EXERCISE # II

Q.1 Electrons in hydrogen like atoms (Z = 3) make transitions from the fifth to the fourth orbit & from the
fourth to the third orbit. The resulting radiations are incident normally on a metal plate & eject photo
electrons. The stopping potential for the photoelectrons ejected by the shorter wavelength is
3.95 volts. Calculate the work function of the metal, & the stopping potential for the photoelectrons
ejected by the longer wavelength. (Rydberg constant = 1.094 × 107 m–1)

Q.2 A beam of light has three wavelengths 4144Å, 4972Å & 6216 Å with a total intensity of
3.6×10–3 W.m–2 equally distributed amongst the three wavelengths. The beam falls normally on an area
1.0 cm2 of a clean metallic surface of work function 2.3 eV. Assume that there is no loss of light by
reflection and that each energetically capable photon ejects one electron. Calculate the number of
photoelectrons liberated in two seconds.

Q.3 A small 10 W source of ultraviolet light of wavelength 99 nm is held at a distance 0.1 m from a metal
surface. The radius of an atom of the metal is approximaterly 0.05 nm. Find :
(i) the number of photons striking an atom per second.
(ii) the number of photoelectrons emitted per second if the efficiency of liberation of photoelectrons is 1%.

Q.4 In a photo electric effect set-up, a point source of light of power 3.2 × 10-3 W emits mono energetic
photons of energy 5.0 eV. The source is located at a distance of 0.8 m from the centre of a stationary
metallic sphere of work function 3.0 eV & of radius 8.0 × 10-3m . The efficiency of photo electrons
emission is one for every 106 incident photons. Assume that the sphere is isolated and initially neutral,
and that photo electrons are instantly swept away after emission.
(a) Calculate the number of photo electrons emitted per second.
(b) Find the ratio of the wavelength of incident light to the De - Broglie wave length of the fastest photo
electrons emitted.
(c) It is observed that the photo electron emission stops at a certain time t after the light source is switched
on. Why ?
(d) Evaluate the time t.

Q.5 Two identical nonrelativistic particles move at right angles to each other, possessing De Broglie wavelengths,
1 & 2 . Find the De Broglie wavelength of each particle in the frame of their centre of mass.

Q.6 Assume that the de-Broglie wave associated with an electron can form a standing wave between the
atoms arranged in a one dimensional array with nodes at each of the atomic sites. It is found that one
such standing wave is formed if the distance 'd' between the atoms of the array is 2 Å. A similar standing
wave is again formed if 'd' is increased to 2.5 Å but not for any intermediate value of d. Find the
energy of the electrons in electron volts and the least value of d for which the standing wave of the type
described above can form.

Q.7 A stationary He+ ion emitted a photon corresponding to the first line its Lyman series. That photon liberated a
photoelectron from a stationary hydrogen atom in the ground state. Find the velocity of the photoelectron.

Q.8 A gas of identical hydrogen like atoms has some atoms in the lowest (ground) energy level A & some
atoms in a particular upper (excited) energy level B & there are no atoms in any other energy level. The
atoms of the gas make transition to a higher energy level by the absorbing monochromatic light of
photon energy 2.7eV. Subsequently, the atoms emit radiation of only six different photon energies. Some
of the emitted photons have energy 2.7 eV. Some have energy more and some have less than 2.7 eV.
(i) Find the principal quantum number of the initially excited level B.
(ii) Find the ionisation energy for the gas atoms.
(iii) Find the maximum and the minimum energies of the emitted photons.

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Q.9 A monochromatic light source of frequency  illuminates a metallic surface and ejects photoelectrons.
The photoelectrons having maximum energy are just able to ionize the hydrogen atoms in ground state.
When the whole experiment is repeated with an incident radiation of frequency (5/6) , the photoelectrons
so emitted are able to excite the hydrogen atom beam which then emits a radiation of wavelength of
1215 Å . Find the work function of the metal and the frequency .

Q.10 An energy of 68.0 eV is required to excite a hydrogen like atom from its second Bohr orbit to the third. The
nuclear charge Ze. Find the value of Z, the kinetic energy of the electron in the first Bohr orbit and the
wavelength of the electro magnetic radiation required to eject the electron from the first Bohr orbit to infinity.

Q.11 Simplified picture of electron energy levels in a certain atom is shown in the
figure. The atom is bombarded with high energy electrons. The impact of
one of these electron has caused the complete removal of K-level is filled
by an electron from the L-level with a certain amount of energy being released
during the transition. This energy may appear as X-ray or may all be used
to eject an M-level electron from the atom. Find :
(i) the minimum potential difference through which electron may be accelerated from rest to cause the
ejectrion of K-level electron from the atom.
(ii) energy released when L-level electron moves to fill the vacancy in the K-level.
(iii) wavelength of the X-ray emitted. (iv) K.E. of the electron emitted from the M-level.

Q.12 A neutron of kinetic energy 65 eV collides inelastically with a singly ionized helium atom at rest . It is
scattered at an angle of 90º with respect of its original direction.
(i) Find the allowed values of the energy of the neutron & that of the atom after collision.
(ii) If the atom gets de-excited subsequently by emitting radiation, find the frequencies of the emitted radiation.
(Given : Mass of he atom = 4×(mass of neutron), ionization energy of H atom =13.6 eV)

Q.13 A beam of ultraviolet light of wavelength 100 nm – 200 nm is passed through a box filled with hydrogen
gas in ground state. The light coming out of the box is split into two beams ‘A’ and ‘B’. A contains
unabsorbed light from the incident light and ‘B’ contains the emitted light by hydrogen atoms. The beam
‘A’ is incident on the emitter in a photoelectric tube. The stopping potential in this case is 5 volts. Find the
work function of the emitter. In the second case the beam ‘B’ is incident on the same emitter. Find the
stopping potential in this case. You can assume that the transition to higher energy states are not permitted
from the excited states. Use hc = 12400 eVÅ.

Q.14 A hydrogen like atom (atomic number Z) is in a higher excited state of quantum number n. This excited
atom can make a transition to the first excited state by successively emitting two photons of energies
10.20 eV & 17.00 eV respectively. Alternatively , the atom from the same excited state can make a
transition to the second excited state by successively emitting two photons of energies 4.25 eV & 5.95 eV
respectively. Determine the values of n & Z. (Ionisation energy of hydrogen atom = 13.6 eV)

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