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Internet Protocols

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7 views

Internet Protocols

Uploaded by

sumitroy8372
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTERNET PROTOCOLS:-

TCP:- It stands for Transmission Control Protocol. It is a connection oriented


protocol and it creates a virtual connection between two TCPs to send data. It
provides process to process communication using port number. TCP allows to
sending process to deliver data as a stream of bytes and allows the receiving
process to receive data as a stream of bytes. TCP has the facility to
communicate in both direction at the same time. Once the data transmission is
completed the connection is terminated.

Receiver
Sender
UDP:- It stands for User Datagram Protocol. It is a connectionless,
unreliable protocol. It provides process to process communication like TCP.
UDP also use some small number of ports number for its operation.

Receiver
Sender

FTP:- It stands for File Transfer Protocol. It is a standard network protocol


used for the transfer of computer files between a client and a server on a
computer network. FTP can transfer ASCII Files, EBCDIC Files, Image files
etc.
HTTP:- Hypertext Transfer Protocol is mainly used to access web page
through World Wide Web. HTTP act as client server data transfer mechanism
where user request for certain data through web and then HTTP send a request
message to the server to get the desired page.

TELNET:- It is an abbreviation for Terminal Network. It is a protocol which


is used to connect one computer to another computer. This process is known
as remote login.
IP ADDRESS:- It is an identifier for a particular machine on a
network. It is used to identify computer on the Internet. It consists
of four sections separated by periods.
Example:- 361. 52 . 3 . 8
****IP address is divided into five classes:-
 Class A
 Class B
 Class C
 Class D
 Class E
Class A address:- It is mainly designed for large number of organisation with
large number of attached hosts.

Note:- If the first bit of the first byte is zero of an IP address then its class will be A.
Example:- 00000001 00001111 00011101 01011111

Class B address:- It is mainly designed for mid size organisation with tens
of thousands of attached hosts.

Note:- If the first two bits will be 10 then its class will be B.
Example:- 10010001 01001111 00001111 11110001
Class C address:- It is mainly designed for small organisation with small
number of host.

Note:- If the first three bits is 110 then its class will be C.
Example:- 11000001 00101111 00110111 01010011

Note:-
Class D is for multicasting networking.
If the first byte consists of 1110 then its class will be D

Class E address range is reserved for future or experimental purposes.


If the first byte consists of 1111 then its class will be E.
DNS:- It stands for Domain Name System. It is used to specify the name of IP
addresses in which user can access what they want. DNS can identify each
computer on the internet by its friendly name. It contains two or more
components separated by dots. Two organisations cannot have the same domain
name.
Example:- .com, .edu, .gov, .org etc.

www.facebook.com
www.gmail.com
www.wbchse.gov.in
A. Find the class of each address.

Example:-
Q. 10010001 01001111 00001111 11110001
Ans:- first two bits is 10 then it belongs to class B address.

a) 11000001 00101111 00110111 01010011

b) 00000001 00110011 11100011 10101011

c) 11100111 10101001 11010101 10001001

d) 10101011 11011011 11001001 11000110

e) 11111111 10111110 11110000 10101111

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