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Lecture5 2

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Dheyaa Al-Jubouri
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100 views12 pages

Lecture5 2

Uploaded by

Dheyaa Al-Jubouri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXAMPLES

Example(2-1)
Air enters a converging duct with varying flow area at T1=400 K, P1=100 kPa, and
M1=0.3.Assuming steady isentropic flow, determine T2, P2, and M2 at a location where the flow
area has been reduced by 20 percent.

Solution

Example(2-2)
Air enters a converging–diverging nozzle, shown in the Figure, at 1.0 MPa and 800 K with a
negligible velocity. For an exit Mach number of M2=2 and a throat area of 20 cm, determine (a)
the throat conditions, (b) the exit plane conditions, including the exit area, and (c) the mass flow
rate through the nozzle.

Solution

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Example(2-3)

Example(2-4)

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Example(2-5)

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Example(2-6)

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Example(2-7)

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Example(2-8)

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Exercises
Q1) Air flows at the rate of 1kg/s through a convergent-divergent nozzle. The entrance area is
2×10-3m2and the inlet temperature and pressure are 438K and 589kPa .If the exit pressure is
140kPa and the expansion is isentropic, find:

1. The velocity at the entrance.


2. The stagnation temperature and stagnation pressure.
3. The throat and exit area.
4. The exit velocity.

(Ans.108.37m/s , 443.8K , 607.48kPa , 8.57×10-4 , 10.82cm2 , 553m/s)

Q2) A convergent nozzle has an exit area of 6.5× 10-4m2.Air enters the nozzle at Po 680kPa, To =
370K.If the flow is isentropic, find the mass flow rate of flow for back pressure of 359kPa,
540kPa and 200kPa.

(Ans.9.3kg/s , 0.764kg/s , 0.93kg/s)

Q3) Air flows isentropically through a convergent-divergent passage with inlet area 5.2cm2
,minimum area 3.2cm2 and exit area 3.87cm2 .At the inlet the air velocity is 100m/s, pressure is
680kPa and the temperature 345K.Find,

1. The mass rate of flow through the nozzle.


2. The Mach number at the minimum area section.
3. The velocity and the pressure at the exit section.

(Ans.0.357kg/s , 0.478 , 139.06m/s)

Q4) Air is flowing in a converging nozzle. At a particular location within the nozzle the pressure
is 280kPa, the stream temperature is 345K and the velocity is 150m/s. If the cross-sectional area
at this location is 9.29×10-3m2.Find,

1. The Mach number at this location.


2. The stagnation temperature and pressure.
3. The area ,pressure and temperature at the exit where M=1
4. The mass rate of flow for the nozzle.

(Ans.0.4 , 356K , 312.6kPa , 5.84×10-3m2 , 165.14kPa , 296.7K , 3.94kg/s)

Q5) Air flows isentropically at the rate of 0.5 kg/s through a supersonic converging-diverging
nozzle. At the inlet ,the pressure is 680kPa,the temperature is 295K and the area is 6.5 cm2.If the
exit area is 13cm2,find,

1. The stagnation pressure and temperature.

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2. The exit Mach number.
3. The exit pressure and temperature.
4. The area and the velocity at the throat.
5. What will be the maximum rate of flow and the corresponding exit Mach number if the
flow is completely subsonic in the nozzle?(Ans.717.5kPa , 299.56K , 3.031 , 18.65kPa ,
105.576K , 2.98cm2 , 316.68m/s , 0.5kg/s ,0.132 )

Q6) Air at stagnation conditions of 2MPa and 750K flows isentropically through a converging-
diverging nozzle .If the maximum flow rate is 5.4 kg/s. Find,

1. The throat area in m2


2. The velocity, pressure and temperature at the nozzle exit if the exit area is 3 times as
large as the throat.

(Ans. 18.29cm2 , 109.35m/s , 1.945MPa , 744K , 0.09466MPa , 313.71K , 936.22m/s )

Q7) Air flows reversibly and adiabatically in a nozzle. At section 1 of the nozzle, the velocity ,
pressure, temperature and area are 165m/s , 350kPa, 480K and 13×10-4m2.At section 2 of the
nozzle ,the area is 26×10-4m2 .Find,

1. The mass flow rate in the nozzle.


2. The pressure, temperature, Mach number and specific volume at section 2.

(Ans.0.545kg/s , 377kPa , 491K , 0.175 , 0.3717m3/kg , 15.4kPa , 197K , 2.75 , 3.663m3/kg )

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