0% found this document useful (0 votes)
22 views5 pages

6Dwhoolwh&Orxg, Pdjh3Urfhvvlqj$Qg, Qirupdwlrq5Hwulhydo6/Vwhp: 0dkhqgud - Xpdu Xuyh - /Rwl6Duxs

Uploaded by

d24cs003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
22 views5 pages

6Dwhoolwh&Orxg, Pdjh3Urfhvvlqj$Qg, Qirupdwlrq5Hwulhydo6/Vwhp: 0dkhqgud - Xpdu Xuyh - /Rwl6Duxs

Uploaded by

d24cs003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

6DWHOOLWH&ORXG,PDJH3URFHVVLQJ$QG,QIRUPDWLRQ5HWULHYDO6\VWHP

0DKHQGUD.XPDU*XUYH -\RWL6DUXS
'HSDUWPHQWRI&LYLO(QJLQHHULQJ 'HSDUWPHQWRI&LYLO(QJLQHHULQJ
0$1,7%KRSDO 0$1,7%KRSDO
%KRSDO,QGLD %KRSDO,QGLD
PDQXPDQLW#JPDLOFRP M\RWLVDUXS#JPDLOFRP


$EVWUDFW :LWK WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI UHPRWH VHQVLQJ LPDJLQJ WKH KLVWRULFDO SDWWHUQV WR VWXG\ WKH FXUUHQW ZHDWKHU V\VWHP
WHFKQRORJ\ WKH VDWHOOLWH LQIRUPDWLRQ LQFOXGHV PRUH DEXQGDQW >@ &RQWHQW%DVHG,PDJH 5HWULHYDO &%,5  LVEDVHGRQ WKH
GDWD DQG WKH TXDOLW\ RI VDWHOOLWH FORXG LPDJH KDG DFKLHYHG ORZ OHYHO YLVXDO IHDWXUHV RI WKH LPDJHV 7KHVH IHDWXUHV DUH
JUHDWSURJUHVV7KHVDWHOOLWHFORXGLPDJHVFRQWDLQWKHYDOXDEOH FRORU WH[WXUH DQG VKDSH DQG VSDWLDO UHODWLRQ 7H[WXUH DQG
LQIRUPDWLRQ IRU ZHDWKHU IRUHFDVWLQJ DQG HDUO\ SUHGLFWLRQ RI VKDSH DUH LPSRUWDQW IHDWXUHV LQ WKH PHWHRURORJLFDO VDWHOOLWH
GLIIHUHQW DWPRVSKHULF GLVWXUEDQFHV VXFK DV W\SKRRQV LPDJHV'LIIHUHQWW\SHVRIFORXGVKDYHGLIIHUHQWVKDSHV7KH
KXUULFDQHVHWF7KHSURFHVVLQJRIFRQWHQWEDVHGVDWHOOLWHFORXG GLIIHUHQW REMHFWV LQ WKH PHWHRURORJLFDO VDWHOOLWH LPDJHV VXFK
LPDJH KDV EHFRPH RQH RI WKH PRVW LPSRUWDQW WDVNV IRU XVLQJ DV W\SKRRQV KXUULFDQHV FDQ DOVR EH GHVFULEHG E\ WKH VKDSH
WKH VDWHOOLWH FORXG LPDJH LQIRUPDWLRQ IRU FRQWLQXRXV UHVHDUFK IHDWXUH>@
&RQWHQW EDVHG VDWHOOLWH FORXG LPDJH SURFHVVLQJ DQG 7KH UHVHDUFK SDSHU LV DQ DWWHPSW WR GHYHORS D V\VWHP
LQIRUPDWLRQ UHWULHYDO LV D YHU\ LPSRUWDQW SUREOHP LQ LPDJH
EDVHG RQ &%,5 WHFKQLTXH IRU WKH UHWULHYDO RI WKH VDWHOOLWH
SURFHVVLQJDQGDQDO\VLVILHOG,QWKLVUHVHDUFKD&RQWHQW%DVHG
FORXGLPDJHVIURPWKHPHWHRURORJLFDOVDWHOOLWHDUFKLYDO7KLV
,PDJH 5HWULHYDO &%,5  V\VWHP KDV EHHQ GHYHORSHG XVLQJ
FRORUWH[WXUHDQGVKDSHDVUHWULHYDOIHDWXUHVIURPWKHVDWHOOLWH PD\EHKHOSIXOIRUPHWHRURORJLVWVWRVWXG\ XQGHUVWDQGWKH
LPDJH UHSRVLWRU\ 7R H[WUDFW WKH JUH\ OHYHOFRORU SURSHUWLHV RI WHPSRUDOZHDWKHUV\VWHPV
DQLPDJHKLVWRJUDPYDOXHVKDYHEHHQXVHG)RXUIXQFWLRQVRI 
WH[WXUH IHDWXUHV KDYH XVHG VXFK DV (QWURS\ (QHUJ\
FRUUHODWLRQ DQG FRQWUDVW  DQG WKH VKDSH IHDWXUHV DUHD
,, 352326('6<67(0)25&/28',0$*(5(75,(9$/
SHULPHWHU DQG PHWULF  KDYH EHHQ H[WUDFWHG XVLQJ WKH 6DWHOOLWH LPDJH UHWULHYDO V\VWHP FRQVLVWV RI D GDWDEDVH
PRUSKRORJLFDO RSHUDWLRQV 7KH LPDJHV DQG WKH H[WUDFWHG FRQVWUXFWLRQSDUW DQG DQLPDJH UHWULHYDOSDUW DV VKRZQ
IHDWXUH YHFWRUV ZHUH VWRUHG LQ WKH GDWDEDVH 5HVXOWV REWDLQHG LQ)LJXUH  7KH GDWDEDVH FRQVWUXFWLRQ SDUW LV LQWHQGHG WR
IURP WKH SURFHVVLQJ GHPRQVWUDWH WKH XVDELOLW\ RI SURSRVHG HQVXUHKLJKUHWULHYDOHIILFLHQF\E\H[WUDFWLQJDIHDWXUHVHWIRU
V\VWHP HDFK RI WKH LPDJHV LQ WKH GDWDEDVH DW ORDGLQJ WLPH DQG
.H\ZRUGV ,PDJH SURFHVVLQJ IHDWXUH H[WUDFWLRQ VLPLODULW\ VWRULQJWKHIHDWXUHVHWDORQJZLWKLWVFRUUHVSRQGLQJLPDJHLQ
&RPSXWDWLRQV(XFOLGHDQGLVWDQFH WKHGDWDEDVHVRWKDWZKHQDTXHU\LPDJHLVSUHVHQWHGWRWKH
, ,1752'8&7,21 V\VWHP WKH V\VWHP GRHV QRW KDYH WR SHUIRUP IHDWXUH
H[WUDFWLRQRQHDFKGDWDEDVHLPDJH
 7R DFFHVV WKH GDWDEDVH WKH XVHU LQLWLDWHV WKH LPDJH
7KH FORXG OD\HU LQIRUPDWLRQ UHFRJQLWLRQ IURP VDWHOOLWH UHWULHYDO SURFHVV E\ SURYLGLQJ D TXHU\ LPDJH DV LQSXW DQG
FORXGLPDJHLVDYDOXDEOHRSHUDWLRQLQPDQ\UHVHDUFKILHOGV WKHQWKHV\VWHPVWDUWVE\H[WUDFWLQJWKHIHDWXUHVIURPWKH
ZKLFKLQFOXGHVUHPRWHVHQVLQJUHVRXUFHGHWHFWDQGZHDWKHU 
IRUHFDVW HWF ,I DSSO\ WKH &%,5 LQ VDWHOOLWH FORXG LPDJH
UHWULHYDO ZH FRXOG DFTXLUH EHWWHU UHWULHYDO UHVXOW WKDQ
WUDGLWLRQDOUHWULHYDOV\VWHP
7KH WUDGLWLRQDO VDWHOOLWH FORXG LPDJH VHDUFK PHWKRG LV
EDVHG RQ WKH ILOH QDPH DQG WKH VHQVRU SDUDPHWHUV RI HYHU\
LPDJH >@ 7KH GLVDGYDQWDJHV RI WKLV PHWKRG DUH WKDW LW
FDQQRW GHVFULEHWKH LPDJH FRQWHQWV VXFK DVFORXG VKDSH>@
DQG DOVR OHDGV WR WKH LQFRQYHQLHQFH LQ FRQWHQW EDVHG
UHWULHYLQJLPDJHV&ORXGVDUHWKHG\QDPLFSKHQRPHQDRIWKH
DWPRVSKHUHVRLWVHIIHFWRQWKHFOLPDWHLVQRWNQRZQ%\WKH
EHWWHU XQGHUVWDQGLQJ RI WKH FORXGV EHWWHU PRGHOV FDQ EH
GHYHORSHG IRU WKH SUHGLFWLRQ RI GLIIHUHQW DWPRVSKHULF
GLVWXUEDQFHV VXFK DV W\SKRRQV KXUULFDQHV GXVW VWRUPV DQG
HWF
7KHEHWWHUXQGHUVWDQGLQJRIWKHFORXGVUHTXLUHVWKHVWXG\
RI WKH SDVW LPDJHV D UHWULHYDO V\VWHP FDQ EH XVHG WR VWXG\ 
)LJXUH7KHDUFKLWHFWXUHRIWKHSURSRVHGVDWHOOLWHLPDJHUHWULHYDOV\VWHP

978-1-4673-4805-8/12/$31.00 2012
c IEEE 292

Authorized licensed use limited to: MIT-World Peace University. Downloaded on February 06,2021 at 14:40:16 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
TXHULHG LPDJH $IWHUZDUGV WKH V\VWHP PHDVXUHV WKH
VLPLODULW\ EHWZHHQ WKH IHDWXUH VHW RI WKH TXHU\ LPDJH DQG
WKRVH RI WKH LPDJHV VWRUHG LQ WKH GDWDEDVH )LQDOO\ WKH
V\VWHP UDQNV WKH UHOHYDQFH EDVHG RQ WKH VLPLODULW\ DQG
UHWXUQVWKHUHVXOWVWRWKHXVHU
,,, '$7$$1'62)7:$5(86('
7KH FORXG LPDJHV XVHG LQ WKLV UHVHDUFK DUH ,QIUD 5HG
LPDJHV ZKLFK DUH VHQVHG E\ ,QGLDQ PHWHRURORJLFDO VDWHOOLWH
.DOSDQD DQG IUHHO\ DYDLODEOH DW
KWWSZZZLPGJRYLQVHFWLRQVDWPHWG\QDPLFLQVDWKWP>@
7KHGDWDVHWLVSURYLGHGLQWKH-3*ILOHIRUPDW7KHVHLPDJHV
FDQEHLPSRUWHGLQWKH,QWHJUDWHG*,6VRIWZDUHIRUUHVFDOLQJ
DQGH[SRUWHGWRWLIIILOHIRUPDWIRUIXUWKHUSURFHVVLQJ)LJXUH 

VKRZVRQH,QIUD5HGFORXGVDPSOHLPDJHDQGKXQGUHGVXFK )LJXUH+LVWRJUDPRIDQLQIUDUHGVDWHOOLWHFORXGLPDJH
LPDJHV KDYH EHHQ XVHG IRU IHDWXUH H[WUDFWLRQ SURFHVV DQG 

GDWDEDVHFUHDWLRQ0$7/$% 5D RQ3HQWLXP 5 GXDO % 7H[WXUHIHDWXUHH[WUDFWLRQ


FRUH   SURFHVVRU  *+]  ZLWK  *% RI 5$0 KDYH EHHQ
XVHGIRULPDJHSURFHVVLQJ 7KHUHDUHYDULHWLHVRIWHFKQLTXHVZKLFKDUHXVHGIRU
PHDVXULQJ WH[WXUH VXFK DV FRRFFXUUHQFH PDWUL[ IUDFWDOV

JDERUILOWHUVDQGYDULDWLRQVRIZDYHOHWWUDQVIRUP>@,QWKLV
,9 )($785((;75$&7,21 UHVHDUFK*UH\/HYHO&RRFFXUUHQFH0DWUL[ */&0 LVXVHG
EHFDXVHRILWVVLJQLILFDQFHLQWHUPVRILPDJHSURFHVVLQJDQG
$ *UH\OHYHO&RORXU)HDWXUH([WUDFWLRQ VLPSOLFLW\LQRSHUDWLRQKDYLQJWZRGLPHQVLRQDODUUD\V
&RORU KLVWRJUDPV DUH IUHTXHQWO\ XVHG WR FRPSDUH WKH 
LPDJHV ,Q WKLV SDSHU JUH\ OHYHOV KDYH EHHQ H[WUDFWHG XVLQJ 1RUPDOL]HG SUREDELOLW\ GHQVLW\ 3 LM  RI WKH FR
WKH KLVWRJUDP DSSURDFK RI LPDJH UHWULHYDO >@ >@ DQG >@ RFFXUUHQFH0DWULFHVFDQEHGHILQHG>@DVIROORZV
7KH)LJXUH D VKRZVWKHJHQHUDWHGKLVWRJUDPRI,QIUD5HG 
FORXGLPDJHDVLQ)LJXUH7KHLPDJHKLVWRJUDPVKRZVWKH 3 LM ^ [\  [G[\ _6_I [\ LI [G\G M`  
YDULDWLRQV RI JUH\ OHYHOV IURP  WR  $OO WKHVH YDOXHV   6
FDQQRW EH XVHG DV D IHDWXUH YHFWRU EHFDXVH RI WKH ODUJH :KHUH
GLPHQVLRQ WR EH VWRUHG RU FRPSDUHG 7KH LPDJH KLVWRJUDP [\ «1DUHFRRUGLQDWHVRIWKHSL[HO
VKRXOG EH VDPSOHG LQWR WKH QXPEHU RI ELQV WR UHGXFH WKH LM «/DUHWKHJUD\OHYHOV
GLPHQVLRQVRIWKHIHDWXUHYHFWRU7KHUHIRUHLQWKLVSDSHUWKH 6LVVHWRISL[HOSDLUVZKLFKKDYHFHUWDLQUHODWLRQVKLSLQWKH
KLVWRJUDPKDVEHHQVDPSOHGLQWR%LQVIRUKXQGUHGLPDJHV LPDJH
DQG WKH JHQHUDWHG KLVWRJUDPRIRQH VDPSOH LPDJHLV VKRZQ 6LVWKHQXPEHURIHOHPHQWVLQ6
LQ)LJXUH E  3 LM  LV WKH SUREDELOLW\ GHQVLW\ WKDW WKH ILUVW SL[HO KDV
 LQWHQVLW\ YDOXH L DQG WKH VHFRQG M ZKLFK VHSDUDWHG E\
 GLVWDQFHį G[G\ 

7KH*/&0LVFRPSXWHGLQIRXUGLUHFWLRQVIRUį į 
į į 

%DVHG RQ WKH */&0 IRXU VWDWLVWLFDO SDUDPHWHUV HQHUJ\
FRQWUDVW HQWURS\ DQG FRUUHODWLRQ KDYH EHHQ FRPSXWHG
)LQDOO\DIHDWXUHYHFWRUZDVFRPSXWHGXVLQJWKHPHDQVDQG
YDULDQFHVRIDOOWKHSDUDPHWHUV>@7KHVWHSVIRUH[WUDFWLQJ
WH[WXUHIHDWXUHVRILPDJHXVLQJ*/&0ZKLFKZDVIROORZHG
FDQEHJLYHQDVEHORZ

 6HSDUDWHWKH5*%SODQHVRILPDJH
   5HSHDWVWHSVIRUHDFKSODQH
  &RPSXWHIRXU*/&0PDWULFHV GLUHFWLRQVIRUį 
)LJXUH,QIUDUHGVDWHOOLWHFORXGLPDJHRINDOSDQD į į į  DVJLYHQE\  
  )RUHDFK*/&0PDWUL[FRPSXWHWKHVWDWLVWLFDOIHDWXUHV
(QHUJ\ $QJXODU VHFRQG PRPHQW  (QWURS\ (17 
&RUUHODWLRQ &25 &RQWUDVW &21 >@DVIROORZV

2012 World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies 293

Authorized licensed use limited to: MIT-World Peace University. Downloaded on February 06,2021 at 14:40:16 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
:KHUH3 LM LVSUREDELOLW\GHQVLW\ 

(QHUJ\ $QJXODU6HFRQG0RPHQW $60 
$60 ™™3 LM      
(QHUJ\PHDVXUHVWH[WXUDOXQLIRUPLW\

&RQWUDVW &21 
&21 ™™ LM 3 LM      
&RQWUDVWLQGLFDWHVWKHYDULDQFHRIWKHJUD\OHHYHO

(QWURS\ (17 
(17 ™™3 LM ORJ>3 LM @    
7KLVSDUDPHWHUPHDVXUHVWKHGLVRUGHURIWKHLPDJH

&RUUHODWLRQ &25 
σσ୧୨୔ሺ୧ǡ୨ሻିρ୶ρ୷
‫ ܴܱܥ‬ൌ        
஢୶ǡ஢୷ )LJXUH,PDJHH[WUDFWHGUHVXOWVIRUPRUSKRORJ
JLFDOVKDSHIHDWXUHH[WUDFWLRQ
:KHUHȝ[ȝ\ı[ı\DUHWKHPHDQVDQGVWDDQGDUGGHYLDWLRQV 

RI3[DQG3\UHVSHFWLYHO\ LPDJH7KHLPDJHREWDLQHGDIWHUWK KHPRUSKRORJLFDORSHQLQJ


3[LVWKHVXPRIHDFKURZLQFRRFFXUUHQFHPDWUL[ RSHUDWLRQVDQGPRUSKRORJLFDOILOOLQJ JRSHUDWLRQVDUHVKRZQLQ
3\LVWKHVXPRIHDFKFROXPQLQWKHFRRFFXXUUHQFHPDWUL[ )LJXUH F DQG)LJXUH G UHVSHFWLLYHO\7KHILQDOH[WUDFWHG
  &RPSXWH WKH IHDWXUH YHFWRU XVLQJ WKH PHDQV DQG ERXQGDU\ RI FORXG VKDSH LQ UHG FR
RORU  LV VKRZQ LQ )LJXUH
YDULDQFHVRIDOOWKHSDUDPHWHUV  H 
7KXVWKHIHDWXUHYHFWRUI ^ȝ$60 ȝ(17 7ȝ&25 ȝ&21
9 17$7,21
,03/(0(1
ı$60 ı(17 ı&25 ı&21 ` :KHUH ȝ LLV PHDQ DQG ı LV
YDULDQFHRIWKHSDUDPHWHUV  7KHGLVFXVVHGFORXGLPDJHHSURFHVVLQJDQGUHWULHYDO
$OO WKH SDUDPHWHUV ZHUH FRPSXWHG IRU KXQGUHG VDPSOH PHWKRGVKDYHEHHQLPSOHPHQWHGXVVLQJ0$7/$% 5D 
LPDJHVDQGVWRUHGLQWKHGDWDEDVH RQ3HQWLXP 5 GXDOFRUHSURFHVVRUU *+] ZLWK*%RI
5$07KHSURSRVHGWHFKQLTXHLVWHVWHGRQDGDWDEDVHRI
& 6KDSHIHDWXUHH[WUDFWLRQ VDWHOOLWH FORXG LPDJHV WR FKHFN WKKH SHUIRUPDQFH $OO WKH
,Q WKLV UHVHDUFK WKH LPDJH SURFHVVLQJJ WHFKQLTXHV DQG LPDJHV DQG LWV IHDWXUH YHFWRUV DUUH VWRUHG LQ 2UDFOH J
LPDJH PRUSKRORJLFDO RSHUDWLRQV KDYH EHHQQ XVHG WR H[WUDFW GDWDEDVH
WKH VKDSH IHDWXUH YHFWRU IURP WKH FORXG LPPDJHV 7R H[WUDFW 
WKH VKDSH IHDWXUH RI FORXG LPDJH IROORZ ZLQJ VWHSV ZHUH 6LPLODULWLHV EHWZHHQ WKH LPDJHV KDDYH EHHQ FDOFXODWHG XVLQJ
IROORZHG WKH (XFOLGHDQ GLVWDQFH >@ *UD\ OHYHOV
O VLPLODULW\ 7H[WXUH
 &RQYHUWWKHVDPSOHFORXGLPDJHLQELQDU\\LPDJH VLPLODULW\ DQG VKDSH VLPLODULW\ KDYH
K FDOFXODWHG E\ WKH
  $SSO\ PRUSKRORJLFDO 2SHQLQJ RSHUDWLRQQ WRH[WUDFW FORXG IRUPXODPHQWLRQHGLQWKH      UHVSHFWLYHO\
VKDSH 
  $SSO\ PRUSKRORJLFDO ILOOLQJ RSHUDWLRQQ RQ LPDJH RQ 
H[WUDFWHGFORXGLPDJH

  &DOFXODWH UHJLRQ SURSHUWLHV OLNH DUHDD SHULPHWHU DQG ܵ݅݉‫ ܴܩ‬ൌ ටσଵ଺ ‫݊ܫܤ‬ሻ 
௡ୀଵሺܳ‫ ݊ܫ‬െ ‫ܤܦ‬ 
PHWULF
7KH VDPSOH LPDJH )LJXUH   KDVV EHHQ FRQYHUWHG 
LQWR JUH\ VFDOH LPDJH ZKLFK LV VKRZQ LQ ) )LJXUH  D  7KHQ 
WKH JUH\ VFDOH LPDJH ZDV FRQYHUWHG LQWR ELQDU\ LPDJH WR ଶ
UHPRYHWKHQRLVH7KHDSSURSULDWHYDOXHRI I ZDVFKRVHQ ܵ݅݉ܶ‫ ܺܧ‬ൌ ටσସ௡ୀଵሺܳ‫ ݊ܫ‬െ ‫݊ܫܤܦ‬ሻ
‫ܦ‬    
DVDWKUHVKROGYDOXH)LJXUH E  
 
7KHUH DUH WZR EDVLF W\SHV RI WKKH PRUSKRORJLFDO 
RSHUDWLRQV RQH LV HURVLRQ DQG RWKHU LV GLODWWLRQ 7KH HURVLRQ ଶ
RSHUDWLRQUHPRYHVWKHSL[HOVIURPWKHREMHFFWERXQGDULHVDQG ܵ݅݉ܵ‫ܧܲܣܪ‬ ൌ ටσଷ௡ୀଵሺܳ‫ ݊ܫ‬െ ‫݊ܫܤܦ‬ሻ   
WKH GLODWLRQ RSHUDWLRQ DGGV SL[HOV WR WKH EERXQGDULHV RI WKH 
REMHFWV7KHQXPEHURISL[HOVDGGHGLQWKHGGLODWLRQRSHUDWLRQ 
DQG UHPRYHG LQ WKH HURVLRQ RSHUDWLRQ IURP WKH REMHFW 
ERXQGDULHV GHSHQGV RQ WKH VWUXFWXULQJ HOHPHQW WR EH 4,LVWKHTXHU\LPDJHDQG
SURFHVVHGRQWKHLQSXWFORXGLPDJHWRSURGXXFHWKHRXWSXW '%,LVWKHGDWDEDVHLPDJH

294 2012 World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies

Authorized licensed use limited to: MIT-World Peace University. Downloaded on February 06,2021 at 14:40:16 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
7KH ILQDO VLPLODULW\ LV FDOFXODWHG ZLWK WKH KHOS RI HTXDWLRQ 7$%/(,,, 6+$3()($
$785(9(&7256

  6KDSHIHDWXUHYHFWRUV 9DOXHV
 3HULPHWHU 
$ULD 
0HWULFV 


 
:KHUH ' 6LPLODULW\&RPSXWDWLRQ
6LP727$/ WRWDOVLPLODULW\EHWZHHQ4,DQGG'%,
7KH VLPLODULW\ EHWZHHQ WKHTXHU\ LP
PDJH DQGWKH LPDJHV DUH
6LP*5 JUD\OHYHOVLPLODULW\ FRPSXWHGE\  7KHWHQVLPLODULW\ YDOXHVIRUTXHU\LPDJHV
6LP7(; WH[WXUHVLPLODULW\
DUHSUHVHQWHGLQ7DEOH
6LP6+$3( VKDSHVLPLODULW\
 7$%/(,9 6,0,/$5<7(69$/9(%(
(7:((148(5<,0$*($1'
'$7%$6(,0$**(
9, 5(68/76 ,PDJHQDPH 6LPLODULW\YDOXH
7KHIHDWXUHYHFWRUVYDOXHVIRUVDPSOHLPDJHHVKRZQLQ)LJXUH .9+5B$8*B$9*6(&B
B,5WLI  
DUHFRPSXWHG .9+5B$8*B$9*6(&B
B,5WLI  
 .9+5B-8/B$9*6(&B,5WLI  
$ *UH\OHYHOIHDWXUHYHFWRUV .9+5B-81B$9*6(&B
B,5WLI  
 .9+5B-81B$9*6(&B
B,5WLI  
+LVWRJUDPLVVDPSOHGLQWRELQVWKHFRP
PSXWHGYDOXHVDUH .9+5B-81B$9*6(&B
B,5WLI  
VKRZQLQWDEOH,DQGLPDJHKLVWRJUDPVKRZQQLQ)LJXUH .9+5B-81B$9*6(&B
B,5WLI  
.9+5B-81B$9*6(&B
B,5WLI  
7$%/(, *5(</(9(/)($785(9(&7256
.9+5B$8*B$9*6(&B
B,5WLI  
%LQUDQJH 9DOXH
  .9+5B$8*B$9*6(&B
B,5WLI  
  
  )LJXUH  VKRZV WKH  EHVW PDWFK
KLQJ FORXG LPDJHV RXW RI
 
 
KXQGUHGLPDJHVWRTXHULHGLPDJH& &ORXGLPDJHVZHUHUDQNHG
  RQWKHEDVLVRILWVVLPLODULW\YDOXHV5HVXOWLVVKRZLQJPRVW
  VLPLODU LPDJH WRTXHU\ LPDJH DQG WKHQUHVXOWUHVXOW
W DQG
  OLNHZLVHXSWRUHVXOW
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 

% 7H[WXUH)HDWXUH9HFWRUV
*/&0 PDWUL[ FRPSXWHV WR ILQG RXW WWH[WXUH IHDWXUHV
FRPSXWHGYDOXHVDUHVKRZQLQWDEOH,,
7$%/(,, &7256
7(;785()($785(9(&

WH[WXUHIHDWXUHV 9DOX
XHV
&RQWUDVW 
&RUUHODWLRQ 
(QWURS\ 
(QHUJ\ 

& 6KDSHIHDWXUHYHFWRUV

7KH VKDSH IHDWXUH YHFWRU GHWDLOV RI VDWHOOLWHH FORXG LPDJH DV 
)LJXUH5HWULHYHGFORXGVLPDJHVZKLFKDUHHVLPLODUWRTXHULHGLPDJH
VKRZQLQ)LJXUHLVSUHVHQWHGLQ7DEOH,,,



2012 World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies 295

Authorized licensed use limited to: MIT-World Peace University. Downloaded on February 06,2021 at 14:40:16 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
9,, &21&/86,21 >@ KWWSZZZLPGJRYLQVHFWLRQVDWPHWG\QDPLFLQVDWKWP
>@ 5 &KDNUDYDUWL DQG ;LDQQRQJ 0HQJ ³$ 6WXG\ RI &RORU +LVWRJUDP
7KLV SDSHU KDV SURSRVHG D PRGHO IRU WKH 6DWHOOLWH &ORXG %DVHG ,PDJH5HWULHYDO´ ,QIRUPDWLRQ7HFKQRORJ\1HZ*HQHUDWLRQV
,PDJH 3URFHVVLQJ DQG 5HWULHYDO 6\VWHP 7KLV PRGHO FDQ  ,71*  6L[WK ,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFH RQ  SS
H[WHQG WKH FXUUHQW UHWULHYDO SDUDGLJP ZKLFK LV PRVWO\ 
OLPLWHGWRFORXGLPDJHUHWULHYDOE\ILOHQDPHDQGWKHVHQVRU >@ 16DLDQG53DWLO³1HZ )HDWXUH9HFWRUIRU ,PDJH5HWULHYDO6XP
RI 9DOXH RI +LVWRJUDP %LQV´ $GYDQFHV LQ &RPSXWLQJ &RQWURO 
SDUDPHWHUV RI HYHU\ LPDJH 7KH UHVXOWV DUH TXLWH JRRG IRU 7HOHFRPPXQLFDWLRQ 7HFKQRORJLHV  $&7  ,QWHUQDWLRQDO
PRVW RI WKH TXHU\ LPDJHV DQG LW LV SRVVLEOH WR IXUWKHU &RQIHUHQFHRQSS
LPSURYH E\ ILQH WXQLQJ WKH WKUHVKROG DQG DGGLQJ UHOHYDQFH >@ $. -DLQ ³,PDJH 5HWULHYDO XVLQJ &RORU DQG 6KDSH´ 3DWWHUQ
IHHGEDFN 5HFRJQLWLRQYROSS
 >@ 6 . 6DKD $. 'DV %KDEDWRVK &KDQGD ³ &%,5 XVLQJ 3HUFHSWLRQ
EDVHG 7H[WXUH DQG &RORU 0HDVXUHV´ LQ 3URF RI WK ,QWHUQDWLRQDO
5()(5(1&(6 &RQIHUHQFHRQ3DWWHUQ5HFRJQLWLRQ ,&35¶ 9RO$XJ
>@ :HL 6KDQJ*XDQ <DQ/LQJ +DR <DQ+RQJ 7DQJ DQG <L =KX ³7KH >@ 'U +%.HNUH 6XGHHS ' 7KHSDGH 7DQXMD . 6DURGH DQG 9DVKDOL
5HVHDUFK DQG $SSOLFDWLRQ RI &RQWHQW%DVHG 6DWHOOLWH &ORXG ,PDJH 6XU\DZDQVKL³,PDJH5HWULHYDOXVLQJ7H[WXUH)HDWXUHVH[WUDFWHGIURP
5HWULHYDO´ 0HFKDWURQLFV DQG $XWRPDWLRQ  ,&0$  */&0 /%* DQG .3(´ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RXUQDO RI &RPSXWHU 7KHRU\
,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQSS DQG(QJLQHHULQJ9RO1R2FWREHU
>@ ) 'HOO $FTXD DQG 3 *DPED ³4XHU\E\VKDSH LQ PHWHRURORJLFDO >@ ;LDR\L 6RQJ <RQJMLH /L :XIDQ &KHQ´$ 7H[WXUDO )HDWXUH %DVHG
LPDJHDUFKLYHVXVLQJWKHSRLQWGLIIXVLRQWHFKQLTXH´*HRVFLHQFHDQG ,PDJH5HWULHYDO$OJRULWKP´LQ3URFRIWK,QWHUQDWLRQDOFRQIHUHQFH
RQ1DWXUDO&RPSXWDWLRQ2FW
5HPRWH 6HQVLQJ ,((( 7UDQVDFWLRQV RQ YRO   SS 
 >@ &KDXU&KLQ &KHQ  DQG +VXHK7LQJ &KX ³6LPLODULW\ 0HDVXUHPHQW
%HWZHHQ,PDJHV¶
>@ ( -RQHV DQG $ 5R\GKRXVH ³,QWHOOLJHQW UHWULHYDO RI DUFKLYHG
PHWHRURORJLFDOGDWD´,(((([SHUWYROSS 
>@ 'HHSDN XSUHWL ³FRQWHQWEDVH VDWHOOLWH FORXG LPDJH UHWULHYDO ´ 7KHVLV 
ZRUN0DUFK




  


296 2012 World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies

Authorized licensed use limited to: MIT-World Peace University. Downloaded on February 06,2021 at 14:40:16 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.

You might also like