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Energy Class Exercise KEY

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8 views2 pages

Energy Class Exercise KEY

Uploaded by

Antonette Ricamata
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics 151 Class Exercise: Energy-KEY

1. (a) A 236 kg roller coaster car is released


from rest from position A where hA = 40 m.
What is the velocity of the car when it gets to
position B where hB = 18 m? You should work
this part of the problem with the ZLP at ground.
There is no friction in this problem.

EA = EB
mghA = mghB + KEB
1
mghA = mghB + mvB2
2
1
ghA = ghB + vB2
2
vB = 2 g ( hA − hB )

⎛ m⎞ m
= 2 ⎜ 9.81 2 ⎟ ( 40m − 18m ) = 20.8
⎝ s ⎠ s

(b) Rework part (a) with the ZLP at the level of position B.
1
mghA = mghB + mvB2
2
EA = EB
mghA above B = KEB 2 ghAaboveB = vB
2

vB = 2 ghAaboveB
⎛ m⎞ m
vB = 2 ⎜ 9.81 2 ⎟ ( 22m ) = 20.8
⎝ s ⎠ s

(c) Imagine instead that the car rounded position A with a velocity of 15 m/s. What would be the
velocity in this instance when the car reaches position B?

EA = EB
KEA + mghA = mghB + KEB

1 2 1 Where I have assumed that the ZLP is back on


mvB + mghA = mghB + mvB2
2 2 the ground.
1 2 1
v A + ghA = ghB + vB2
2 2
v A + 2 ghA = 2 ghB + vB2
2

vB = v A2 + 2 g ( hA − hB )
2
⎛ m⎞ ⎛ m⎞ m
= ⎜ 15 ⎟ + 2 ⎜ 9.81 2 ⎟ ( 40m − 18m ) = 25.6
⎝ s⎠ ⎝ s ⎠ s
2. A 12 N/m horizontal spring on a frictionless surface is shown in the first panel of the illustration
in its equilibrium position. A 1.2 kg mass is pushed against the spring compressing it a distance of
x = 8.2 cm in the second panel.
(a) The hand is then quickly removed? What will be the velocity of
the mass when it reaches the equilibrium position?

Eamplitude = Eequilibrium
KEamplitude + PEamplitude = KEequilibrium + PEequilibrium
PEamplitude = KEequilibrium
1 2 1 2
kx0 = mv
2 2
N
12
k m = 0.26 m
v = x0 = ( 0.082m )
m 1.2 kg s

(b) What velocity did the mass have at x = 6.0 cm along the way?

At x = 6.0 cm the mass will have a combination of potential and kinetic energy.

Eamplitude = E6.0 cm
PEamplitude = KE6.0cm + PE6.0cm
1 2 1 2 1
kx0 = kx6.0cm + mv 2
2 2 2
kx0 = kx6.0 cm + mv
2 2 2

N
12
v= (x 2
0 − x6.0
2
cm ) k
m
= ⎡( 0.082m ) − ( 0.06m ) ⎤
⎣
2 2

⎦
m = 0.18 m
1.2 kg s

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