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1.5 Java OOPs Concepts

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35 views4 pages

1.5 Java OOPs Concepts

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mrnirajbro
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Java OOPs Concepts

Object-Oriented Programming is a paradigm that provides many concepts, such


as inheritance, data binding, polymorphism, etc.

Simula, Smalltalk is considered the first object-oriented programming language.


The programming paradigm where everything is represented as an object is
known as a truly object-oriented programming language.

The popular object-oriented languages are Java, C#, PHP, Python, C++, etc.

OOPs (Object-Oriented Programming System)


Object means a real-world entity such as a pen, chair, table, computer, watch,
etc. Object-Oriented Programming is a methodology or paradigm to design a
program using classes and objects. It simplifies software development and
maintenance by providing some concepts:

o Object
o Class
o Inheritance
o Polymorphism
o Abstraction
o Encapsulation
Object
Any entity that has state and behavior is known as an object. For example, a
chair, pen, table, keyboard, bike, etc. It can be physical or logical.

An Object can be defined as an instance of a class. An object contains an address


and takes up some space in memory. Objects can communicate without knowing
the details of each other's data or code. The only necessary thing is the type of
message accepted and the type of response returned by the objects.

Example: A dog is an object because it has states like color, name, breed, etc. as
well as behaviors like wagging the tail, barking, eating, etc.

Class
Collection of objects is called class. It is a logical entity.
A class can also be defined as a blueprint from which you can create an
individual object. Class doesn't consume any space.

Inheritance
When one object acquires all the properties and behaviors of a parent object, it
is known as inheritance. It provides code reusability. It is used to achieve
runtime polymorphism.

Polymorphism
If one task is performed in different ways, it is known as polymorphism. For
example: to convince the customer differently, to draw something, for example,
shape, triangle, rectangle, etc.

In Java, we use method overloading and method overriding to achieve


polymorphism.

Abstraction
Hiding internal details and showing functionality is known as abstraction. For
example phone call, we don't know the internal processing.

In Java, we use abstract class and interface to achieve abstraction.

Encapsulation
Binding (or wrapping) code and data together into a single unit are known as
encapsulation. For example, a capsule, it is wrapped with different medicines.

A java class is the example of encapsulation. Java bean is the fully encapsulated
class because all the data members are private here

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