Prep 50 solutions

Friday, 27 September 2024 19:17

PART 1
### 1. **The distance between a node and an antinode for a transverse wave is equal to:**
- **Answer**: C. One half of the wavelength.
- **Explanation**: In a standing wave, the distance between a node and an antinode is hal
the wavelength, as the node is a point of no displacement and the antinode is where maxim
displacement occurs.

### 2. **Which of the following is not a property of longitudinal waves?**

- **Answer**: D. Polarization.
- **Explanation**: Longitudinal waves cannot be polarized, as their oscillations occur in th
direction of propagation. Polarization is a characteristic of transverse waves.
### 3. **When the direction of vibration of particles of a medium is perpendicular to the
direction of travel of a wave, the wave is described as:**
- **Answer**: A. Transverse.
- **Explanation**: A transverse wave occurs when particle motion is perpendicular to the
direction of the wave's travel, as in light or water waves.

### 4. **A transverse wave can be distinguished from a longitudinal wave by its ability to
exhibit:**
- **Answer**: C. Polarization.
- **Explanation**: Only transverse waves can be polarized, as their oscillations occur
perpendicular to the wave's motion.

### 5. **Which of the following are both mechanical and transverse waves?**
- **Answer**: A. Water waves.
- **Explanation**: Water waves are mechanical waves involving the motion of water
molecules and are also transverse in nature.

### 6. **What type of wave is emitted by a loudspeaker?**

- **Answer**: B. Longitudinal.
- **Explanation**: Sound waves, like those produced by a loudspeaker, are longitudinal
waves, where particles vibrate parallel to the wave's direction of travel.

### 7. **An observer standing in front of a stationary source of sound waves will notice that
frequency of the waves:**
 lf
mum

he

t the
 - **Explanation**: Sound waves, like those produced by a loudspeaker, are longitudinal
waves, where particles vibrate parallel to the wave's direction of travel.

### 7. **An observer standing in front of a stationary source of sound waves will notice that
frequency of the waves:**
- **Answer**: C. Remains constant.
- **Explanation**: When neither the source nor the observer is moving, there is no Dopple
effect, so the frequency stays the same.

### 8. **The frequency of the tuning fork used in resonance is:**

- **Answer**: C. Equal to the natural frequency of the vibrating body.
- **Explanation**: Resonance happens when the frequency of the tuning fork matches the
natural frequency of the object it's vibrating.

### 9. **The vibration of a body that occurs at its own natural frequency is termed:**
- **Answer**: A. Resonance.
- **Explanation**: Resonance occurs when an object vibrates at its natural frequency, ofte
due to an external force of the same frequency.

### 10. **Which of the following is not a longitudinal wave?**

- **Answer**: A. Ripples on water.
- **Explanation**: Ripples are transverse waves, as water molecules move perpendicularl
the direction of wave propagation.

### 11. **Which of the following waves is not transverse?**

- **Answer**: D. Sound waves.
- **Explanation**: Sound waves are longitudinal, as the particles oscillate parallel to the
wave's travel.

### 12. **A slinky spring fixed at one end is placed horizontally on a table. The free end is
displaced parallel to the table and released. What type of wave is produced?**
- **Answer**: B. Longitudinal.
- **Explanation**: Moving the free end of a slinky parallel to the table generates longitud
waves, as the coils compress and stretch in the same direction as the movement.

### 13. **Which of the following statements about waves is false?**

- **Answer**: C. Waves cannot travel in the same medium.
- **Explanation**: Waves can coexist and travel through the same medium without
interference, so this statement is incorrect.

### 14. **The main difference between a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave is the:**
- **Answer**: A. Direction of vibration of the particles of the medium.
- **Explanation**: In transverse waves, particles vibrate perpendicular to the wave's moti
while in longitudinal waves, particles vibrate parallel to the motion.

### 15. **Which of the following statements about mechanical waves is false?**
- **Answer**: D. Mechanical waves do not require a medium.
t the

er

en

ly to

dinal

ion,
 - **Answer**: A. Direction of vibration of the particles of the medium.
- **Explanation**: In transverse waves, particles vibrate perpendicular to the wave's moti
while in longitudinal waves, particles vibrate parallel to the motion.

### 15. **Which of the following statements about mechanical waves is false?**
- **Answer**: D. Mechanical waves do not require a medium.
- **Explanation**: Mechanical waves, such as sound or water waves, need a medium (soli
liquid, or gas) to travel through.

### 16. **Which of the following is a property of longitudinal waves?**

- **Answer**: C. They exhibit compression and rarefaction.
- **Explanation**: Longitudinal waves consist of compressions (particles close together) a
rarefactions (particles farther apart) as they propagate.

### 17. **The propagation of mechanical waves requires:**

- **Answer**: A. A material medium.
- **Explanation**: Unlike electromagnetic waves, mechanical waves cannot travel through
vacuum and need a material medium like air or water.

### 18. **A transverse wave travels through a medium with a speed of 200 m/s. If the
wavelength is 0.4 m, what is the frequency?**
- **Answer**: C. 500 Hz.
- **Explanation**: Using the wave speed formula \( v = f \lambda \), we find the frequenc
\[
f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{200 \, \text{m/s}}{0.4 \, \text{m}} = 500 \, \text{Hz}.
\]

### 19. **In a mechanical wave, the energy is transmitted by:**

- **Answer**: C. Vibrations.
- **Explanation**: Mechanical waves transmit energy through the vibrations of particles i
the medium they travel through.

### 20. **In a mechanical wave, the energy is transmitted by:**

- **Answer**: D. A sound wave.
- **Explanation**: Sound waves are mechanical, meaning they require a medium to trans
energy through particle vibrations.

---

PART 2
---

### 41. **The distance between two points in phase on a progressive wave is 5 cm. If the sp
of the wave is 0.25 m/s, calculate its period.**
- **Answer**: A. 0.2 s
ion,

id,

and

ha

cy:

in

smit

peed
---

### 41. **The distance between two points in phase on a progressive wave is 5 cm. If the sp
of the wave is 0.25 m/s, calculate its period.**
- **Answer**: A. 0.2 s
- **Explanation**: The distance between two points in phase is the wavelength, \(\lambda
\, \text{cm} = 0.05 \, \text{m}\). Using the wave speed formula \( v = \lambda f \), we solve f
frequency:
\[
f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{0.25 \, \text{m/s}}{0.05 \, \text{m}} = 5 \, \text{Hz}.
\]
The period \( T \) is the reciprocal of frequency:
\[
T = \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{5} = 0.2 \, \text{seconds}.
\]

### 42. **The diagram below illustrates a wave form. Determine the number of wavelength
it.**
- **Answer**: B. 1.5
- **Explanation**: Looking at the diagram, the wave completes one full wavelength and ha
another, indicating that 1.5 wavelengths are shown.

### 43. **A transverse wave of frequency 8 Hz travels 4.8 m in 0.6 s. Calculate the waveleng
of the pulse.**
- **Answer**: C. 0.36 m
- **Explanation**: The speed of the wave is given by \( v = \frac{d}{t} = \frac{4.8 \, \text{m
{0.6 \, \text{s}} = 8 \, \text{m/s} \). Using \( v = f \lambda \), we solve for wavelength:
\[
\lambda = \frac{v}{f} = \frac{8 \, \text{m/s}}{8 \, \text{Hz}} = 1 \, \text{m}.
\]

### 44. **Determine the time taken for a wave between points P and Q to complete 1.5
periods.**
- **Answer**: C. 1.5 periods.
- **Explanation**: If the question implies a period is 1 unit of time, then for 1.5 periods, it
would take 1.5 times that unit.

### 45. **Water waves have a wavelength of 3.6 cm and a frequency of 5 Hz. What is the sp
of the waves?**
- **Answer**: D. 0.18 m/s.
- **Explanation**: Using the wave equation \( v = f \lambda \), where \( \lambda = 0.036 \
\text{m} \) and \( f = 5 \, \text{Hz} \),
\[
v = 5 \times 0.036 = 0.18 \, \text{m/s}.
\]

### 46. **The sketched graph shows a progressive wave moving from left to right. If the
peed

a=5
for

hs in

alf of

gth

m}}

peed

\,
\text{m} \) and \( f = 5 \, \text{Hz} \),
\[
v = 5 \times 0.036 = 0.18 \, \text{m/s}.
\]

### 46. **The sketched graph shows a progressive wave moving from left to right. If the
distance between the two successive crests is 20 cm, what is the wavelength?**
- **Answer**: A. 20 cm.
- **Explanation**: The wavelength is the distance between two successive crests, which is
given as 20 cm.

### 47. **The diagram below represents a transverse wave. Which two points are 180° out o
phase?**
- **Answer**: A. O and R.
- **Explanation**: Points that are 180° out of phase are directly opposite each other on th
wave, meaning when one is at a crest, the other is at a trough.

### 48. **Which of the following points on the waveform are in phase?**
- **Answer**: C. A and E.
- **Explanation**: Points that are in phase will have identical displacements and velocities
and in the given diagram, A and E meet this condition.

### 49. **The diagram below illustrates a wave between two fixed ends 40 cm apart. If the
speed of the wave is 2 m/s, what is the wavelength and frequency?**
- **Answer**: B. Wavelength = 40 cm, Frequency = 5 Hz.
- **Explanation**: Since the diagram shows a full wavelength fitting within the 40 cm span
the wavelength is 40 cm. Using \( v = f \lambda \), the frequency is calculated:
\[
f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{2 \, \text{m/s}}{0.4 \, \text{m}} = 5 \, \text{Hz}.
\]

### 50. **The diagram below illustrates a mode of vibration of a wire of length 125 cm.
Determine the wavelength.**
- **Answer**: C. 2.5 m.
- **Explanation**: The diagram shows half of a wavelength fitting along the wire's 1.25 m
length. Therefore, the full wavelength is \( 2 \times 1.25 \, \text{m} = 2.5 \, \text{m} \).

### 51. **Determine the frequency of the waves if wavelength = 2.5 m and speed = 10 m/s.*
- **Answer**: B. 4 Hz.
- **Explanation**: Using \( v = f \lambda \),
\[
f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{10 \, \text{m/s}}{2.5 \, \text{m}} = 4 \, \text{Hz}.
\]

Part 3
s

of

he

s,

n,

**
 f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{10 \, \text{m/s}}{2.5 \, \text{m}} = 4 \, \text{Hz}.
\]

Part 3
To address the questions in this image, let’s go through each one step by step:

---

### 1. **In a wave, the maximum displacement of particles from their equilibrium position i
called**
- **Answer**: A. Amplitude.
- **Explanation**: The amplitude of a wave is the maximum displacement from its rest or
equilibrium position.

### 2. **The SI units of frequency, period, and wavelength are respectively**

- **Answer**: B. Hertz, second, metre.
- **Explanation**: Frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz), period in seconds (s), and wavelen
in meters (m).

### 3. **A stone is dropped into the middle of a pool of water. Which of the following
statements is correct?**
- **Answer**: C. The water moves outward to the sides of the pool, but energy is transmit
outwards from the point of impact.
- **Explanation**: Waves transfer energy, not matter. The water itself doesn’t move to th
sides of the pool, but the energy of the disturbance propagates outward.

### 4. **Two successive points of a wave, A and B, are separated by a distance of 60 cm. If t
speed of the wave is 300 cm/s, calculate the frequency.**
- **Answer**: A. 5 Hz.
- **Explanation**: The distance between two successive points A and B is the wavelength
\( \lambda = 60 \, \text{cm} = 0.6 \, \text{m} \). The speed \( v = 300 \, \text{cm/s} = 3 \,
\text{m/s} \). Using \( v = f \lambda \),
\[
f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{3 \, \text{m/s}}{0.6 \, \text{m}} = 5 \, \text{Hz}.
\]

### 5. **The inverse of the time required for a wave to complete one full cycle is called**
- **Answer**: B. Frequency.
- **Explanation**: The time for one full cycle is the period \( T \). The inverse of the period
the frequency \( f \), i.e., \( f = \frac{1}{T} \).

### 6. **During a thunderstorm, lightning and thunder occur at the same time, but the thun
is heard after the lightning is seen because**
- **Answer**: C. The speed of light is greater than the speed of sound in air.
- **Explanation**: Light travels faster than sound, so we see lightning almost instantly whi
is

ngth

tted

he

the

d is

nder

ile
the frequency \( f \), i.e., \( f = \frac{1}{T} \).

### 6. **During a thunderstorm, lightning and thunder occur at the same time, but the thun
is heard after the lightning is seen because**
- **Answer**: C. The speed of light is greater than the speed of sound in air.
- **Explanation**: Light travels faster than sound, so we see lightning almost instantly whi
sound takes longer to reach us.

### 7. **Which of the following diagrams is true of the diagram shown below?**
- **Answer**: A. The two points A and B are in phase.
- **Explanation**: If points are in phase, they have the same displacement and velocity at
same time in the wave cycle.

### 8. **The maximum displacement of a vibrating tuning fork is proportional to its**

- **Answer**: C. Amplitude.
- **Explanation**: Maximum displacement from the equilibrium position refers to the
amplitude.

### 9. **The inverse of the time required for a wave to complete one full cycle is called**
- **Answer**: B. Period.
- **Explanation**: The time for a full cycle is the period \( T \), and the inverse is the
frequency \( f = \frac{1}{T} \).

### 10. **A boat anchored at rest sees waves pass underneath it. What is the relationship
between the boat's motion and the waves?**
- **Answer**: A. The boat moves up and down without moving along the water.
- **Explanation**: In a wave, the water itself doesn't move forward; rather, the energy
propagates through the water, causing the boat to move up and down.

### 11. **Frequency is measured in**

- **Answer**: A. Hertz.
- **Explanation**: Hertz (Hz) is the unit of frequency, which measures the number of cycle
per second.

### 12. **Waves travel from one medium into another. Which of the following properties is
affected?**
- **Answer**: A. Frequency.
- **Explanation**: When waves pass from one medium to another, their speed and
wavelength may change, but their frequency remains constant.

### 13. **The distance between two successive points on a wave that are in phase is called*
- **Answer**: C. Wavelength.
- **Explanation**: The wavelength is the distance between two consecutive points that ar
phase, such as two successive crests or troughs.

### 14. **Two points on a transverse wave are 50 cm apart, and the speed of the wave is 5 m
Calculate the period of the wave.**
nder

ile

the

es

s not

**

re in

m/s.
 - **Answer**: C. Wavelength.
- **Explanation**: The wavelength is the distance between two consecutive points that ar
phase, such as two successive crests or troughs.

### 14. **Two points on a transverse wave are 50 cm apart, and the speed of the wave is 5 m
Calculate the period of the wave.**
- **Answer**: D. 0.1 s.
- **Explanation**: The wavelength \( \lambda = 0.5 \, \text{m} \) and the speed \( v = 5 \,
\text{m/s} \). Using \( v = \lambda f \), we find frequency \( f \):
\[
f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{5 \, \text{m/s}}{0.5 \, \text{m}} = 10 \, \text{Hz}.
\]
The period \( T \) is the reciprocal of frequency:
\[
T = \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{10} = 0.1 \, \text{seconds}.
\]

### 15. **A wave has a speed of 2 m/s and covers a distance of 500 m. Calculate the time ta
to cover the distance.**
- **Answer**: B. 250 s.
- **Explanation**: Using \( v = \frac{d}{t} \), solving for time gives:
\[
t = \frac{d}{v} = \frac{500 \, \text{m}}{2 \, \text{m/s}} = 250 \, \text{seconds}.
\]

### 16. **A progressive wave passes a particular point 15 times in 3 s. Calculate the frequen
of the wave.**
- **Answer**: D. 5 Hz.
- **Explanation**: The frequency is the number of oscillations per second. If the wave pas
15 times in 3 seconds, the frequency is:
\[
f = \frac{15}{3} = 5 \, \text{Hz}.
\]

### 17. **A wave of speed 8 m/s covers a distance of 5.0 m in 1.5 seconds. Calculate its
frequency.**
- **Answer**: A. 5.3 Hz.
- **Explanation**: First, find the wavelength using \( v = \frac{d}{t} = \frac{5 \, \text{m}}{1.
\text{s}} = 3.33 \, \text{m/s} \). Now use \( f = \frac{v}{\lambda} \), giving:
\[
f = \frac{8}{3.33} \approx 5.3 \, \text{Hz}.
\]

Part 4
### **Q20. The distance between two points A and B on a wave is 0.60 m. The wavelength o
re in

m/s.

aken

ncy

sses

.5 \,

of
 \]

Part 4
### **Q20. The distance between two points A and B on a wave is 0.60 m. The wavelength o
the wave is 0.12 m. Determine the phase angle between A and B.**

#### Solution:
The phase difference \(\Delta \phi\) between two points on a wave is given by:

\[
\Delta \phi = \frac{2\pi \Delta x}{\lambda}
\]

Where:
- \(\Delta x = 0.60 \, \text{m}\) (distance between points A and B)
- \(\lambda = 0.12 \, \text{m}\) (wavelength)

Substitute the values:

\[
\Delta \phi = \frac{2\pi \times 0.60}{0.12} = 10\pi \, \text{radians}
\]

Thus, the phase angle between points A and B is \(10\pi\) radians.

---

### **Q21. Determine the speed of the wave.**

#### Solution:
The speed \(v\) of a wave is related to its frequency \(f\) and wavelength \(\lambda\) by the
formula:

\[
v = f \lambda
\]

Since we don’t have the frequency directly, let's work with other given quantities. If more de
were available, the formula could help compute the speed of the wave. This question seems
build upon missing data or assumptions.

---

### **Q22. A periodic pulse travels a distance of 20.0 m in 1.0 s. If its frequency is \(2.0 \tim
10^3 \, \text{Hz}\), calculate the wavelength of the pulse.**
of

etails
s to

mes
---

### **Q22. A periodic pulse travels a distance of 20.0 m in 1.0 s. If its frequency is \(2.0 \tim
10^3 \, \text{Hz}\), calculate the wavelength of the pulse.**

#### Solution:
The velocity of the pulse is the distance traveled per unit time:

\[
v = \frac{20.0 \, \text{m}}{1.0 \, \text{s}} = 20.0 \, \text{m/s}
\]

Using the wave equation \(v = f \lambda\), solve for the wavelength \(\lambda\):

\[
\lambda = \frac{v}{f} = \frac{20.0 \, \text{m/s}}{2.0 \times 10^3 \, \text{Hz}} = 0.01 \, \text{m
\]

Thus, the wavelength is \(0.01 \, \text{m}\).

---

### **Q23. A wave is represented by \( y = 4.0 \sin(3.0 t - 2.0 x) \). Find the angular speed ‘t’
phase angle of the wave.**

#### Solution:
For a wave of the form \( y = A \sin(\omega t - kx) \):

- The angular frequency \(\omega = 3.0 \, \text{rad/s}\) (coefficient of \(t\)).

- The phase angle is the term that determines the relationship between time and space. For
equation, no additional phase shift is provided beyond \(3.0t - 2.0x\).

The angular speed is \(3.0 \, \text{rad/s}\), and the phase angle is determined by the terms
\(3.0t\) and \(2.0x\).

---

### **Q24. Water flows in a pipe with successive crests of waves 1.0 m apart. If the velocity
the waves is 2.5 m/s, determine the frequency of the wave.**

#### Solution:
The wavelength \(\lambda = 1.0 \, \text{m}\), and velocity \(v = 2.5 \, \text{m/s}\).

Using the wave equation \(v = f \lambda\), solve for frequency \(f\):

\[
mes

m}

’ and

this

y of
#### Solution:
The wavelength \(\lambda = 1.0 \, \text{m}\), and velocity \(v = 2.5 \, \text{m/s}\).

Using the wave equation \(v = f \lambda\), solve for frequency \(f\):

\[
f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{2.5 \, \text{m/s}}{1.0 \, \text{m}} = 2.5 \, \text{Hz}
\]

Thus, the frequency of the wave is \(2.5 \, \text{Hz}\).

---

### **Q25. The distance between two successive crests of a transverse wave is 1.5 m. If the
velocity of the wave is 360 m/s, calculate the frequency.**

#### Solution:
The velocity \(v = 360 \, \text{m/s}\), and wavelength \(\lambda = 1.5 \, \text{m}\).

Using \(v = f \lambda\), solve for frequency \(f\):

\[
f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{360 \, \text{m/s}}{1.5 \, \text{m}} = 240 \, \text{Hz}
\]

The frequency of the wave is \(240 \, \text{Hz}\).

---

### **Q26. Given that \(f = 3\) and \(v = 5\), calculate the wavelength.**

#### Solution:
Using the wave equation \(v = f \lambda\):

\[
\lambda = \frac{v}{f} = \frac{5}{3} = 1.67 \, \text{m}
\]

Thus, the wavelength is \(1.67 \, \text{m}\).

---

### **Q27. A source generates a wave of wavelength 1.2 m and frequency 5.0 Hz. Calculate
velocity of the wave.**

#### Solution:
Using \(v = f \lambda\), where \(\lambda = 1.2 \, \text{m}\) and \(f = 5.0 \, \text{Hz}\):
e

e the
### **Q27. A source generates a wave of wavelength 1.2 m and frequency 5.0 Hz. Calculate
velocity of the wave.**

#### Solution:
Using \(v = f \lambda\), where \(\lambda = 1.2 \, \text{m}\) and \(f = 5.0 \, \text{Hz}\):

\[
v = f \lambda = 5.0 \times 1.2 = 6.0 \, \text{m/s}
\]

The velocity of the wave is \(6.0 \, \text{m/s}\).

---

### **Q28. Calculate the energy stored in a wave that has a frequency of \(1.2 \times 10^{1
\text{Hz}\).**

#### Solution:
This requires knowledge of specific formulas related to wave energy. The question lacks
necessary details like amplitude or the medium through which the wave travels.

---

### **Q29. A radio wave has a wavelength of 0.30 m and a frequency of \(10^9 \, \text{Hz}\
What is the speed of the wave?**

#### Solution:
Using \(v = f \lambda\), where \(\lambda = 0.30 \, \text{m}\) and \(f = 10^9 \, \text{Hz}\):

\[
v = 10^9 \times 0.30 = 3 \times 10^8 \, \text{m/s}
\]

The speed of the radio wave is \(3 \times 10^8 \, \text{m/s}\).

---

### **Q30. The energy transported by a wave is related to its amplitude by:**

#### Solution:
The energy transported by a wave is proportional to the square of its amplitude, \(E \propto
\).

---

### **Q31. The equation of a certain progressive transverse wave is \( y = 2 \sin (4x - 3t) \).
e the

10} \,

\).

o A^2
The energy transported by a wave is proportional to the square of its amplitude, \(E \propto
\).

---

### **Q31. The equation of a certain progressive transverse wave is \( y = 2 \sin (4x - 3t) \).
Calculate the period of the wave.**

#### Solution:
The wave equation \(y = A \sin(kx - \omega t)\) has \(\omega = 3 \, \text{rad/s}\), where
\(\omega = \frac{2\pi}{T}\). Solving for \(T\):

\[
T = \frac{2\pi}{\omega} = \frac{2\pi}{3} \approx 2.09 \, \text{s}
\]

Thus, the period of the wave is \(2.09 \, \text{s}\).

---

### **Q32. Which law illustrates the relationship between two successive particles in a wav

#### Solution:
This question is asking about a general wave principle, possibly Hooke’s law, which describes
restoring force in oscillating systems.

---

### **Q33. Consider the wave equation \(y = 150 \sin t\). What is the acceleration in the
equation?**

#### Solution:
For a sinusoidal wave of the form \(y = A \sin (\omega t)\), the acceleration is derived from t
second derivative of displacement with respect to time.

Let's continue with more detailed explanations for questions 34 to 42, step by step.

---

### **Q34. Consider the wave equation \(y = 150 \sin t\). What is the acceleration in the
equation?**

#### Solution:
The given wave equation is \( y = 150 \sin(t) \), where \( y \) represents the displacement of
particle in the wave at time \( t \).

To find acceleration, we need to first find velocity and then acceleration by differentiating th
o A^2

ve?**

s the

the

he
#### Solution:
The given wave equation is \( y = 150 \sin(t) \), where \( y \) represents the displacement of
particle in the wave at time \( t \).

To find acceleration, we need to first find velocity and then acceleration by differentiating th
displacement function with respect to time.

1. **Velocity (first derivative of displacement w.r.t. time):**

The velocity \( v \) is the first derivative of \( y \) with respect to \( t \):

\[
v = \frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{d}{dt} (150 \sin t) = 150 \cos t
\]

2. **Acceleration (second derivative of displacement w.r.t. time):**

The acceleration \( a \) is the second derivative of \( y \) with respect to \( t \):

\[
a = \frac{dv}{dt} = \frac{d}{dt} (150 \cos t) = -150 \sin t
\]

So, the acceleration at any time \( t \) is given by \( a = -150 \sin t \).

---

### **Q35. A wave is represented by \( y = 0.15 \sin(2 \pi t - 0.60 x) \). Determine the veloci
the wave.**

#### Solution:
The general form of a sinusoidal wave equation is:

\[
y = A \sin(\omega t - kx)
\]

Where:
- \( \omega \) is the angular frequency (rad/s),
- \( k \) is the wave number (rad/m).

From the given equation \( y = 0.15 \sin(2 \pi t - 0.60 x) \):

- \( \omega = 2 \pi \, \text{rad/s} \)

- \( k = 0.60 \, \text{rad/m} \)
a

he

ity of
From the given equation \( y = 0.15 \sin(2 \pi t - 0.60 x) \):

- \( \omega = 2 \pi \, \text{rad/s} \)

- \( k = 0.60 \, \text{rad/m} \)

The wave speed \( v \) is given by:

\[
v = \frac{\omega}{k}
\]

Substituting the values:

\[
v = \frac{2 \pi}{0.60} = \frac{6.28}{0.60} = 10.47 \, \text{m/s}
\]

Thus, the velocity of the wave is \( 10.47 \, \text{m/s} \).

---

### **Q36. A transverse wave travels along a string with a speed of 4 m/s. If the wavelength
1.2 m, what is the frequency?**

#### Solution:
We know the wave speed \( v \), wavelength \( \lambda \), and need to calculate the freque
\( f \).

Using the formula:

\[
v = f \lambda
\]

Rearranging to solve for \( f \):

\[
f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{4 \, \text{m/s}}{1.2 \, \text{m}} = 3.33 \, \text{Hz}
\]

The frequency of the wave is \( 3.33 \, \text{Hz} \).

---

### **Q37. The intensity of a wave is proportional to the square of the amplitude. If the
amplitude is doubled, by what factor does the intensity increase?**
h is

ency
---

### **Q37. The intensity of a wave is proportional to the square of the amplitude. If the
amplitude is doubled, by what factor does the intensity increase?**

#### Solution:
The intensity \( I \) of a wave is proportional to the square of the amplitude \( A \), i.e.,

\[
I \propto A^2
\]

If the amplitude is doubled, i.e., \( A' = 2A \), the new intensity \( I' \) will be:

\[
I' \propto (2A)^2 = 4A^2
\]

Thus, the intensity increases by a factor of **4** when the amplitude is doubled.

---

### **Q38. A wave travels a distance of 60 m in 4 seconds. If the wavelength is 3 m, calculat

the frequency of the wave.**

#### Solution:
First, calculate the speed of the wave using the distance traveled and the time taken:

\[
v = \frac{\text{distance}}{\text{time}} = \frac{60 \, \text{m}}{4 \, \text{s}} = 15 \, \text{m/s}
\]

Now, use the wave equation \( v = f \lambda \) to find the frequency \( f \):

\[
f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{15 \, \text{m/s}}{3 \, \text{m}} = 5 \, \text{Hz}
\]

Thus, the frequency of the wave is \( 5 \, \text{Hz} \).

---

### **Q39. The distance between successive crests of a wave is 2.0 m. If the wave travels 20
in 4 seconds, calculate the frequency of the wave.**

#### Solution:
te

0m
---

### **Q39. The distance between successive crests of a wave is 2.0 m. If the wave travels 20
in 4 seconds, calculate the frequency of the wave.**

#### Solution:
1. **Wave speed:** First, calculate the speed of the wave:

\[
v = \frac{\text{distance traveled}}{\text{time}} = \frac{20 \, \text{m}}{4 \, \text{s}} = 5 \,
\text{m/s}
\]

2. **Wavelength:** The distance between successive crests is the wavelength \( \lambda = 2

\, \text{m} \).

3. **Frequency:** Now, use the wave equation \( v = f \lambda \) to find the frequency \( f \

\[
f = \frac{v}{\lambda} = \frac{5 \, \text{m/s}}{2.0 \, \text{m}} = 2.5 \, \text{Hz}
\]

Thus, the frequency of the wave is \( 2.5 \, \text{Hz} \).

---

### **Q40. Two waves arrive at the same point with displacements \( y_1 = 3.0 \sin(2\pi t) \
and \( y_2 = 4.0 \sin(2\pi t) \). What is the resultant displacement?**

#### Solution:
The waves are described as having the same frequency and phase. To find the resultant
displacement, use the principle of superposition, which states that the resultant displaceme
\( y_r \) is the sum of the individual displacements:

\[
y_r = y_1 + y_2
\]

Substitute the given values:

\[
y_r = 3.0 \sin(2\pi t) + 4.0 \sin(2\pi t)
\]

\[
y_r = (3.0 + 4.0) \sin(2\pi t) = 7.0 \sin(2\pi t)
\]
0m

2.0

\):

\)

ent
y_r = 3.0 \sin(2\pi t) + 4.0 \sin(2\pi t)
\]

\[
y_r = (3.0 + 4.0) \sin(2\pi t) = 7.0 \sin(2\pi t)
\]

Thus, the resultant displacement is \( 7.0 \sin(2\pi t) \).

---

### **Q41. The frequency of a wave is 6 Hz, and the speed of the wave is 30 m/s. Calculate t
wavelength of the wave.**

#### Solution:
We know the frequency \( f = 6 \, \text{Hz} \) and the speed \( v = 30 \, \text{m/s} \). Using t
wave equation \( v = f \lambda \), solve for the wavelength \( \lambda \):

\[
\lambda = \frac{v}{f} = \frac{30 \, \text{m/s}}{6 \, \text{Hz}} = 5 \, \text{m}
Thus, the wavelength is \( 5 \, \text{m} \).

Q42. A wave of frequency 2 Hz has an amplitude of 5 cm. If the wave travels with a speed of
m/s, calculate the wavelength.**

Solution:
We are given the frequency \( f = 2 \, \text{Hz} \) and the speed \( v = 4 \, \text{m/s} \). Usin
the wave equation \( v = f \lambda \), solve for the wavelength \( \lambda \):
\lambda = \frac{v}{f} = \frac{4 \, \text{m/s}}{2 \, \text{Hz}} = 2 \, \text{m}
Thus, the wavelength is \( 2 \, \text{m} \).
the

the

f4

ng