Project Report of Manufacturing of Solar Power Plant

Project Report
On
Solar power plant
INDEX
I. Introduction
II. Type of solar power production system
III. Main objective of project & Important parameter
IV. Methodology
V. basic design parameters for the 1MW grid-connected solar PV

system
INTRODUCTION:
A look at the world map of mean solar radiations reveal that, Africa as a continent
receives the highest amounts of solar radiation between 300 and 350 W/m2 annually.
Grid-connected solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems employ the direct conversion of

sunlight into electricity which is fed directly into the electricity grid without storage in
batteries. This will be a very good way to boost the existing electricity production
capacity in the country, which is mainly from hydro and thermal sources.
 Solar power plant block diagram
Solar energy, being a renewable source, will also provide energy without pollutants
and greenhouse gas emissions
The situation on the African continent is however not encouraging, with Africa
contributing less than 1% of the world’s installed solar PV systems, in spite of the
huge solar energy potential available to the continent.
There are mainly two type of solar power production system:
1) Off-Grid Systems
2) Grid-Connected PV Systems
Off-Grid Systems
Off-grid PV systems, as the name implies, are systems that are not connected to the
public electricity grid. These systems require an energy storage system for the energy
generated because the energy generated is not usually required at the same time as it is
generated.
A typical off-grid system comprises the following main components:
• Solar PV Modules: these convert sunlight directly to electricity.

• Charge Controllers: manage the charging and discharging of the batteries in order to
maximize their lifetimes and minimize operational problems
• Battery or Battery Bank: Stores the energy generated by the PV modules
• Inverter: converts the DC current generated by the solar PV modules to AC current
for AC consumer load.
Grid-Connected PV Systems
Grid-connected systems are systems connected to a large independent grid usually the
public electricity grid and feed power directly into the grid. These systems are usually
employed in decentralised grid-connected PV applications and centralized grid-
connected PV applications
A typical grid-connected PV system comprises the following components:
• Solar PV Modules: these convert sunlight directly to electricity.

• Inverter: converts the DC current generated by the solar PV modules to AC current
for the utility grid.
• Main disconnect/isolator Switch
• Utility Grid
Main objective of project

 The main objective of the project is to design a 1MW grid-connected solar
photovoltaic system using the roofs of buildings and car parks and to analyze the
technical and financial performances
Important parameter for establishment of solar power plant
 Temperature between 25°- 38°c is ideal for solar power generation. Temperature
above 40 causes in deviation of power generation. While temperature below 25
not gives proper power generation.
 Ideally solar panels should be located such that there will never be shadows on
them because a shadow on even a small part of the panel can have a surprisingly
large effect on the output.
 Tilt at which the solar panel is installed is also an important consideration. It is
important that the tilt of the solar panel is the same as the latitude of your
location.
For 1 kw Solar power generations
 170 Sq.Ft area required
 Per kw 4-5 units generated
 70 Rs/kw for plant establishment.
Solar resources
 Kenya receives good solar isolation all year round (coupled with moderate to
high temperatures) estimated at 4-6 kWh/m2/day.
Methodology
 The project began with a literature review of solar photovoltaic systems. This
was followed by a simple prefeasibility study (using RETScreen or other
suitable software) to obtain an idea of the amount of energy that will be
generated by the system, estimate the total space (area) required for the
installation of the system and access the economics of the whole project.
 A draft procedure for the design of grid-connected systems was prepared which
will be updated from time to time until a standard procedure is developed which
can be used to replicate the design of large-scale grid-connected solar PV
systems in other institutions.
The draft procedure comprises the following steps;
1. Assessment of the solar radiation data for the location from various institutions
such as the American Space Agency (NASA), the Joint Research Commission
(JRC) of the European Commission and UNEP which helps to estimate the
amount of electricity generated. Most simulation software packages also have
inbuilt solar radiation data which can be used for this same purpose.
2. Obtain a land use map of the location showing the various sites that can be used
for the project.
3. Confirm the various locations on the land use map and update where necessary.
4. Identify various building roofs and car parks that can be used for the project
based on a minimum roof area.
5. Identify grid access and requirement for grid connection
6. Obtain the dimensions of the roofs of the selected buildings and car parks to be
used.
7. Assessment of roof properties such as roof type, roof area, roof orientation,
pitch/slope, strength of roof and the effect of shading on the roofs.
8. Selection of suitable roofs and collation the total area available PV system
design.
9. Obtain solar PV information from various solar dealers both locally and
internationally. This information should include; type, cost, size, weight, etc
10.Design the layout of the system for each of the selected building roofs
Summary of the basic design parameters for the 1MW grid-connected
solar PV system
Meteo Data
Daily horizontal irradiation 4.30kWh/m2/day
Building Orientation
Number of Buildings selected 13
Total Roof Area 9,120m2
o
Roof Pitch 15
Roof orientation South
Module-Inverter Details
Module Type Polycrystalline (Sharp ND-U235Q2)
Module capacity 240Wp
Module Efficiency 14.4%
Total Installed Module capacity 1000kWp
Number of modules 4,255
Inverter Capacity 1000kW
Inverter Efficiency 97%
Number of inverters 13

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Project Report

II. Type of solar power production system

III. Main objective of project & Important parameter

V. basic design parameters for the 1MW grid-connected solar PV

Grid-connected solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems employ the direct conversion of

 Solar power plant block diagram

A typical off-grid system comprises the following main components:

• Solar PV Modules: these convert sunlight directly to electricity.

A typical grid-connected PV system comprises the following components:

• Solar PV Modules: these convert sunlight directly to electricity.

Main objective of project

5. Identify grid access and requirement for grid connection

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