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Unit 5 Important Questions Answers

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159 views17 pages

Unit 5 Important Questions Answers

Uploaded by

gamingsuresh65
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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5 UNIT

1.What are the advantage of centrifugal compressors.

5.Define degree of reaction?

6.Define stage of a compressor.

A compressor stage is defined as one impeller, the stationary inlet and discharge passages
known as the inlet guide vanes and the diffuser respectively and the seals, namely the eye
labyrinth seal and the shaft labyrinth seal.
7. A centrifugal compressor under test gave the following data: Speed: 11,500 rev/min,
Inlet total head temperature: 20°C, Outlet and inlet total head pressure: 4 bar, 1 bar,
Impeller dia: 75 cm, If the slip factor is 0.92, what is the compressor efficiency?
8.In a single-stage impulse turbine the nozzle discharges the fluid on to the blades at
an angle of 65° to the axial direction and the fluid leaves the blades with an absolute
velocity of 300 m/s at an angle of 30° to the axial direction. If the blades have equal
inlet and outlet angles and there is no axial thrust, estimate the blade angle.
9.A centrifugal compressor has to deliver 35 kg of air per sec. The impeller is 76 cm
diameter revolving at 11,500 rpm with an adiabatic efficiency of 80%. If the pressure
ratio is 4.2:1, estimate the probable axial width of the impeller at the impeller tip if the
radial velocity is 120 m/s. The inlet conditions are 1 bar and 47°C.
10.A gas turbine having single stage rotates at 10000 rpm. At entry to the nozzles the
total head temperature and pressure of the gas is 700°C and 4.5 bar respectively and
at outlet from the nozzle the static pressure is 2.6 bar. At the turbine outlet annulus
the static pressure is 1.5 bar. Mach number at outlet is limited to 0.5 and gas leaves in
an axial direction. The outlet nozzle angle is 70 to the axial direction and the nozzle
friction loss may be assumed to be 3% of the isentropic temperature drop from total
head at entry to static conditions at outlet nozzle pressure. Calculate the gas angles at
entry
11.A centrifugal compressor has an inlet eye 15 cm diameter. The impeller revolves at
20,000 rpm and the inlet air has an axial velocity of 107 m/s, inlet stagnation

temperature 294 K. Determine (i) theoretical angle of the blade at this point and (ii)
Mach number of the flow at the tip of the eye.
12.A centrifugal compressor has a pressure ratio of 4:1 with an isentropic efficiency of
80% when running at 15000 rpm and inducing air at 293 K. Curved vanes at inlet give
the air a Prewhirl of 25 to the axial direction at all radii and the mean dia of eye is 250
mm. The absolute air velocity at inlet is 150 m/s. Impeller tip dia is 600 mm. Calculate
the slip factor.
13.A centrifugal compressor takes in gas at 0°C and 0.7 bar and delivers at 1.05 bar.
The efficiency of the process compared with the adiabatic compression is 83%. The
specific heat of the gas at constant-pressure and constant-volume are 1.005 and 0.717
respectively. Calculate the final temperature of the gas and work done per kg of gas. If
the gas were further compressed by passing through a second compressor having the
same pressure ratio and efficiency and with no cooling between the two compressors,
what would be the overall efficiency of the complete process?
14.A multistage gas turbine with a isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 85%, and is to
operate with an inlet pressure and temperature of 6 bar and 900 K and an outlet
pressure of 1 bar. All the stages are to have a nozzle outlet angle of 750 and equal
outlet and inlet blade angles. Mean blade speed of 250 m/s and equal inlet and outlet
gas velocities. Assume Cp 1.15 kJ/kg K, y 1.333 and optimum blade speed ratio.
Estimate the maximum number of stages required.
15.A centrifugal compressor runs at 10,000 rpm and delivers 600 m³/min of free air at a
pressure ratio of 4:1. The isentropic efficiency of compressor is 82%. The outer radius
of impeller (which has radial blades) is twice the inner one and neglect the slip
coefficient. Assume that the ambient air conditions are 1 bar and 293 K. The axial
velocity of flow is 60 m/s and is constant throughout. Determine (1) power input to the
compressor, (ii) impeller diameters at inlet and outlet and width at inlet, and (iii)
impeller and diffuser blade angles at inlet.
16.In a single-stage impulse turbine the nozzle discharges the fluid on to the blades at
an angle of 65° to the axial direction and the fluid leaves the blades with an absolute
velocity of 300 m/s at an angle of 30° to the axial direction. If the blades have equal
inlet and outlet angles and there is no axial thrust, estimate the blade angle, power
produced. Per kg/s of the fluid and the blade efficiency.

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