Symphonic Band Program Notes - Spring 2019
Symphonic Band Program Notes - Spring 2019
Die Kunst de Fuge (The Art of Fugue) was one of the final products of Bach’s
prolific career and is an incomparable work in the history of western music.
As was the custom of his day for great-learned men, Bach began compiling a
sort-of autobiographical sketch of a lifetime of his contribution to the
discipline of music. He began his work on this masterpiece in the early
1740’s giving the various movements the Latin title Contrapunctus to
emphasize their learned character. His health and vision were failing
significantly by 1748 and the project took on a pressing urgency for him but
he was unable to complete the oeuvre before his death in July of 1750. The
set’s final items were culled from his manuscripts and first published in
Leipzig in 1751.
Ghost Dances, was inspired by the tragic story of the massacre of some 300
members of the Lakota Sioux tribe at Wounded Knee, South Dakota, on
December 29, 1890. The U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment had been charged with
disarming the Lakota and one version of the events claims that during this
process, a deaf tribesman, Black Coyote, was reluctant to give up his rifle,
claiming he had paid a great deal for it. Simultaneously, another elder in the
tribe was performing the ritual Ghost Dance, which associated prophecy of
the end of U.S. expansion in what were considered the Lakota Sioux
territories. This dance was joined by numerous participants, wearing brightly
colored shirts, and the more that were involved, the wilder the dance
became. The dancers believed these “ghost shirts” would protect them from
soldiers’ bullets. Tensions were raw and when Black Coyote’s rifle
discharged, the army reacted to this incident as an attack on them and the
shooting began indiscriminately. The Wounded Knee battlefield has been
designated a National Historic Landmark.
The pavane was a stately dance in slow duple time dating from the 16th
century that took its name from the Middle French word for a peacock.
Morton Gould intentionally misspelled the title to match the unconventional
nature of the work. Pavanne is the middle movement of Gould’s
Symphonette #2, written in 1938. Its slow, bouncy style is both simple and
elegant. The Pavanne was one of four of Gould’s works performed at a
special tribute concert held at Carnegie Hall four weeks after the composer’s
death in 1996.
One of the most recognized names in the world of film music, John Williams,
has provided the musical score on some of the greatest movies in cinematic
history. He has won 24 Grammy Awards, 7 British Academy Film Awards, 5
Academy Awards and 4 Golden Globe Awards. He is the second most
Academy Award nominee, after Walt Disney.
A little known fact about his work is that he wrote incidental music for the
first season of Gilligan’s Island.
This work is based on the traditional Dixieland funeral, known as a Second Line, which is part of
the cultural heritage of New Orleans. The origins are rooted in the procession of mourners
(first line of the parade) moving through the streets toward the final resting place for the
bereaved. The brass band, leading the procession, breaks out into upbeat music that is meant
to celebrate the life and joys of the soul we will miss. There is dancing in the streets, members
of the “second line” (those who join the rolling excitement) are decked out in a wardrobe of
brightly colored suits, sashes, hats and bonnets, parasols and banners, all melding with the
pomp of the courtly function and the spontaneous energy of the celebration.