Tutorial 2

August 16, 2024

R V1 R
+
−

+
−
1.
ix · R R ix · R 12 − 10kix − V1 3 + 10kix − V1 V1 − 6
+ =
10k
 10k
  10k
 
+ +
12 V −
3V − 15 − 2V1 = V1 − 6
ix
+
⇒ V1 = 7V
6V
− V1 − 6
ix = mA
10
1
ix = mA
10
Power absorbed by the 6V source = 6 × ix = 6 × 0.1 = 0.6mW
Power delivered = −0.6mW
2.
5Ω

2 1.5 +
+
Vs −
Ω VC (s) 2A s
s s −

(a)Applying KCL at the capacitor node,

2
VC (s) − s VC (s)
+ 1.5 −2=0
5 s
VC (s)s − 2 VC (s)s
+ =2
5s 1.5
2
1.5VC (s)s − 3 + 5VC (s)s
=2
7.5s
1.5VC (s)s − 3 + 5VC (s)s2 = 15s
VC (s) ×
5s(s + 0.3) =
5(3s + 0.6)
3s + 0.6
VC (s) =
s(s + 0.3)
split into partial fractions
2 1
VC (s) = +
s s + 0.3

(b) vC (t) = L−1 (VC (s)) = 2u(t) + e−0.3t u(t)

(c) time-domain representation of the circuit,

1
 5Ω

+
+
2u(t) V −
0.67 F vC (t) 2δ(t)A
−

3. To find Z(s):

1


1F Z(s) = 1+s+ s ||1
1
1Ω 1H s ×1
=1+s+ 1+ 1s
1
=1+s+ s+1
Z
1Ω s2 +2s+2
= s+1

4. To find Y(s):
 
1
Z(s) = 1|| + 2||(4s + 4)
s
 
1 2 × 4(s + 1)
= 1|| +
s (2 + 4s + 4)
 
1 8(s + 1)
= 1|| +
s (4s + 6)
4s + 6 + 8s2 + 8s
 
= 1||
(4s2 + 6s)
(8s2 +12s+6)
1F (4s2 +6s) × 1
4H = 2
1 + (8s(4s+12s+6)
2 +6s)

Y(s) 1Ω 2Ω 4Ω
2
(8s + 12s + 6)
=
(4s2 + 6s + 8s2 + 12s + 6)
(8s2 + 12s + 6)
=
(12s2 + 18s + 6)
1
=⇒ Y (s) =
Z(s)
(12s2 + 18s + 6)
=
(8s2 + 12s + 6)
(6s2 + 9s + 3)
=
(4s2 + 6s + 3)

5. Nodal analysis: Assume that the current through the 100V source from node 1 to node 2 is i1 . The
voltage at node 3 is known; need not write an equation at this node. The nodal equations at nodes 1, 2
and 4 can be written as follows.

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 2

V1 V1 − V4
0V

12
−i1 + + =0 (1)

.5
5A
10 20 10
+

Ω
− V2 − 150
i1 − 5 + =0 (2)
20 Ω 150 V 12.5
0 Adding equations (1) and (2), we get
1 3
V1 V1 − V4 V2 − 150
+ −5+ + =0 (3)
20 10 12.5
25 Ω

vx V4 − V1 V4
+ + 10 = 0 (4)
10

10 25
A
−
Ω

10 V2 − V1 = 100V (5)

4
Arranging equations (3), (4) and (5) in matrix form,
     
−1 1 0 V1 100
 10 0 −14 · V2  = 1000
15 8 −10 V4 1700

V1 = 11.71 V, V2 = 111.71 V,V3 = 150 V, V4 = −63.06 V

vx = −V4 = 63.06 V
6. Using the circuit model, we have
1M Ω
vab = × 200mV = 199.9mV
1M Ω + 500Ω
Input voltage to the speaker = 120vab = 23.988V
By applying voltage division rule across speaker resistor,
10
16 = × 23.988
10 + R
⇒ R = 4.9925Ω ≈ 5Ω
Power delivered to the speaker,
V2 162
PD = = = 25.6W
R 10

Clearly, i1 = 10A (1)

i2 vx
1Ω 2Ω
and i3 − i1 =
10
3Ω where vx = 3(i3 − i2 )
=⇒ 0.7i3 + 0.3i2 = 10 (2)
7. 10 A i1 + vx − Using KVL for mesh (2)
1 2i2 + 3(i2 − i3 ) + 1(i2 − i1 ) = 0 (3)
10 vx
2Ω From (2) and (3),
i3 6i2 − 3i3 = 10
2Ω 0.3i2 + 0.7i3 = 10

Solve for i2 and i3 to get, i2 = 7.2549 A, i3 = 11.1765 A

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8. Since the current through the 2Ω resistor is 2s , we need to write the nodal equations only at nodes 2 and
3. V1 can be obtained as V2 + 100 2s . Similarly V4 = V3 − 2 5s .
−2  s s
+ V2 1 + − V3 · =0 (1)
s 5 5
s V3 s
(V3 − V2 ) + + =0 (2)
5 2s 5

Using equations (1) and (2), we have

1 + 5s − 5s

    2 
V2 s
=
− 5s 1
2s + 5
s
V3 − 5s

" √ ! √ √ !#
6 s2 − 10 −t/4 39 39 39
V2 (s) = − ←→ v2 (t) = 2 u(t) − 5 e cos t − sin t u(t) V
s (2s2 + s + 5) 4 195 4
" √ ! √ √ !#
6 s + 50 −t/4 39 97 39 39
V3 (s) = − 2 ←→ v3 (t) = −3 e cos t + sin t u(t) V
2s + s + 5 4 117 4

9. s-domain representation of circuit,

V1 2Ω V2 4Ω V3

2 2.23 4 0.1V2
s s s

Once again write equations only for V2 and V3 .

V2 − V3 2
V2 · 0.45s + = (1)
4 s
V3 − V2 s
+ V3 · + 0.1V2 = 0 (2)
4 4

    2
(0.45s + 0.25) −0.25 V2
· = s
−0.15 0.25(1 + s) V3 0
!
  0.5(s+1)
V2 2
=⇒ = s(0.1125s +0.175s+0.025)
−0.3
V3 s(0.1125s2 +0.175s+0.025)

Expanding using partial fractions, we get

22.53 136.32 158.85
V2 (s) = + − ←→ v2 (t) = 22.53u(t) + 136.32e−0.159t u(t) − 158.85e−0.1396t u(t)
s (s + 0.159) (s + 0.1396)
−13.51 97.26 110.77
V3 (s) = − + ←→ v3 (t) = −13.52u(t) − 97.26e−0.159t u(t) + 110.78e−0.1396t u(t)
s (s + 0.159) (s + 0.1396)

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