FEL703001 Unit4 4A v1.0231122

ENGLISH 1
V1.0090922 1 phenikaa-uni.edu.vn
UNIT 4: CHALLENGES
OPENER
Look at the photo. Where is the man? Do you think this activity looks exciting or dangerous? Would
you like to do this?
The photo shows a man in a cave. He’s on a wire descending underground into the cave. It looks exciting and
is certainly dangerous.
OPENER
Listen to another caver talking about his hobby. Answer the questions
1. Why do colleagues at work think he is 'a bit crazy’?
2. Why do cavers work in teams?
3. How do you get to Rumbling Falls Cave?
UNIT 4A
CHALLENGES OF THE YEAR
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this unit, students will be able to:
Understand and use vocabulary

1 3 Use past simple tense
related to topic adventurers.
Read and answer the questions

2 about the topic: “adventurers of 4 Practice pronunciation /t/, /d/, /id/
the year”
OVERVIEW
4A.1 4A.4
Pronunciation
Warm-up
/d/,/t/or/id/
4A.2 4A.5
Reading
Wrap-up
Adventurers' stories
4A.3 4A.6
Grammar
Homework
Past simple
WARM-UP
Look at these sentences from Vic's description. Match the words in bold with the definitions (a-c).
1. Sometimes you have to take a risk when you a. do some thing which can be dangerous
go caving.
2. Every cave gives you a different challenge. b. success in something after a lot of hard work
and effort (e.g. passing an examination)
3. Rumbling Falls Cave was probably my biggest c. something very difficult to do

achievement as a caver.
4A.2. READING
Read the article. Are these sentences about Pasang, Marjan, or both of them? Write 1-6 in the diagram.
1. She was born in Nepal THE MOUNTAINEER
As a child, Pasang Lhamu Sherpa Akita lived with her younger
2. Her father helped her. sister in Lukla a town in northeastern Nepal. Her parents died when
3. She started when she was she was young. As a teenager she trained as a mountaineer. She
worked as a mountain guide and she climbed Mount Everest when
a teenager. she was only 22. In 2015, there was a terrible earthquake in Nepal
and many people didn't have homes or food, so Pasang helped
4. She trained for her job
them. Nowadays she also works to improve education in Nepal and
5. She competed in other countries. is famous for her voluntary work as well as her mountaineering.
THE CYCLIST
6. She changed other people’s lives
Marjan Sadequi was born in Afghanistan and grew up in the capital
city of Kabul. Her father was the national cycling coach for the
men's team and, from very early on in life, Marjan and an ambition
to become a cyclist. Her father gave Marjan her first bicycle when
she was a teenager, and he soon saw how much Marjan loved
cycling. As a result, he built a new women's cycling team with his
daughter and ten other women. It wasn't easy to practise around the
roads of Kabul but, in 2013, the team went to New Delhi and they
had their first international competition against other female cycling
3, 4, 6 2, 5 teams. They didn't win, but they entered more races in Pakistan,
Kazakhstan and South Korea and because of Marjan and her
team's achievements, more women are now cycling in Afghanistan.
4A.2. READING
Read the article again and answer the questions. THE MOUNTAINEER
As a child, Pasang Lhamu Sherpa Akita lived with her younger
1. What do you think was Pasang's biggest challenge? sister in Lukla a town in northeastern Nepal. Her parents died when
she was young. As a teenager she trained as a mountaineer. She
2. Why is she famous? worked as a mountain guide and she climbed Mount Everest when
she was only 22. In 2015, there was a terrible earthquake in Nepal
3. What was Marjan's ambition? and many people didn't have homes or food, so Pasang helped
4. What were her team's achievements? them. Nowadays she also works to improve education in Nepal and
is famous for her voluntary work as well as her mountaineering.
THE CYCLIST
Marjan Sadequi was born in Afghanistan and grew up in the capital
city of Kabul. Her father was the national cycling coach for the
men's team and, from very early on in life, Marjan and an ambition
to become a cyclist. Her father gave Marjan her first bicycle when
she was a teenager, and he soon saw how much Marjan loved
cycling. As a result, he built a new women's cycling team with his
daughter and ten other women. It wasn't easy to practise around the
roads of Kabul but, in 2013, the team went to New Delhi and they
had their first international competition against other female cycling
teams. They didn't win, but they entered more races in Pakistan,
Kazakhstan and South Korea and because of Marjan and her
team's achievements, more women are now cycling in Afghanistan.
4A.3. GRAMMAR
Grammar past simple
PAST SIMPLE
We use the past simple to talk about finished actions, events or situations in the past.
• Passang Lhamu Sherpa Akita lived with her younger sister in Lukla.
• Marjan Sadequi grew up in the capital city of Kabul.
• People didn’t have homes or food.
• It wasn’t easy to practice around the roads of Kabul.
Regular verbs: lived

Irregular verbs: grew up, didn’t have, wasn’t
4A.3. GRAMMAR
Find the past simple forms in the article.

Which are regular?
Which are irregular?
• Regular (in order):
▪ The mountaineer: lived, died, trained, worked,
climbed, helped
▪ The cyclist: loved, entered
• Irregular (in order):
▪ The mountaineer: was, was, didn't have (past had)
▪ The cyclist: was (born), grew up, was, had, gave,
was, saw, built, wasn’t, went, had, didn't win.
4A.3. GRAMMAR
Answer these questions.

1. What do we add to regular verbs to form the past simple? What do we add if the verb ends in –e?
What if the verb ends in -y?
We add -ed to regular verbs to form the past simple.
▪ If the verb ends in -e (e.g. live, dance), we add -d.
▪ If the verb ends in -y, we change y to i and add -ed.
2. How do we form the negative of most past simple verbs? How do we form the negative of be?
We form the negative of most past simple verbs by using didn’t and the infinitive form of the main verb
(e.g. lived becomes didn't live). We form the negative of be by adding not (wasn’t/weren’t)
4A.5. WRAP-UP
In this lesson, students have learnt about:

• Reading: Adventurers' stories
• Grammar: Past simple
4A.6. HOMEWORK
• Exercises on Canvas

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ENGLISH 1

At the end of this unit, students will be able to:

Understand and use vocabulary

Read and answer the questions

3. Rumbling Falls Cave was probably my biggest c. something very difficult to do

Grammar past simple

Regular verbs: lived

Find the past simple forms in the article.

Answer these questions.

In this lesson, students have learnt about:

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