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Arduino Summary

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sovinori
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8 views

Arduino Summary

Uploaded by

sovinori
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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“Arduino-based project to measure the

gravitational acceleration, g using pendulum,


LDR sensor and LED”

Project Members:
Naorem Sovinity Devi (20221167)
Pankaj Palwar (20221186)
Rubin Singh (20221227)
#Kit number – 13
Introduction:
In an ideal environment, the time period of a simple pendulum, T, is given by
T= 2π√(l/g) where l = length of the pendulum and g = gravitational
acceleration. That is if we can determine the time period of the oscillation and
length, the value of g can be calculated. In an Arduino project, we can detect
the time period using sensors like IR sensor, LCD sensor, UV sensor, etc.
Components required:
 Arduino bread-board NANO
 LDR sensor
 LED
 Jumper wires
 Resistors
 Display screen
 Pendulum
 Support
Description:
A pendulum is suspended from a support using a thread of negligible mass. On
the Arduino board, required connections are made with the jumper wires. The
LED and the LDR sensor are fixed on the board so that the pendulum swings
halfway between them. The pendulum is released at some angle less than 15°
(for approximation validation) in the air. The light from the LED is detected
constantly by the LDR sensor when there is no obstacle between them, with
the digital input being 1. However, when the pendulum passes through them,
it will block the light from the LED, acting as an obstacle with the digital input
being 0 to the microcontroller. By using the suitable code, the time interval
between the first and third times the pendulum passes is recorded. This time
interval, T, represents the time period of the pendulum. By varying the length
of the pendulum, we can collect data by repeating the process multiple times.
The time period for each length can be averaged, and for multiple lengths,
multiple time periods are acquired. Since T2 = (4π2 /g)l , a plot of T2 vs L is
created . By approximating a straight line, the value of g can be calculated from
the slope. For better presentation and accuracy, a micro OLED camera can be
used for display.
** This is just a proposed plan for the project. We may add more components
to enhance the execution, for example, using the digital inputs of the
pendulum to trigger circuits and perform additional functions. We have not
yetdecided, but we will explore these possibilities.
Circuit diagram:

Conclusion:
Through our experiments, we obtained consistent values for g. The
dependence of time period of a pendulum on its length only simplifies the
calculation of the value of g. However, the unavoidable air resistance poses a
drawback to the accuracy of the measurements.

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