1. What type of database is MongoDB?

- A) Relational Database

- B) Key-Value Database

- C) Document-Oriented Database

- D) Graph Database

2. What is the default data storage format for documents in MongoDB?

- A) JSON

- B) BSON

- C) XML

- D) CSV

3. In MongoDB, a collection is similar to which concept in relational databases?

- A) Table

- B) Row

- C) Column

- D) Index

4. What command is used to create a new database in MongoDB?

- A) db.createDatabase("database_name")

- B) use database_name

- C) create database database_name

- D) database.new(database_name)

5. Which of the following MongoDB methods is used to insert a single document into a collection?

- A) db.collection.insertOne()

- B) db.collection.insert()

- C) db.collection.addDocument()

- D) db.collection.addOne()
6. Which of the following is NOT a supported data type in MongoDB?

- A) Array

- B) Integer

- C) Date

- D) Double-Array

7. What MongoDB command retrieves all documents in a collection?

- A) db.collection.retrieve()

- B) db.collection.find()

- C) db.collection.query()

- D) db.collection.getAll()

8. Which command will delete a collection in MongoDB?

- A) db.drop(collection_name)

- B) db.collection.delete()

- C) db.collection.drop()

- D) db.removeCollection(collection_name)

9. What is the purpose of an index in MongoDB?

- A) To reduce storage size

- B) To improve search performance

- C) To encrypt data

- D) To create backups

10. In MongoDB, the unique identifier for a document is known as what?

- A) Primary Key

- B) Document Key

- C) _id Field
 - D) Object Identifier

11. In the document model, how is data typically stored?

- A) In rows and columns

- B) As structured documents

- C) In key-value pairs only

- D) As JSON arrays only

12. Which data format is commonly used by MongoDB to represent documents internally?

- A) XML

- B) BSON

- C) CSV

- D) YAML

13. In MongoDB, each document within a collection must contain which unique field?

- A) _document_id

- B) uniqueKey

- C) _id

- D) docID

14. What is a key benefit of using the document model for data storage?

- A) Supports ACID transactions only

- B) Reduces storage space by storing data as plain text

- C) Offers a flexible schema that allows fields to vary across documents

- D) Enforces a strict schema for all documents

15. In the document model, relationships between data are often represented by:

- A) Embedding documents within each other

- B) Using foreign keys

 - C) SQL joins

- D) Indexing tables

16. Which of the following statements is true about MongoDB’s document model?

- A) Each document in a collection must have the same structure.

- B) Documents in a collection can have different fields.

- C) The document model enforces relational constraints.

- D) Document fields cannot store arrays.

17. What type of data can be stored in a MongoDB document?

- A) Only strings and numbers

- B) Only arrays and integers

- C) Any type, including arrays, objects, and dates

- D) Only primitive data types

18. What is one disadvantage of using embedded documents for nested data in MongoDB?

- A) Increases performance

- B) Cannot store arrays in embedded documents

- C) Increases data redundancy

- D) Limits querying capabilities

19. Which MongoDB feature allows documents to be retrieved based on their structure?

- A) Schemas

- B) Joins

- C) Indexes

- D) Aggregations

20. In MongoDB, which structure would best represent a “one-to-many” relationship within the
document model?
 - A) Embedding multiple documents within a single document

- B) Storing data in separate databases

- C) Using SQL joins

- D) Storing the relationship in an external file

21. What type of architecture does MongoDB use to ensure high availability and scalability?

- A) Master-Slave

- B) Client-Server

- C) Distributed and Sharded

- D) Centralized

22. In MongoDB, what is a replica set?

- A) A single node that holds data

- B) A group of servers that maintains the same data for redundancy

- C) A set of indexes to improve query performance

- D) A temporary data store for backups

23. Which of the following is a primary component of MongoDB’s architecture that helps distribute data
across multiple servers?

- A) Indexing

- B) Sharding

- C) Aggregation

- D) Caching

24. What is the role of a primary node in a MongoDB replica set?

- A) It acts as a backup server.

- B) It handles all write operations and coordinates with secondary nodes.

- C) It only processes read requests.

- D) It performs data validation for other nodes.

25. Which MongoDB component handles read requests if the primary node is unavailable?

- A) Arbiter

- B) Config Server

- C) Secondary Node

- D) Router

26. What is the role of an arbiter node in a MongoDB replica set?

- A) To store data in case of primary node failure

- B) To vote in elections without storing a copy of the data

- C) To handle all read and write operations

- D) To create indexes for query optimization

27. Which MongoDB component is responsible for routing requests to the appropriate shard?

- A) Config Server

- B) Query Router (mongos)

- C) Primary Node

- D) Aggregator

28. How does MongoDB ensure data consistency across a replica set?

- A) Using synchronous replication

- B) Through primary node elections

- C) By allowing only one node to process requests

- D) By performing read and write operations on all nodes simultaneously

29. In a sharded cluster, which component stores the metadata of the shards?

- A) Primary Node

- B) Query Router (mongos)

- C) Config Server
 - D) Arbiter

30. Which MongoDB process is used to manage sharded data across multiple shards?

- A) mongos

- B) mongo

- C) mongod

- D) mongoexport

Continuing with more questions and options:

31. Which of the following is a key feature of MongoDB that supports a flexible data structure?

- A) Fixed schema enforcement

- B) Document-oriented storage

- C) Table-based data organization

- D) Multi-dimensional arrays only

32. What is the purpose of indexing in MongoDB?

- A) To store data redundantly

- B) To improve query performance

- C) To backup the database

- D) To ensure data consistency

33. Which MongoDB feature allows it to scale horizontally across multiple servers?

- A) Replication

- B) Indexing

- C) Sharding

- D) Aggregation

34. What type of data model does MongoDB use?

- A) Relational model
 - B) Hierarchical model

- C) Key-Value model

- D) Document model

35. In MongoDB, which feature ensures high availability by maintaining multiple copies of data?

- A) Sharding

- B) Aggregation

- C) Replication

- D) Indexing

36. Which feature in MongoDB allows developers to perform complex data transformations and
computations on data within a single query?

- A) Indexing

- B) Aggregation framework

- C) Sharding

- D) Clustering

37. MongoDB's capability to store arrays and sub-documents within documents is referred to as:

- A) Structured data storage

- B) Hierarchical storage

- C) Embedded documents

- D) Normalization

38. Which MongoDB feature allows users to conduct text searches within documents?

- A) GridFS

- B) Text indexing

- C) Aggregation

- D) Sharding
39. What feature of MongoDB enables developers to perform CRUD operations on large files and store
files larger than the BSON document size limit?

- A) Replication

- B) GridFS

- C) Sharding

- D) Aggregation

40. How does MongoDB ensure consistency in multi-document ACID transactions?

- A) By enforcing strict schema

- B) Through replica sets

- C) By supporting ACID transactions at the document level

- D) By limiting operations to single documents only

41. What command is used to create a new database in MongoDB?

- A) db.createDatabase("database_name")

- B) use database_name

- C) create database database_name

- D) db.newDatabase("database_name")

42. In MongoDB, how is a new collection created?

- A) Automatically when a document is inserted

- B) Using the create collection command

- C) By initializing with db.collectionName.create()

- D) By manually defining the schema

43. Which command explicitly creates a collection with specific options in MongoDB?

- A) db.createCollection("collection_name", options)

- B) db.collection.create("collection_name", options)

- C) create collection collection_name options

 - D) db.newCollection("collection_name", options)

44. What command is used to display all collections in a MongoDB database?

- A) db.showCollections()

- B) db.listCollections()

- C) show collections

- D) list all collections

45. What happens if you attempt to use a database in MongoDB that doesn’t yet exist?

- A) MongoDB throws an error.

- B) The database is created only if a collection or document is added.

- C) MongoDB creates the database immediately.

- D) The database remains inactive until restarted.

46. Which of the following options can be specified when creating a collection with
db.createCollection()?

- A) Maximum storage size and number of documents

- B) Encryption type

- C) Indexing options only

- D) File format

47. How do you delete a database in MongoDB?

- A) db.deleteDatabase()

- B) delete database dbname

- C) db.dropDatabase()

- D) remove database dbname

48. To delete a collection in MongoDB, which command should be used?

- A) drop collection_name
 - B) db.dropCollection("collection_name")

- C) db.collection_name.drop()

- D) delete collection_name

49. Which command in MongoDB switches the context to an existing or new database?

- A) use

- B) switch

- C) select

- D) load

50. How can you check the name of the currently selected database in MongoDB?

- A) db.getCurrentDatabase()

- B) db

- C) show db

- D) db.database()

51. Which command is used to insert a single document into a MongoDB collection?

- A) db.collection.addOne()

- B) db.collection.insertOne()

- C) db.collection.save()

- D) db.collection.insertMany()

52. Which method is used to insert multiple documents at once in MongoDB?

- A) db.collection.insertMany()

- B) db.collection.insertMultiple()

- C) db.collection.saveAll()

- D) db.collection.addMany()

53. What MongoDB method retrieves all documents in a collection?

 - A) db.collection.findAll()

- B) db.collection.show()

- C) db.collection.find()

- D) db.collection.getAll()

54. To read a single document matching a specific criterion from a collection, which method would you
use?

- A) db.collection.findOne()

- B) db.collection.findSingle()

- C) db.collection.searchOne()

- D) db.collection.getOne()

55. Which operator is used to update specific fields in a document without replacing the entire
document?

- A) $replace

- B) $modify

- C) $set

- D) $update

56. What method is used to update one document that matches a specific query in MongoDB?

- A) db.collection.updateOne()

- B) db.collection.updateSingle()

- C) db.collection.modifyOne()

- D) db.collection.replaceOne()

57. If you want to update multiple documents matching a specific condition, which method would you
use?

- A) db.collection.modifyMany()

- B) db.collection.updateAll()

- C) db.collection.updateMany()
 - D) db.collection.update()

58. Which MongoDB method is used to delete a single document matching a query?

- A) db.collection.deleteOne()

- B) db.collection.removeOne()

- C) db.collection.dropOne()

- D) db.collection.eraseOne()

59. To delete all documents in a collection that match a specified condition, which method is used?

- A) db.collection.drop()

- B) db.collection.deleteMany()

- C) db.collection.remove()

- D) db.collection.eraseAll()

60. What will happen if you use the db.collection.updateOne() method without any update operator like
$set?

- A) MongoDB will throw an error.

- B) MongoDB will ignore the update operation.

- C) MongoDB will replace the entire document.

- D) MongoDB will update only the first field found.

61. Which method is used in MongoDB to retrieve documents from a collection that match specific
criteria?

- A) db.collection.get()

- B) db.collection.search()

- C) db.collection.find()

- D) db.collection.retrieve()

62. What operator is used in MongoDB to match documents where a field is equal to a specific value?

- A) $eq
 - B) $equals

- C) $match

- D) $find

63. How would you write a query to find documents in a collection where the field "age" is greater than
18?

- A) { age: { $gt: 18 } }

- B) { age: { $gte: 18 } }

- C) { age: { $lt: 18 } }

- D) { age: { $gt 18 } }

64. Which operator is used in MongoDB to check if a field’s value exists in an array of specified values?

- A) $in

- B) $exists

- C) $match

- D) $array

65. To retrieve only specific fields from a document, which part of the find() method is used?

- A) Sorting

- B) Projection

- C) Filtering

- D) Indexing

66. What does the MongoDB query { status: { $ne: "complete" } } do?

- A) Finds documents where "status" is exactly "complete"

- B) Finds documents where "status" is not equal to "complete"

- C) Deletes documents where "status" is "complete"

- D) Updates documents to set "status" to "incomplete"

67. Which operator would you use to combine multiple conditions in a MongoDB query where all
conditions must be met?

- A) $in

- B) $or

- C) $and

- D) $match

68. What does the query { "score": { $gte: 70, $lte: 90 } } find?

- A) Documents where "score" is less than 70

- B) Documents where "score" is greater than 90

- C) Documents where "score" is between 70 and 90, inclusive

- D) Documents where "score" equals 70 or 90

69. Which query would find all documents where the "tags" field contains both "science" and
"technology"?

- A) { tags: { $in: ["science", "technology"] } }

- B) { tags: { $all: ["science", "technology"] } }

- C) { tags: { $contains: ["science", "technology"] } }

- D) { tags: { $eq: ["science", "technology"] } }

70. What is the purpose of the $regex operator in MongoDB?

- A) To create indexes for efficient querying

- B) To allow for pattern matching in strings

- C) To enforce a specific schema

- D) To add new fields to a document

71. What is Node.js primarily used for?

- A) Front-end development

- B) Game development
 - C) Back-end server-side development

- D) Database management

72. Which language is Node.js built on?

- A) Python

- B) JavaScript

- C) Java

- D) Ruby

73. What engine does Node.js use to execute JavaScript code?

- A) Chakra

- B) SpiderMonkey

- C) V8

- D) Rhino

74. Node.js is known for which type of architecture?

- A) Synchronous and blocking

- B) Asynchronous and non-blocking

- C) Multi-threaded

- D) Procedural

75. Which module in Node.js allows for managing HTTP requests and responses?

- A) fs

- B) events

- C) http

- D) path

76. What is the purpose of npm (Node Package Manager) in Node.js?

- A) To manage system processes

 - B) To compile JavaScript code

- C) To manage packages and dependencies

- D) To handle database connections

77. Which of the following is a key feature of Node.js that makes it suitable for data-intensive real-time
applications?

- A) Multi-threading

- B) Event-driven architecture

- C) Synchronous code execution

- D) Strict typing

78. How does Node.js handle multiple connections at the same time?

- A) By using multiple threads

- B) By blocking I/O operations

- C) Through single-threaded, non-blocking I/O

- D) By spawning new processes for each connection

79. Which of the following commands is used to initialize a new Node.js project and create a
package.json file?

- A) node init

- B) npm start

- C) npm init

- D) node start

80. Which of the following features allows Node.js to handle high concurrency without high memory
consumption?

- A) Multi-threading

- B) Non-blocking I/O

- C) Synchronous processing

- D) Strongly typed variables

81. Which of the following is the correct way to check if Node.js is installed on your system?

- A) node --version

- B) npm --install

- C) node install

- D) npm check

82. What is npm primarily used for in Node.js?

- A) Managing Node.js versions

- B) Managing packages and dependencies

- C) Compiling JavaScript code

- D) Creating databases

83. Which command would you use to install a package globally in Node.js?

- A) npm install package

- B) npm install -g package

- C) npm global install package

- D) npm add package

84. What file is created to manage project dependencies when you initialize a Node.js project with npm
init?

- A) node_modules.json

- B) npm.json

- C) package.json

- D) project.json

85. Which command is used to install all dependencies listed in a package.json file?

- A) npm install

- B) npm start
 - C) npm init

- D) node install

86. To remove an installed package from a project, which npm command would you use?

- A) npm delete package

- B) npm uninstall package

- C) npm remove --all

- D) npm clean package

87. What command is used to create a package.json file with default settings in Node.js?

- A) npm init

- B) npm init -y

- C) npm create package

- D) npm new project

88. Where are globally installed npm packages stored by default?

- A) Inside the node_modules directory of each project

- B) In the global_modules folder

- C) In a global node_modules directory specific to npm

- D) In the npm_packages folder in each project

89. What does the caret (^) symbol mean in the version number of a dependency in package.json?

- A) Install the exact version specified

- B) Update to the latest version, regardless of compatibility

- C) Update to the latest minor or patch version, but not a major version

- D) Install only the beta version

90. Which npm command would you use to update all project dependencies to their latest versions?

- A) npm update
 - B) npm upgrade --all

- C) npm install --latest

- D) npm update all

91. What kind of process model does Node.js use?

- A) Multi-threaded

- B) Single-threaded

- C) Dual-threaded

- D) Threadless

92. In Node.js, how is concurrency achieved despite using a single-threaded model?

- A) Using asynchronous, non-blocking I/O operations

- B) By using multiple threads internally

- C) Through synchronous processing

- D) Using only one connection at a time

93. Which of the following allows Node.js to handle I/O operations without blocking the main thread?

- A) Event loop

- B) Synchronous calls

- C) Call stack

- D) Data stream

94. What is the purpose of the event loop in Node.js?

- A) To execute synchronous code

- B) To handle blocking I/O only

- C) To manage and process asynchronous events

- D) To allocate memory for objects

95. Which module provides the functionality to work with child processes in Node.js?

- A) fs
 - B) child_process

- C) events

- D) process

96. What method in the child_process module allows the creation of a new Node.js process?

- A) spawn()

- B) fork()

- C) exec()

- D) All of the above

97. Which Node.js function is used to end the process and exit?

- A) exit()

- B) process.exit()

- C) quit()

- D) endProcess()

98. What value does process.exit(0) represent?

- A) Successful termination

- B) Unsuccessful termination

- C) Unknown status

- D) Termination with error code

99. How does Node.js handle CPU-bound tasks effectively, given its single-threaded nature?

- A) By utilizing the cluster module to spawn multiple processes

- B) By running CPU-bound tasks on the main thread

- C) Through synchronous I/O calls

- D) By blocking the event loop

100. What does process.on('exit', callback) do in Node.js?

 - A) Restarts the process upon exit

- B) Runs a callback function before the process exits

- C) Halts the process immediately

- D) Sets the exit code for the process

101. What is a module in Node.js?

- A) A built-in database

- B) A reusable piece of code, either built-in or custom

- C) A collection of HTML files

- D) A global variable available across all scripts

102. Which method is used to include a module in Node.js?

- A) import()

- B) include()

- C) require()

- D) use()

103. Which module in Node.js is used for handling file operations?

- A) path

- B) fs

- C) os

- D) http

104. What does the exports object do in a Node.js module?

- A) Imports external modules

- B) Exports functions or variables from a module to be used in other files

- C) Deletes a module from memory

- D) Encodes data for transfer

105. Which of the following is a core module in Node.js?

- A) express

- B) mongodb

- C) http

- D) lodash

106. How do you install a third-party module in Node.js?

- A) node install module_name

- B) npm install module_name

- C) install module_name

- D) module install module_name

107. What command is used to export a function in a module so that it can be used in other files?

- A) module.include = functionName

- B) module.import = functionName

- C) module.exports = functionName

- D) export functionName

108. What is the purpose of the path module in Node.js?

- A) To create server connections

- B) To work with file and directory paths

- C) To interact with databases

- D) To manage environment variables

109. Which of the following is true about the require function in Node.js?

- A) It loads modules synchronously.

- B) It is only used for built-in modules.

- C) It cannot load local files.

- D) It is a method of the exports object.

110. How can you load a local module in Node.js?

- A) require('./module_name')

- B) require('module_name')

- C) import module_name

- D) include module_name

111. What is asynchronous programming?

- A) A method of executing code line-by-line in order

- B) A technique that allows code to be executed without blocking other operations

- C) A way to make code run slower

- D) A type of debugging tool

112. Which of the following is a common benefit of asynchronous programming?

- A) It makes code harder to read

- B) It improves application responsiveness

- C) It increases memory usage

- D) It stops functions from running in parallel

113. In JavaScript, which feature enables asynchronous behavior by executing code after a specified
delay?

- A) setInterval

- B) setTimeout

- C) clearTimeout

- D) executeLater

114. Which of the following is NOT a method for handling asynchronous operations in JavaScript?

- A) Callbacks

- B) Promises
 - C) Threads

- D) Async/await

115. What is a callback function in asynchronous programming?

- A) A function that is immediately executed

- B) A function passed as an argument to another function, to be executed later

- C) A function that blocks other code from running

- D) A synchronous function that delays execution

116. What is the purpose of a Promise in JavaScript?

- A) To handle synchronous operations

- B) To represent the eventual completion (or failure) of an asynchronous operation

- C) To delay code execution indefinitely

- D) To create multiple threads

117. What does the .then() method do in a Promise?

- A) It cancels the Promise

- B) It executes a callback function when the Promise is resolved

- C) It runs the Promise synchronously

- D) It re-throws any error in the Promise

118. What keyword is used to pause the execution of a function until a Promise is resolved in JavaScript?

- A) await

- B) defer

- C) stop

- D) async

119. When using async and await, what type of function must the await keyword be used within?

- A) A standard function
 - B) An async function

- C) An IIFE (Immediately Invoked Function Expression)

- D) A constructor function

120. Which statement about asynchronous programming is correct?

- A) Asynchronous code blocks further code execution.

- B) Asynchronous programming always makes code run faster.

- C) Asynchronous programming allows multiple tasks to be initiated without waiting for other tasks to
finish.

- D) Asynchronous programming does not allow callback functions.