MODULE 3 5.

SI unit of viscosity is:

A. 10 times poise
1. The velocity of a fluid particle at the center of the pipe section is: B. 9.81 times poise
A. Maximum C. 1/9.81 times poise
B. Minimum D. 1/10 times poise
C. Average
D. Logarithmic Average Answer: A

Answer: A 6. Alcohol finds use in manometers as:

A. It provides a suitable meniscus for the inclined tube
2. Which if incorrect statement Apparent shear forces? B. Its density being less can provide longer length for a pressure difference,
A. Can never be found if frictionless fluid regardless of its motion thus more accuracy can be obtained.
B. Can never be found when the fluid is at rest C. A and B above are correct
C. Depend upon cohesive forces D. Cheap and easily available
D. May occur owing to cohesion when the fluid is at rest
Answer: C
Answer: D
7. Which of the following is not a dimensionless parameter?
3. Density in terms of viscosity is A. Pressure coefficient
A. Kinematic viscosity / dynamic viscosity B. Weber number
B. Dynamic viscosity / kinematic viscosity C. Darcy weishbach friction friction factor
C. Kinematic viscosity / dynamic viscosity D. Kinetic viscosity
D. None of the above
Answer: D
Answer: B
8. The normal stress is the same in all directions at a point in fluid:
4. The Reynolds number for pipe flow is given as follows: A. Is independent of the motion of one fluid layer relative to an adjacent
A. 2VD/v layer
B. VDμ/δ B. When there is no motion of fluid layer relative to an adjacent layer
C. VDρ/μ C. Only if the fluid is frictionless
D. VD5/μ D. Only is fluid is frictionless and incompressible

Answer: C Answer: B
9. The upper critical Reynolds number for pipe flow is: 13. Mass density of liquid (ρ) is given by which of the following:
A. Of no practical importance to designers A. ρ = mass / volume
B. Always used to design pipes for strength B. ρ = metric slug / m2
C. The number at which turbulent flow changes over to laminar flow C. ρ = kg sec2 / m4
D. The number at which laminar flow changes into turbulent flow D. all of the above

Answer: A Answer: D

10. A liquid compressed in a cylinder has volume of 1 liter at 1 MN/m 2 and a volume 14. Property of a fluid whereby its own molecules are attracted is known as:
of 995 cu. m at MN.m2. The bulk modulus of elasticity is: A. adhesion
A. 200 MPa B. cohesion
B. 1100 MPa C. viscosity
C. 15 MPa D. compressibility
D. 110 MPa
Answer: B
Answer: A
15. Mercury does not wet glass because of the property known as:
11. The length of mercury column at a piece at an altitude will change with respect to A. adhesion
that at ground in a B. cohesion
A. Linear relation C. surface tension
B. Parabolic relation D. viscosity
C. Will remain constant
D. First slowly and then steeply Answer: C

Answer: D 16. Under which condition is the specific weight of water is 1000 kg/m3?
A. At normal pressure 760 mm
12. The volumetric change of a fluid caused by a resistance is called: B. At 4°C temperature
A. Volumetric strain C. At mean sea level
B. Volumetric index D. All of the above
C. Compressibility
D. Adhesion Answer: D

Answer: D
17. The pressure at a point in a fluid will not be same in all directions if the fluid is: 21. Uniform flow takes place when:
A. In motion A. Conditions remain unchanged with time at any point
B. Viscous B. Rate of change of velocity of fluid is zero
C. Viscous and static C. At every point the velocity vector is identical in magnitude and direction
D. Viscous and is in motion for any given instant
D. The change in transverse direction is zero
Answer: D
Answer: C
18. Which of the following can be used to measure the flow of water in a pipe of
diameter 3000 mm? 22. The equation of continuity of fluids is applicable only if:
A. Venturimeter A. The flow is steady
B. Rotameter B. The flow is one directional
C. Nozzle C. The velocity is uniform over the cross-sections
D. Pitot tube D. All of the above

Answer: D Answer: D

19. An ideal fluid is one that: 23. The continuity equation for an ideal fluid flow
A. Is very viscous A. States that the net rate of in-flow into any small volume must be zero
B. Obeys Newton’s law is viscosity B. Applies to irrotational only
C. Is assumed in problems in conduit flow C. States that the energy remains constant along stream line
D. Frictionless and incompressible D. States that energy is constant everywhere in the fluid

Answer: D Answer: D

20. The equation of continuity of flow is applicable if: 24. Neglecting the forces due to inertia, gravity and frictional resistance, the design of
A. The flow is one directional a channel can be made by comparing:
B. The flow is steady A. Weber number
C. The flow is compressive B. Reynolds number
D. All of the above conditions together C. Froude’s number
D. Prandtl number
Answer: D
Answer: C
 τ 29. The rise or fall of head “h” in a capillary tube of diameter “d” and liquid surface
25. The ratio η− for turbulent flow as:
du/d tension “σ” and specific weight “w” is given by:
A. One of the physical properties of fluid A. 4σ / wd
B. Dependent upon the flow and density B. 4dσ / w
C. The viscosity divided by the density C. 4wd / σ
D. A function of temperature and pressure of fluid D. 4wσ / d

Answer: B Answer: A

26. For smooth flow turbulent flow, the friction factor changes as: 30. McLeod gauge used for low pressure measurement operates on the principle of:
A. NR A. Gas law
B. Boyle’s law
B. √ NR C. Charles’ law
3 /2
C. NR D. Pascal’s law
1 /4
D. N R
Answer: B
Answer: D
31. A Kaplan turbine is:
27. In order to avoid cavitation in the pipeline, the pipeline over the ridge is laid is A. A high head mixed flow turbine
such a way that it is more than: B. A impulse turbine, inward flow
A. 2.4 m above the hydraulic gradient C. A reaction turbine, outward flow
B. 6.4 m above the hydraulic gradient D. Low head axial flow turbine
C. 10,0 m above the hydraulic gradient
D. 5.0 m above the hydraulic gradient Answer: D

Answer: B 32. Select one turbine that is different from the others:
A. Francis turbine
28. The continuity equation is applicable to: B. Kaplan turbine
A. Viscous unviscous fluid C. Propeller turbine
B. Compressibility of fluids D. Pelton wheel
C. Conservation of mass
D. Steady unsteady flow Answer: D

Answer: C
33. Running away speed or a Pelton wheel gives 37. The ratio of the specific speed for a centrifugal pump based on unit discharge to
A. Actual operating speed that on unit power is (H = Head, P = HP, Q = Discharge) given by:
B. No load speed P
A.
C. Full load speed HQ

√
D. No load speed when the governor mechanism fails
B.
P
HQ
Answer: D

34. Select the turbine that different from others:

C.
√ HQ
P
A. Pelton wheel
B. Banki turbine
C. Jonval turbine
D.
√ H
P

D. Kaplan turbine Answer: C

Answer: D 38. A ship whose hull length is 100 m is to travel at 10 m/sec. for dynamic similarity,
at what velocity a 1:25 model be towed through water?
35. Which of the following is relative velocity? A. 10 m/sec
A. The difference between two velocities B. 25 m/sec
B. The average between the higher velocity and average velocity C. 2 m/sec
C. Average velocity D. 50 m/sec
D. Vector difference of two velocities
Answer: C
Answer: D
39. For stable equilibrium of floating body its metacenter should lie
36. Which is higher head? A. Below the center of gravity
A. 33 inch Hg B. Below the center of buoyancy
B. 31.0 ft water C. Above the center of buoyancy
C. 1.013 kg kcm2 D. Above the center of gravity
D. 75.0 cm of Hg
Answer: D
Answer: A
40. Center of pressure of an inclined plane lies
A. At the centroid
B. Above the centroid
C. Below the centroid
D. At metacenter

Answer: C
41. The line of action of the buoyant force always acts through the centroid of the: 45. The pitot tube is a device used for measurement of
A. Submerged body A. Pressure
B. Volume of the floating body B. Flow
C. Volume of the fluid vertically above the body C. Velocity
D. Displaced volume of the fluid D. Discharge

Answer: D Answer: C

42. An equipotential line is one that : 46. Hygrometer Is used to find out
A. Has no velocity component tangent to it A. Specific gravity of liquids
B. Has uniformly varying dynamic pressure B. Specific gravity of solids
C. Has no velocity component normal to it C. Specific gravity of gases
D. Exists in case of rotational flow D. Relative humidity

Answer: A Answer: A

43. Hydraulic jump is used to 47. Mach number is significant in case of

A. Increasing the flow rate A. Supersonics, as with projectiles and jet propulsion
B. Reducing the flow rate B. Full immersion or completely enclosed flow, such as with pipes, aircraft
C. Reducing the velocity flow wings, nozzles, etc
D. Reducing the energy flow C. Simultaneous motion through two fluids where there is a surface of
discontinuity, gravity forces, and wave making effects, as with ship’s
Answer: D hulls
D. All of the above
44. The lowest portion to storage basin from where the water is not drawn is:
A. Bottom storage Answer: A
B. Sub soil storage
C. Spring reserve 48. The fluid forces taken into consideration in the Navier Stokes equation are:
D. Dead storage A. Gravity, pressure and viscous
B. Gravity, pressure and turbulent
Answer: D C. Pressure, viscous and turbulent
D. Gravity, viscous and turbulent

Answer: A
49. Rocks having excessive internal stresses may produces spalling, are called that: 53. Orifice refers to an opening
A. Stratified rocks A. With closed perimeter and of regular form through which water flows
B. Popping rocks B. With prolonged sides having length of 2 to 3 diameters of opening in
C. Crushed rocks thick wall
D. Swelling rocks C. With partially full flow
D. In hydraulic structure with regular provision
Answer: A
Answer: D
50. Permissible velocity of water flowing through concrete tunnel, is generally:
A. 4-5 m/s 54. The value of coefficient of discharge in comparison to coefficient of velocity is
B. 10-12 m/s found to be:
C. 13-13 m/s A. More
D. 20 m/s B. Less
C. Same
Answer: A D. More/Less

51. The maximum continuous power available from a hydro-electric plant under the Answer: B
most adverse hydraulic conditions , is called:
A. Base power 55. Weir refers to an opening:
B. Firm power A. Having closed perimeter and of regular from through which water flows
C. Primary power B. With prolonged sides having length of 2 to 3 diameters of opening in
D. Secondary power thick wall
C. With partially full flow
Answer: B D. In hydraulic structure with regular provision

52. The ratio of maximum load to the rated plant capacity is called: Answer: C
A. Load factor
B. Utilization factor 56. The pressure force, in Newtons, on the 15 cm dia head light of an automobile
C. Maximum load factor traveling at 25 m/s will be:
D. Capacity factor A. 10.4
B. 6.8
Answer: B C. 5.6
D. 4.8

Answer: B
57. What will be the pressure, kPa, at height of 200 m in an isothermal atmosphere? 61. Which of the following give the optimum intermediate pressure in case of two-
Assuming T = 20°C. Assume Patm = 100 kPa. stage compression?
A. 87 A. P4 = (P1 + P3)/2
B. 82 B. P2 = P1 + (P1 + P2)/2
C. 79 C. P2 = √ P1 P3
D. 71
D. P2 = P1 + √ P +P
2
1
2
3

Answer: C
Answer: C
58. What pressure differential, in pascals, exists at the bottom of a 3 m vertical wall
when the temperature inside is 20°C. Assume equal pressure at the top. 62. In the polytropic process, we have PV n = constant, if the value of n is infinitely
A. 15 large, the process is called:
B. 12 A. Constant volume process
C. 9 B. Constant pressure process
D. 6 C. Constant temperature process
D. Isothermal process
Answer: D
Answer: A
59. Select the parameters that determine the friction factor of turbulent flow in
rough pipe are: 63. The thermodynamic cycle used in a thermal power plant is:
A. Froude number and relative roughness A. Ericsson
B. Froude number and mach number B. Brayton
C. Reynolds number and relative roughness C. Carnot
D. Mach number and relative roughness D. Rankine

Answer: C Answer: D

60. Power transmitted through a pipe is maximum when the loss of head due to 64. For the same heat input and same compression ratio:
friction is: A. Both Otto cycle and Diesel cycle are equally efficient
A. One-third of the total head supplied B. Otto cycle is less efficient compared to diesel cycle
B. One-half of the total head supplied C. Efficiency depends mainly on working substance
C. One-fourth of the total head supplied D. None of the above is correct
D. Equal to the total head supplied
Answer: C
Answer: B
65. The change in enthalpy for small temperature change ΔT for an ideal gas is given 69. Brayton cycle has:
by the relation: A. Two isentropic and two constant volume processes
A. ΔH = CpΔT B. Two isentropic and two constant pressure processes
B. ΔH = CvΔT C. One constant pressure, one constant volume, two adiabatic processes
C. ΔH = Cp / ΔT D. Two isothermals, constant volume and a constant pressure process
D. ΔH = Cp / Cv ΔT
Answer: B
Answer: A
70. Diesel cycle consists of:
66. The SI unit of pressure is A. Two isentropic and two constant volume processes
A. kg/cm2 B. Two isentropic and two constant pressure processes
B. mm of water column C. Two adiabatic and two isothermal
C. Pascal D. Two isothermal and two constant volume processes
D. Dynes per square cm
Answer: A
Answer: C
71. Diesel cycle consists of:
67. Superheated vapor behaves A. Isentropic, isothermal, constant volume, constant pressure process
A. Just as gas B. Two constant volume, one constant pressure, one isothermal process
B. Just as steam C. Two isentropic, one constant volume, one constant pressure process
C. Just as ordinary vapor D. Two constant pressure, one constant volume, one isentropic process
D. Approximately as a gas
Answer: C
Answer: D
72. Ericsson cycle has:
68. A Stirling cycle has: A. Two isothermal and two constant pressure processes
A. Two isothermal and two adiabatic B. Two isothermal and two constant volume processes
B. Two adiabatic and two isentropic C. Two isothermal and two isentropic processes
C. Two adiabatic and two constant pressure processes D. Two adiabatic, constant volume and constant pressure processes
D. Two isothermal and two constant volume processes
Answer: A
Answer: D
73. Brayton cycle cannot be used in reciprocating engines even for same adiabatic 77. If the value of n is definitely large in a polytropic PV n = C, then the process is
compression ratio and work output because called
A. Otto cycle is highly efficient A. Volume process
B. Brayton cycle is less efficient B. Pressure process
C. Brayton cycle is for low speed engines only C. Temperature process
D. Large volume of low pressure air cannot be sufficiently handled in D. Enthalpy process
reciprocating engines
Answer: A
Answer: D
78. A heat exchange process where in the product of pressure and volume remains
74. Which cycles is generally used for gas turbine? constant is:
A. Otto cycle A. Heat exchange process
B. Dual cycle B. Isentropic process
C. Rankine cycle C. Throttling process
D. Brayton cycle D. Hyperbolic process

Answer: D Answer: D

75. Antifreeze chemicals are: 79. Which of the following provides the basis for measuring thermodynamic property
A. Same as refrigerants of temperature?
B. Those that are added to refrigerants for better performance A. Zeroth law of thermodynamics
C. Those that lower down the freezing points if liquid B. First law of thermodynamics
D. Those that do not freeze at all C. second law of thermodynamics
D. third law of thermodynamics
Answer: C
Answer: A
76. Clog point of an oil refer to:
A. The point of maximum contamination of oil 80. 1 watt is:
B. The level of impurities beyond which oil ceases to flow A. 1 Nm/s
C. The temperature at which oil solidifies B. 1 Nm/mt
D. The temperature at which paraffin and waxes in oil start precipitating C. 1 Nm/hr
D. 1 kNm/hr
Answer: D
Answer: A
81. For a six compression of air set, the minimum work conditions are: 85. Under ideal conditions, isothermal, isobaric, isochoric and adiabatic processes
A. Pressure rise per stage will be equal are:
B. Work done in successive stages will be in geometrical progression A. Dynamic processes
C. Cylinder volumes will be the same B. Stable processes
D. Temperature rise in the cylinders will be the same C. Quasi-static processes
D. Static processes
Answer: D
Answer: C
82. In case of steam engine, the cut-off ratio is the ratio of:
A. Pressure at cut-off to supply pressure 86. Isentropic flow is:
B. Pressure at cut-off to exhaust pressure A. Perfect gas law
C. Pressure at cut-off to mean effective pressure B. Irreversible adiabatic flow
D. Fraction of piston stroke which the piston has traveled when cut-off C. Ideal fluid flow
occurs D. Reversible adiabatic flow

Answer: D Answer: D

83. The reason for insulating the pipes are: 87. Exhaust gases from an engine possess:
A. They may not break under pressure A. Solar energy
B. There is minimum corrosion B. Kinetic energy
C. Capacity to withstand pressure is increased C. Chemical energy
D. Heat loss from the surface is minimized. D. stored energy

Answer: D Answer: B

84. The rate of radiant energy, that is emitted by a surface at any temperature and in 88. the extension and compression of a helical spring is an example of:
small wavelengths is found from the known rate of energy, that under the same A. Isothermal process
conditions will be emitted from a black surface, by multiplying with absorptivity. B. Thermodynamic process
Above enunciation is called: C. Adiabatic process
A. Lambert’s law D. Reversible process
B. Kirchhoff’s law
C. Planck’s law Answer: D
D. Stefan boltzmann’s law

Answer: B
89. at critical point, the latent enthalpy of vaporization is: 93. A heat engine has the following specifications: power developed – 50 kW, fuel
A. only depends on temperature burned per hour – 3 kg, heating value of fuel – 75,000 kJ/kg, temperature limits –
B. zero 627 and 27°C. This heat engine is:
C. minimum A. Reality
D. maximum B. Impossible
C. Costly
Answer: B D. Cheaper

90. Which of the following relations is not applicable in a free expansion process? Answer: B
A. Heat supplied = zero
B. Heat rejected = zero 94. A heat engine is supplied heat at the rate of 30,000 J/s gives an output of 9 kW.
C. Work done = zero The thermal efficiency of engine is:
D. Change in temperature = zero A. 30%
B. 43%
Answer: D C. 50%
D. 55%
91. An ideal engine absorbs heat at a temperature of 127°C and exhausts heat at a
temperature of 77°C. Its efficiency will be: Answer: A
A. 13%
B. 50% 95. The RMS velocity of hydrogen at N.T.P. is approximately:
C. 33% A. 3838 m/s
D. 77% B. 1839 m/s
C. 4839 m/s
Answer: A D. 839 m/s

92. The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which: Answer: B
A. The solid and liquid phases are equilibrium
B. The liquid and gaseous phases are in equilibrium 96. Select the cycle that consists of two isothermal and constant volume processes.
C. The solid, liquid and the gaseous phases are in equilibrium A. Joule cycle
D. The solid does not melt, the liquid does not boil and the gas does not B. Diesel cycle
condense C. Otto cycle
D. Ericsson cycle
Answer: D
Answer: D
97. “It is impossible to construct a heat engine that operates in a cycle and receives a
given quantity of heat from a high temperature body and does equal amount of
work.” The above statement is known as:
A. Gay-Lussac law
B. Kinetic theory
C. Kelvin-Planck law
D. Joule-Thomson law

Answer: C

98. For steam nozzle, which of the following ratios will have the values less than
unity?
A. Pressure at inlet / pressure at outlet
B. Specific volume at inlet / specific volume at outlet
C. Temperature of steam at inlet / temperature of steam at outlet
D. None of the above

Answer: B

99. In case of axial flow compressors for minimum fluid friction and blade tip
clearance losses, the blades of an axial flow compressor are designed for:
A. 80% reaction
B. 85% reaction
C. 60% reaction
D. 53% reaction

Answer: D

100. Which is the engine used for fighter bombers?

A. Turbo prop
B. Turbo jet
C. Ramjet
D. Pulsejet

Answer: C