CHAPTER 8 : MEASURES OF DISPERSION FOR UNGROUPED DATA

8.1 DIPERSION

NOTES

• Measures of dispersion give an idea of how the values of a set of data are scattered.

• If a data has a small range, then the dispersion is small.

1. The data shows the scores obtained by 10 pupils in a competition.

Highest score =
72 15 43 60 25
Lowest score =
82 33 57 78 90
Difference in score =

2. The data shows the shoe size of 12 pupils.

Biggest size =
Smallest size =
Difference in size =

3. The diagram shows the stem-and-leaf of the time, customers spent in a supermarket.

Longest time =
Shortest time =
Difference in time =

4. The diagram shows the dot plot of the number of messages sent by 15 pupils in a day.

Highest number =
Lowest number =
Difference in number =

1
5. 6.

Self Practice 8.1b – page : 218

Maths :
No :
2
8.2 MEASURES OF DIPERSION

NOTES

Measures of Dispersion Formulae

Range Largest Value – Lowest Value
Interquartile Range Third Quartile, Q3 – First Quartile, Q1
Variance 𝟐
∑ 𝒙𝟐
𝝈 = − ( 𝒙 )𝟐
∑𝒇
Standard Deviation 𝝈 = √variance

44, 40, 36, 37, 45, 38, 31 1) Arrange data in ascending order
2) Determine the median
3) Determine the middle data as Q1 and Q3
4) Calculate Q3 – Q1 = 44 – 36
=8

2, 6, 9, 3, 7, 5, 4, 9, 3 1) Arrange data in ascending order

2) Determine the median
3) Determine the middle data as Q1 and Q3
(7+9) (3+3)
4) Calculate Q3 – Q1 = − =5
Exercise 8.2a 2 2

4.5, 4.9, 3.6, 3.9, 5.2, 5.1 1) Arrange data in ascending order
2) Determine the median
3) Determine the middle data as Q1 and Q3
4) Calculate Q3 – Q1 = 5.1 – 3.9
= 1.2

Calculate the interquartile range of each of the following sets of data.

1. 52, 58, 50, 63, 58, 53, 65, 48, 55, 51, 60

3
2. 15, 18, 24, 21, 16, 24, 19, 11, 12, 22, 26, 16, 18

3. 10, 17, 12, 9, 15, 13

4. 1.5, 1.7, 1.9, 1.5, 1.4, 1.2, 1.6, 1.3

5. Time (s) 1 2 3 4 5
Frequency 2 3 2 5 4
Cumulative frequency
Position of data

4
6. Number of books read 1 2 3 4 5
Number of pupils 10 3 6 5 8
Cumulative frequency
Position of data

Calculate the variance and standard deviation of each of the following sets of data.
1. 8, 9,11, 12, 13, 15, 17, 19

2. 1.5, 1.7, 1.9, 2.3, 2.3, 2.5, 2.6, 3.3, 3.5

3. Score 5 6 7 8 9
Frequency 3 6 8 9 4

5
4. Age 15 16 17 18 19
Frequency 18 23 28 19 12

5. Marks 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

Frequency 9 5 7 4 6

6. Number of pens 1 2 3 4 5
Frequency 5 13 10 7 5

Self Practice 8.2a – page : 223 Self Practice 8.2b – page : 225
Maths : Maths :
No : No :
6
NOTES
Plot Box

Minimum value 33
First Quartile 36
Median 40
Third Quartile 48
Maximum value 53

Plot Box Minimum Maximum Median Q1 Q3 Interquartile

value value range

7 13 11 9 12

33 36 40 48 53

Self Practice 8.2c – page : 227

Maths :
No :

7
NOTES

1. A set of data has the range 16, interquartile range 8 and standard deviation 1.4. Each number is
multiplied by 4 and then added by 3.

Variance =

New range =

New interquartile range =

New variance =

New standard deviation =

2. A set of data has the range 28, interquartile range 16 and standard deviation 1.8. Each number is
multiplied by 9 and then added by 5.

Variance =

New range =

New interquartile range

New variance =

New standard deviation =

8
3. A set of data has the range 9, interquartile range 16 and standard deviation 0.5. Each data is divided
by 2 and then subtracted by 5.

Variance =

New range =

New interquartile range

New variance =

New standard deviation =

4. A set of data has the range 25, interquartile range 10 and standard deviation 3. Each data is divided
by 5 and then subtracted by 1.2.

Variance =

New range =

New interquartile range

New variance =

New standard deviation =

Self Practice 8.2d – page : 234

Maths :
No :

1. The table shows the marks for five sets of Maths questions. Who is the most eligible to represent the
school in Mathematics competition based on the marks.

Set 1 2 3 4 5
Kelly 70 78 76 80 75
Lina 98 81 50 92 58

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 2. The table shows the time in minute, recorded by Lee and Ali in five round of running exercises. Who
is the one that shows the better performance in that exercise session? Give your reason.

Round 1 2 3 4 5
Lee 8 5 7 6 4
Ali 9 6 6 4 5

Self Practice 8.2e – page : 235

Maths :
No :

1. The table shows the information of the masses of two groups of pupils

Group Number of pupils Mean Variance

A 18 52 2.5
B 12 56 1.8

All the pupils from group A and group B are combined. Determine the standard deviation of the mass
of the combined groups of pupils.

Self Practice 8.2f – page : 237

Maths :
No :
10