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Lecture 6 - UAV Wireless Communication

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Dheyaa Al-Jubouri
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40 views14 pages

Lecture 6 - UAV Wireless Communication

Uploaded by

Dheyaa Al-Jubouri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 6 : UAV wireless

Communication
Prepared by
Ass. Prof. Dr. Ali H. Wheeb
[email protected]

11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 1


UAV with varying size

Mini UAV Mcro UAV

11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 2


UAV with varying size

11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 3


UAV and MUAV Data Links
• In this lecture, a short overview of typical communication technologies
used in commercial small UAV systems, or micro UAV systems (MUAV), will
be given.
• Typically the communication needs are twofold. First and foremost, one
should be able to control and monitor the operating of the UAV.

11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 4


UAV payload
• To be able to perform a useful
function, the UAV should be
outfitted with one or more
payloads.

• These payloads often need to be


able to deliver data to other UAVs
or a ground control station. Below
we discuss various existing
technologies that could be used
for this

11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 5


UAV Wireless Communication

• The wireless link used for controlling and


monitoring the UAV is typically designed
to have a long range and high reliability.

• Bandwidth requirements are typically


low. If the trajectory of the UAV is
controlled by the pilot, the latency
should also be as low as possible.

11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 6


UAV Wireless Communication
• For high bandwidth UAV to UAV communications, needed for typical
UAV applications that rely on videos, for, for example, surveillance,
the following systems are often used

• 1- IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi)

• 2- Cellular 3G/4G/5G (Mobile Network)

• 3- Analog Systems (OLD System)

11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 7


IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi)
• This standard is most commonly known
for wireless networks in the home and
enterprise.

• Popular versions of the standard such as


IEEE 802.11a/n operate using an OFDM
physical layer in the 2.4 and 5GHz range.

• The latest version of the standard (IEEE


802.11ac) allows up to 160MHz channel
width on the 5GHz band.

11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 8


IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi)
• A major benefit of this is that due to its wide application in consumer
products, chips and wireless modems are available at very low cost.

• Another significant advantage from an integration point-of-view is that


it emulates an ethernet cable.

• Indeed, standard networking applications can often be reused on the


UAV without many changes.

11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 9


Cellular 3G/4G/5G
• The main advantage of using cellular
systems for UAV payload communication is
that the entire network side is already
provided by the mobile operator.

• This has the advantage that the system is


easy to use.

• Simply turn it on and an Internet connection


is available, assuming that coverage is also
sufficient in the air

11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 10


Cellular 3G/4G/5G
• This advantage is also a disadvantage – the
user has no control over the network.

• There may not be coverage in the right


areas, or the quality of service may be too
low.

• Beyond possible coverage issues, depending


on the way the operator has configured the
network, there can also be connectivity
issues related to Network Address
Translation and firewalls .
11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 11
Analog Systems
• This section is mostly applicable to the transmission of video signals.
Many UAVs in the hobby and light commercial category actually
transmit the camera images as a simple analog signal.

• The systems are based on legacy PAL or NTSC video signals. This signal
is then FM modulated on an RF carrier and transmitted.

• here is no real standard and the signal bandwidth and video


equalization parameters are manufacturer dependent. A bandwidth
of 20MHz is, however, typical.

11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 12


Analog Systems
• Analog transmission has many disadvantages: poor image quality, low
resolution, no possibility for secure encryption, susceptibility to noise,
and very bad spectral efficiency.

• The first advantage is that since the pixel stream from the image
sensor more or less directly modulates the RF signal, the latency is
extremely low (less than 15ms is achievable).

• Another advantage is the graceful degradation. When the distance


increases more and more noise appears on the image, telling the user
that the radio system is getting near its limit
11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 13
11/12/2024 Ass. Prof. Ali H. Wheeb 14

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