Half Yearly Examination 2024-25

Chemistry
Class-X
(Science Paper - 2)
Maximum Marks : 80
Time allowed: Two hours
Answer to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately.
You will not be allowed to write during first 15 minutes.
This time is to be spent in reading the question paper.
The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.
Section A is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from Section B.
The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ].

SECTION A (40 Marks)

(Attempt all questions from this Section.)
Question 1 [15]
Choose the correct answer from the given options:

(I) During ionization metals lose electrons, this change can be called______.
(a) Reduction (b) Oxidation
(c) Redox reaction (d) Displacement

(II) To increase the pH value of a neutral solution, we should add ______.

(a) An alkali (b) An acid
(c) An acid salt (d) A salt

(III) The most ionic compound of periodic table _______.

(a) Sodium Chloride (b) Caesium Chloride
(c) Potassium Chloride (d) Magnesium Chloride

(IV) An element with atomic number 19 will most likely combine with the element
whose atomic number is _______.
(a) 17 (b) 11 (c) 18 (d) 20

(V) An element in period 2 whose electron affinity is zero.

(a) Sulphur (b) Sodium (c) Argon (d) Neon

(VI) What happens when ammonium hydroxide is added to Iron (II) sulphate
solution?
(a) White precipitate is formed.
(b) Yellow precipitate is formed.
(c) Dirty green precipitate is formed.
(d) Reddish brown precipitate is formed.
(VII) Sodium and Sodium ions
(a) are chemically same.
(b) have same number of protons.
(c) have same number of electrons.
(d) none of these.

(VIII) The vapour density of a gas A is four times that of B. If molecular mass of B is
M, then molecular mass of A is
M
(a) M (b) 4M (c) (d) 2M
V

(IX) Assertion (A) : One mole of a gas occupies 22.4 litres at STP.
Reason: The mass of one mole of a gas is equal to its molecular mass.
(a) A is true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not a true explanation of A.
(c) Both A and R are false.
(d) R is false but A is a true explanation.

(X) When hot concentrated. Sulphuric acid reacts with Sulphur it gets oxidised into
(a) SO3 (b) H2SO3 (c) SO2 (d) H2S

(XI) Dilute Sulphuric acid will produce a gelatinous white precipitate when added to
a solution of :
(a) Lead nitrate (b) Copper nitrate (c) Zinc nitrate (d) Silver nitrate

(XII) An aqueous solution of HCl has a pH of 2.0. When water is added to increase in
pH to 5.0, then the hydrogen ion concentration:
(a) remains the same (b) increases
(c) first increases then decreases (d) decreases
(XIII) The category of compounds which liberate ammonia on reaction with water.
(a) Nitrates (b) Nitrides (c) Nitrites (d) None of these

(XIV) The ratio of ammonia to air taken in Ostwald's process :

(a) 3 : 8 (b) 2 : 5 (c) 1 : 10 (d) 3 : 5

(XV) From which salts no precipitation occurs even with the addition of
excess of ammonium hydroxide?
(a) Zinc salts (b) Calcium salts (c) Copper salts (d) Lead salts
Question 2
(I) A part of the periodic table is shown below. Answer the following [5]
questions regarding A, B, C and D.
I II III IV V VI VII O

H He
A B
C D

(a) Identity the most metallic element.

(b) Identify the most non-metallic element.
(c) Identify the element with the smallest atomic size.
(d) Identify the halogen with the largest atomic size.
(e) How many electrons are present in the valence shell of element B?

(II) Write down the observation for the following: [5]

(a) When HCl is added to a metal sulphide.
(b) When the gas which is produced by adding warm water to Magnesium nitride, is
passed into Nesseler's reagent.
(c) When ammonia gas reacts with excess of chlorine gas.
(d) When dilute sulphuric acid is added to zinc sulphide.
(e) When zinc sulphate solution is treated with small amount of ammonium
hydroxide and then with excess.

(III) Match the following : [5]

Column A Column B
(a) Acid salt 1. Black in colour
(b) Copper oxide 2. Sodium sulphate
(c) Normal salt 3. Strong electrolyte
(d) Acetic Acid 4. Sodium Hydrogen carbonate
(e) Sulphuric acid 5. Weak electrolyte

(IV) Complete the following by choosing the correct answers from the bracket: [5]
(a) Higher difference in the value of ____________between the reacting
atoms, lead to the formation of ionic bond. (electropositivity / electronegativity)
(b) The ________(normal / transition) elements are accommodated in the middle of
the periodic table.
(c) _________(Ostwald / Contact) process is used to manufacture nitric acid.
(d) If an element has a low ionization energy then it is likely to be________.
[metallic/ non-metallic]
(e) Concentrated sulphuric acid is a strong ___________ agent.
(reducing / oxidising)
(V) Identify the following: [5]
(a) The volume occupied by one mole of a gas (1g molecular weight of a gas) at
S.T.P.
(b) The number of atoms present in one molecule of an element.
(c) The number of hydroxyl ions [OH − ] which can be produced per molecule of the
base in aqueous solution.
(d) The name of the process by which ammonia is manufactured on a large scale.
(e) The distance between the centre of the nucleus and the outer most shell of the
atom.

Section II (40 Marks)

Attempt any four questions from this Section
Question 3
(I) Raman wants to prepare ammonia in the laboratory for his assignment. For this
his teacher suggested taking an ammonium salt A and a higher ratio by weight
of an alkali B. When he heated A and B together, he observed some changes.
According to his observation, answer the following questions. [4]
(a) Why did his teacher suggest taking ammonium salt?
(b) Which alkali is preferred to prepare ammonia?
(c) Why has he taken a higher ratio by weight of the alkali?
(d) Why do we not use ammonium nitrate for this preparation?

(II) 600 cc of ethane was burnt with 3000 cc of oxygen. Calculate the volume
of carbon dioxide formed and the volume of unused oxygen in the given
reaction. [3]
2C2H6 + 7O2 4CO2 + 6H2O

(III) Name the particles present in : [3]

(a) Strong electrolyte
(b) Weak electrolyte
(c) Non-electrolyte
Question 4:
(I) In the period 2 of the periodic table, element A is placed to the left of
element B. On the basis of this information, choose the correct word
from the brackets to complete the following statements: [4]

(a) The element B would have (lower / higher) metallic character than A.
(b) The element A would probably have (lesser / higher) electron affinity than B.
(c) The element A would have (greater /smaller) atomic size than B.
(d) The element B would have (lower / higher) ionization potential than A.

(II) An organic compound with vapour density 30 contains:

C=40% H=6.7% and O=53.30%
Find the empirical and molecular formula. [C=12, H=1 and O=16] [3]

(III) Identify the cations in the following: [3]

(a) To solution X a small amount of sodium hydroxide is added slowly and then in
excess. A white precipitate is formed which is insoluble in excess.
(b) To solution Y a small amount of sodium hydroxide is added slowly and then in
excess. A reddish brown precipitate is formed which is insoluble in excess.
(c) To a salt Z calcium hydroxide solution is added and then the mixture is heated.
A pungent smelling gas turning moist red litmus paper blue is obtained.

Question 5
(I) Calculate the percentage by weight of Carbon in C4H8O3
[C=12, H=1, O=16] [2]

(II) Arrange the following as per the instruction given in the brackets. [3]
(a) Na, K, Cl, Si, S (increasing order of electronegativity)
(b) Be, Li, F, C, B, N, O (increasing order of metallic character)
(c) Br, F, I, Cl (increasing order of atomic size)

(III) The diagram shows an experimental set up of a chemical 'X' known as

King of Chemicals.
Study the diagram and answer the following: [5]
(a) Name the catalyst that is used during the process.
(b) Give two balanced chemical equiatons to obtain SO2 in the process.
(c) Why the impurity of arsenic oxide must be removed before passing the
mixture into the catalytic chamber?
(d) Name the chemical used to dissolve SO3 and also name the product
formed.

Question 6:

(I) Identify the anions present in each of the following compounds: [2]

(a) When barium chloride solution is added to a solution of compound B,

a white precipitate insoluble in dilute hydrochloric acid is formed.

(b) When dilute sulphuric acid is added to a compound D, a gas is produced

which turns lime water milky but has no effect on acidified potassium
dichromate solution.

(II) Define the following [2]

(a) Gay-Lussac's Law of combining volumes.

(b) Electron affinity.

(III) Complete and balance the following equations [3]

(a) Al + NaOH + H2O
Pt
(b) NH3 + O2
8000C

(c) MnO2 +HCl

(Conc)

(IV) A gas cylinder is filled with hydrogen and it holds 5 grams of gas. The same
cylinder holds 85 gms of gas X under same temperature and pressure.
Calculate the vapour density of gas X. [3]

Question 7.
Hydrochloric acid is prepared by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water
as per the arrangement given below: [4]
(a) What is the above arrangement called as?
(b) What is the significance of using this method?
(c) Write the balanced equation and the ratio to which the acid produced combines
with conc HNO3 to form aqua regia.
(d) What precaution needs to be taken while preparing hydrochloric acid?

(II) With the help of equations explain the 2 steps involved in the dissociation of
sulphuric acid (H2SO4) in aqueous solution. Write the formula of two types of

salts formed when H2SO4 reacts with NaOH. [3]

(III) Calculate the mass of 2.8 litres of CO2 at S.T.P. [3]

Question 8: [3]
(I) Calculate the mass of
(a) 1022 atoms of sulphur
(b) 0.1 mole of carbon dioxide
Atomic mass : S=32, C=12 and O=16
Avogadro's Number = 6x1023

(II) Identify the following: [3]

(a) An alkaline earth metal in the third period.
(b) A non-metal which has three electrons in the valence shell.
(c) The non-metallic element present in the third period other than sulphur
and oxygen.

(III) With respect to the brown ring test for nitrates, explain why: [4]
(a) Freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution is used.
(b) The brown ring disappears if the test tube is disturbed.
(c) Lead nitrate does not respond well to the brown ring test.
(d) Give the name and formula of the brown ring.