access rights to objects.
o Security Manager: It determines what resources a class can access such
as reading and writing to the local disk.
Java language provides these securities by default. Some security can also be
provided by an application developer explicitly through SSL, JAAS,
Cryptography, etc.

Robust

The English mining of Robust is strong. Java is robust because:

o It uses strong memory management.


o There is a lack of pointers that avoids security problems.
o Java provides automatic garbage collection which runs on the Java
Virtual Machine to get rid of objects which are not being used by a Java
application anymore.
o There are exception handling and the type checking mechanism in Java.
All these points make Java robust.

Architecture-neutral

Java is architecture neutral because there are no implementation dependent


features, for example, the size of primitive types is fixed.

In C programming, int data type occupies 2 bytes of memory for 32-bit


architecture and 4 bytes of memory for 64-bit architecture. However, it occupies
4 bytes of memory for both 32 and 64-bit architectures in Java.

Portable

Java is portable because it facilitates you to carry the Java bytecode to any
platform. It doesn't require any implementation.
High-performance

Java is faster than other traditional interpreted programming languages because


Java bytecode is "close" to native code. It is still a little bit slower than a
compiled language (e.g., C++). Java is an interpreted language that is why it is
slower than compiled languages, e.g., C, C++, etc.

Distributed

Java is distributed because it facilitates users to create distributed applications


in Java. RMI and EJB are used for creating distributed applications. This
feature of Java makes us able to access files by calling the methods from any
machine on the internet.

Multi-threaded

A thread is like a separate program, executing concurrently. We can write Java


programs that deal with many tasks at once by defining multiple threads. The
main advantage of multi-threading is that it doesn't occupy memory for each
thread. It shares a common memory area. Threads are important for multi-
media, Web applications, etc.

Dynamic

Java is a dynamic language. It supports the dynamic loading of classes. It means


classes are loaded on demand. It also supports functions from its native
languages, i.e., C and C++.

Java supports dynamic compilation and automatic memory management


(garbage collection).

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