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Cloud Unit 2

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53 views6 pages

Cloud Unit 2

Uploaded by

Niroj Thapa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT-2

Cloud Reference and deployment models


The cloud computing reference model is an abstract model that divides a cloud computing
environment into abstraction layers and cross-layer functions to characterize and standardize
its functions. 25
Cloud Computing reference model is divided into 3 major service models:
1. Software as a Service (SaaS)
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
3. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Platform as a Service (PaaS)


Platform as a service (PaaS) is a cloud computing model that provides a complete environment for
developing, testing, and deploying applications. PaaS includes the infrastructure, development
tools, and middleware required for building and running web applications.
Examples: Google App Engine, Windows Azure App Service, Heroku, Force.com etc.
Characteristics of PaaS
There are the following characteristics of PaaS -
 PaaS offers browser-based development environment.
 PaaS provides built-in security, scalability, and web service interfaces.
 PaaS provides built-in tools for defining workflow, approval processes, and business rules.
 It is easy to integrate PaaS with other applications on the same platform.
 PaaS also provides web services interfaces that allow us to connect the applications outside
the platform.
Advantage of PaaS
o Accessible to various users via the same development application.
o Integrates with web services and databases.
o Builds on virtualization technology, so resources can easily be scaled up or down as per
the organization's need.
o Support multiple languages and frameworks.
o Provides an ability to "Auto-scale".

Disadvantage of PaaS
 Vendor lock-in
 Data Privacy
 Limited Control
 Integration challenges
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Software as a service (SaaS) is a cloud computing delivery model in which software and its
associated data are hosted and managed by a third-party vendor and made available to users over
the internet. SaaS applications are typically accessed through a web browser, but they can also be
accessed through mobile apps or APIs. In this model, users can access and use software
applications without the need to install them on their local devices.
Example: BigCommerce, Google Apps, Microsoft Office 365, Salesforce, Dropbox etc.
Characteristics of SaaS
There are the following characteristics of SaaS -
o Managed from a central location
o Hosted on a remote server
o Accessible over the internet
o Users are not responsible for hardware and software updates. Updates are applied
automatically.
o The services are purchased on the pay-as-per-use basis

Advantages of SaaS
1. Cost-Effective: Pay only for what you use.
2. Reduced time: Users can run most SaaS apps directly from their web browser without
needing to download and install any software. This reduces the time spent in installation
and configuration and can reduce the issues that can get in the way of the software
deployment.
3. Accessibility: We can Access app data from anywhere.
4. Automatic updates: Rather than purchasing new software, customers rely on a SaaS
provider to automatically perform the updates.
5. Scalability: It allows the users to access the services and features on-demand.
Disadvantages of SaaS:
1. Limited customization
2. Dependence on internet connectivity
3. Security concerns
4. Limited control over data
Infrastructure as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is a cloud computing service model that provides access to
fundamental computing resources, such as processing, storage, and networking, over the internet.
IaaS is also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS).
With IaaS, we need to rent the hardware and software that we need manage it. This means that we
need to install and configure the operating system and applications, and we need to keep the
hardware up to date and secure.
Characteristics of IaaS
There are the following characteristics of IaaS -
o Resources are available as a service
o Services are highly scalable
o Dynamic and flexible
o GUI and API-based access
o Automated administrative tasks
Advantages of IaaS:
1. Cost-Effective: Eliminates capital expense and reduces ongoing cost and IaaS customers
pay on a per-user basis, typically by the hour, week, or month.
2. Website hosting: Running websites using IaaS can be less expensive than traditional web
hosting.
3. Security: The IaaS Cloud Provider may provide better security than your existing software.
4. Maintenance: There is no need to manage the underlying data center or the introduction of
new releases of the development or underlying software. This is all handled by the IaaS
Cloud Provider.
Disadvantages of laaS:
1. Limited control over infrastructure.
2. Security concerns.
3. Limited access

Cloud Deployment models


1. Public Cloud
A public cloud is a type of cloud computing environment where resources like storage, computing
power, and applications are offered over the public internet by a third-party cloud service
provider. It is a good choice for companies and organizations with low-security concerns. This
computing model is hosted at the vendor's data center and make available to the public over the
www.
Example: Amazon elastic compute cloud (EC2), Microsoft Azure, Google App Engine, IBM
Cloud.
Advantages of Public Cloud
 Highly available anytime and anywhere, with robust permission and authentication
mechanism.
 There is no need to maintain the cloud.
 Does not have any limit on the number of users.
 No need of infrastructure management.
 Does not cost you any maintenance charges as the service provider does it.
 It works on the Pay as You Go model, so you don’t have to pay for items you don’t use
Disadvantages of Public Cloud
 It has lots of issues related to security.
 It can't be customized according to personal requirements.
 It has reliability issues.

2. Private Cloud
A private cloud is a cloud computing environment designed for the exclusive use of a single
organization. Unlike a public cloud where resources are shared among many users, a private cloud
offers a dedicated pool of computing resources for your organization only It is also referred to as
“internal cloud,” which refers to the ability to access systems and services within an organization
or border.
Advantages of Private Cloud
 Companies can customize their solution according to market demands.
 It offers reliability in performance.
 A private cloud enables the company to tailor its solution to meet specific needs.
 It provides high security.
 This Cloud Computing Model is small, and therefore it is easy to manage.
 It is suitable for storing corporate information that only permitted staff can access.
Disadvantages of Private Cloud
 The cost is higher than a public cloud because set up and maintain hardware resources are
costly.
 Area of operation is limited.
 Scalability depends on the choice of hardware.
 Skilled people are required to manage and operate cloud services.
3. Hybrid Cloud
A hybrid cloud is a mixed IT environment that combines two or more distinct cloud types, most
commonly a public cloud and a private cloud, along with the possible inclusion of on-premises
infrastructure. Non-critical activities are performed using public cloud while the critical activities
are performed using private cloud.

Advantages of Hybrid Cloud


 It gives the power of both public and private clouds.
 It offers better security than the Public Cloud.
 Public clouds provide scalability. Therefore, you can only pay for the extra capacity if
required.
 It enables businesses to be more flexible and to design personalized solutions that meet
their particular needs.
 Data is separated correctly, so the chances of data theft by attackers are considerably
reduced.
Disadvantages of Hybrid Cloud
 It is applicable only when a company has varied use or demand for managing the
workloads.
 Managing a hybrid cloud is complex.
 Its security features are not good as the Private Cloud.
4. Community Cloud
Community clouds are cloud-based infrastructure models that enable multiple organizations to
share resources and services based on common interests, regulations, or security needs. It provides
a shared platform and resources for organizations to work on their business requirements. This
Cloud Computing model is operated and managed by community members, third-party vendors,
or both.
Advantages of Community Cloud Deployments
 It is cost effective because the cloud is shared by multiple organizations or communities.
 It is suitable for both collaboration and data sharing.
 It allows to share resources, Infrastructure, etc., with multiple organizations.
 It provides better security than the public cloud.
Disadvantages of Community Cloud Deployments
 Limited customizations.
 Limited scalability.
 Sharing challenges.
 Performance concerns.

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