0x01.

Python - if/else, loops, functions

intranet.alxswe.com/projects/233

Python

By: Guillaume

Weight: 1

Project over - took place from Oct 31, 2023 5:00 AM to Nov 1, 2023 5:00 AM

An auto review will be launched at the deadline

In a nutshell…

Auto QA review: 144.5/160 mandatory & 19.0/41 optional

Altogether: 132.16%
Mandatory: 90.31%
Optional: 46.34%
Calculation: 90.31% + (90.31% * 46.34%) == 132.16%

Resources
Read or watch:

man or help:

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 python3

Learning Objectives
At the end of this project, you are expected to be able to explain to anyone, without the
help of Google:

General
Why Python programming is awesome
Why indentation is so important in Python
How to use the if, if ... else statements
How to use comments
How to affect values to variables
How to use the while and for loops
How is Python’s for different from C‘s?
How to use the break and continues statements
How to use else clauses on loops
What does the pass statement do, and when to use it
How to use range
What is a function and how do you use functions
What does return a function that does not use any return statement
Scope of variables
What’s a traceback
What are the arithmetic operators and how to use them

Copyright - Plagiarism

You are tasked to come up with solutions for the tasks below yourself to meet with the
above learning objectives.
You will not be able to meet the objectives of this or any following project by copying
and pasting someone else’s work.
You are not allowed to publish any content of this project.
Any form of plagiarism is strictly forbidden and will result in removal from the program.

Requirements

Python Scripts
Allowed editors: vi, vim, emacs
All your files will be interpreted/compiled on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS using python3 (version
3.8.5)
All your files should end with a new line

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 The first line of all your files should be exactly #!/usr/bin/python3
A README.md file, at the root of the folder of the project, is mandatory
Your code should use the pycodestyle (version 2.8.*)
All your files must be executable
The length of your files will be tested using wc

C Scripts

Allowed editors: vi, vim, emacs

All your files will be compiled on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS using gcc, using the options -Wall
-Werror -Wextra -pedantic -std=gnu89
All your files should end with a new line
Your code should use the Betty style. It will be checked using betty-style.pl and betty-
doc.pl
You are not allowed to use global variables
No more than 5 functions per file
In the following examples, the main.c files are shown as examples. You can use them
to test your functions, but you don’t have to push them to your repo (if you do we
won’t take them into account). We will use our own main.c files at compilation. Our
main.c files might be different from the one shown in the examples
The prototypes of all your functions should be included in your header file called
lists.h
Don’t forget to push your header file
All your header files should be include guarded

More Info
Note: you do not need to understand lists yet.

Quiz questions

Great! You've completed the quiz successfully! Keep going! (Show quiz)

Tasks

0. Positive anything is better than negative nothing

mandatory

Score: 50.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

3/21
This program will assign a random signed number to the variable number each time it is
executed. Complete the source code in order to print whether the number stored in the
variable number is positive or negative.

You can find the source code here

The variable number will store a different value every time you will run this program
You don’t have to understand what import, random. randint do. Please do not touch
this code
The output of the program should be:
The number, followed by
if the number is greater than 0: is positive
if the number is 0: is zero
if the number is less than 0: is negative
followed by a new line

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./0-positive_or_negative.py
-4 is negative
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./0-positive_or_negative.py
0 is zero
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./0-positive_or_negative.py
-3 is negative
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./0-positive_or_negative.py
-10 is negative
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./0-positive_or_negative.py
10 is positive
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./0-positive_or_negative.py
-5 is negative
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./0-positive_or_negative.py
6 is positive
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./0-positive_or_negative.py
7 is positive
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./0-positive_or_negative.py
5 is positive
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 0-positive_or_negative.py

1. The last digit

mandatory

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Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

This program will assign a random signed number to the variable number each time it is
executed. Complete the source code in order to print the last digit of the number stored in
the variable number.

You can find the source code here

The variable number will store a different value every time you will run this program
You don’t have to understand what import, random.randint do. Please do not touch
this code. This line should not change: number = random.randint(-10000, 10000)
The output of the program should be:
The string Last digit of, followed by
the number, followed by
the string is, followed by the last digit of number, followed by
if the last digit is greater than 5: the string and is greater than 5
if the last digit is 0: the string and is 0
if the last digit is less than 6 and not 0: the string and is less than 6
and not 0
followed by a new line

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./1-last_digit.py
Last digit of 4205 is 5 and is less than 6 and not 0
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./1-last_digit.py
Last digit of -626 is -6 and is less than 6 and not 0
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./1-last_digit.py
Last digit of 1144 is 4 and is less than 6 and not 0
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./1-last_digit.py
Last digit of -9200 is 0 and is 0
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./1-last_digit.py
Last digit of 5247 is 7 and is greater than 5
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./1-last_digit.py
Last digit of -9318 is -8 and is less than 6 and not 0
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./1-last_digit.py
Last digit of 3369 is 9 and is greater than 5
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./1-last_digit.py
Last digit of -5224 is -4 and is less than 6 and not 0
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./1-last_digit.py
Last digit of -4485 is -5 and is less than 6 and not 0
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./1-last_digit.py
Last digit of 3850 is 0 and is 0
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./1-last_digit.py
Last digit of 5169 is 9 and is greater than 5
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

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 Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 1-last_digit.py

2. I sometimes suffer from insomnia. And when I can't fall asleep, I play
what I call the alphabet game

mandatory

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a program that prints the ASCII alphabet, in lowercase, not followed by a new line.

You can only use one print function with string format
You can only use one loop in your code
You are not allowed to store characters in a variable
You are not allowed to import any module

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./2-print_alphabet.py
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzguillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 2-print_alphabet.py

3. When I was having that alphabet soup, I never thought that it would pay
off

mandatory

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a program that prints the ASCII alphabet, in lowercase, not followed by a new line.

Print all the letters except q and e

You can only use one print function with string format
You can only use one loop in your code
You are not allowed to store characters in a variable
You are not allowed to import any module

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./3-print_alphabt.py
abcdfghijklmnoprstuvwxyzguillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

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 Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 3-print_alphabt.py

4. Hexadecimal printing

mandatory

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a program that prints all numbers from 0 to 98 in decimal and in hexadecimal (as in
the following example)

You can only use one print function with string format
You can only use one loop in your code
You are not allowed to store numbers or strings in a variable
You are not allowed to import any module

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./4-print_hexa.py
0 = 0x0
1 = 0x1
2 = 0x2
3 = 0x3
4 = 0x4
5 = 0x5
6 = 0x6
7 = 0x7
8 = 0x8
9 = 0x9
10 = 0xa
11 = 0xb
12 = 0xc
13 = 0xd
14 = 0xe
15 = 0xf
16 = 0x10
17 = 0x11
18 = 0x12
...
96 = 0x60
97 = 0x61
98 = 0x62
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

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 GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming
Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 4-print_hexa.py

5. 00...99

mandatory

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a program that prints numbers from 0 to 99.

Numbers must be separated by ,, followed by a space

Numbers should be printed in ascending order, with two digits
The last number should be followed by a new line
You can only use no more than 2 print functions with string format
You can only use one loop in your code
You are not allowed to store numbers or strings in a variable
You are not allowed to import any module

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./5-print_comb2.py
00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41,
42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62,
63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83,
84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 5-print_comb2.py

6. Inventing is a combination of brains and materials. The more brains you

use, the less material you need
mandatory

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a program that prints all possible different combinations of two digits.

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 Numbers must be separated by ,, followed by a space
The two digits must be different
01 and 10 are considered the same combination of the two digits 0 and 1
Print only the smallest combination of two digits
Numbers should be printed in ascending order, with two digits
The last number should be followed by a new line
You can only use no more than 3 print functions with string format
You can only use no more than 2 loops in your code
You are not allowed to store numbers or strings in a variable
You are not allowed to import any module

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./6-print_comb3.py
01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 25, 26,
27, 28, 29, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 56, 57, 58, 59, 67, 68, 69,
78, 79, 89
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 6-print_comb3.py

7. islower

mandatory

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a function that checks for lowercase character.

Prototype: def islower(c):

Returns True if c is lowercase
Returns False otherwise
You are not allowed to import any module
You are not allowed to use str.upper() and str.isupper()
Tips: ord()

You don’t need to understand __import__

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guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ cat 7-main.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
islower = __import__('7-islower').islower

print("a is {}".format("lower" if islower("a") else "upper"))

print("H is {}".format("lower" if islower("H") else "upper"))
print("A is {}".format("lower" if islower("A") else "upper"))
print("3 is {}".format("lower" if islower("3") else "upper"))
print("g is {}".format("lower" if islower("g") else "upper"))

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./7-main.py
a is lower
H is upper
A is upper
3 is upper
g is lower
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 7-islower.py

8. To uppercase
mandatory

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a function that prints a string in uppercase followed by a new line.

Prototype: def uppercase(str):

You can only use no more than 2 print functions with string format
You can only use one loop in your code
You are not allowed to import any module
You are not allowed to use str.upper() and str.isupper()
Tips: ord()

You don’t need to understand __import__

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guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ cat 8-main.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
uppercase = __import__('8-uppercase').uppercase

uppercase("best")
uppercase("Best School 98 Battery street")

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./8-main.py
BEST
BEST SCHOOL 98 BATTERY STREET
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 8-uppercase.py

9. There are only 3 colors, 10 digits, and 7 notes; it's what we do with them
that's important

mandatory

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a function that prints the last digit of a number.

Prototype: def print_last_digit(number):

Returns the value of the last digit
You are not allowed to import any module

You don’t need to understand __import__

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ cat 9-main.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
print_last_digit = __import__('9-print_last_digit').print_last_digit

print_last_digit(98)
print_last_digit(0)
r = print_last_digit(-1024)
print(r)

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./9-main.py
8044
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

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 GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming
Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 9-print_last_digit.py

10. a + b
mandatory

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a function that adds two integers and returns the result.

Prototype: def add(a, b):

Returns the value of a + b
You are not allowed to import any module

You don’t need to understand __import__

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ cat 10-main.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
add = __import__('10-add').add

print(add(1, 2))
print(add(98, 0))
print(add(100, -2))

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./10-main.py
3
98
98
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 10-add.py

11. a ^ b

mandatory

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

12/21
Write a function that computes a to the power of b and return the value.

Prototype: def pow(a, b):

Returns the value of a ^ b
You are not allowed to import any module

You don’t need to understand __import__

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ cat 11-main.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
pow = __import__('11-pow').pow

print(pow(2, 2))
print(pow(98, 2))
print(pow(98, 0))
print(pow(100, -2))
print(pow(-4, 5))

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./11-main.py
4
9604
1
0.0001
-1024
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 11-pow.py

12. Fizz Buzz

mandatory

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a function that prints the numbers from 1 to 100 separated by a space.

For multiples of three print Fizz instead of the number and for multiples of five print
Buzz.
For numbers which are multiples of both three and five print FizzBuzz.
Prototype: def fizzbuzz():
Each element should be followed by a space
You are not allowed to import any module

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You don’t need to understand __import__

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ cat 12-main.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
fizzbuzz = __import__('12-fizzbuzz').fizzbuzz

fizzbuzz()
print("")

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./12-main.py | cat -e

1 2 Fizz 4 Buzz Fizz 7 8 Fizz Buzz 11 Fizz 13 14 FizzBuzz 16 17 Fizz 19 Buzz Fizz 22
23 Fizz Buzz 26 Fizz 28 29 FizzBuzz 31 32 Fizz 34 Buzz Fizz 37 38 Fizz Buzz 41 Fizz
43 44 FizzBuzz 46 47 Fizz 49 Buzz Fizz 52 53 Fizz Buzz 56 Fizz 58 59 FizzBuzz 61 62
Fizz 64 Buzz Fizz 67 68 Fizz Buzz 71 Fizz 73 74 FizzBuzz 76 77 Fizz 79 Buzz Fizz 82
83 Fizz Buzz 86 Fizz 88 89 FizzBuzz 91 92 Fizz 94 Buzz Fizz 97 98 Fizz Buzz $
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 12-fizzbuzz.py

13. Insert in sorted linked list

mandatory

Score: 0.0% (Checks completed: 0.0%)

Technical interview preparation:

You are not allowed to google anything

Whiteboard first

Write a function in C that inserts a number into a sorted singly linked list.

Prototype: listint_t *insert_node(listint_t **head, int number);

Return: the address of the new node, or NULL if it failed

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carrie@ubuntu:0x01$ cat lists.h
#ifndef LISTS_H
#define LISTS_H

/**
* struct listint_s - singly linked list
* @n: integer
* @next: points to the next node
*
* Description: singly linked list node structure
*
*/
typedef struct listint_s
{
int n;
struct listint_s *next;
} listint_t;

size_t print_listint(const listint_t *h);

listint_t *add_nodeint_end(listint_t **head, const int n);
void free_listint(listint_t *head);

listint_t *insert_node(listint_t **head, int number);

#endif /* LISTS_H */

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carrie@ubuntu:0x01$ cat linked_lists.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "lists.h"

/**
* print_listint - prints all elements of a listint_t list
* @h: pointer to head of list
* Return: number of nodes
*/
size_t print_listint(const listint_t *h)
{
const listint_t *current;
unsigned int n; /* number of nodes */

current = h;
n = 0;
while (current != NULL)
{
printf("%i\n", current->n);
current = current->next;
n++;
}

return (n);
}

/**
* add_nodeint_end - adds a new node at the end of a listint_t list
* @head: pointer to pointer of first node of listint_t list
* @n: integer to be included in new node
* Return: address of the new element or NULL if it fails
*/
listint_t *add_nodeint_end(listint_t **head, const int n)
{
listint_t *new;
listint_t *current;

current = *head;

new = malloc(sizeof(listint_t));
if (new == NULL)
return (NULL);

new->n = n;
new->next = NULL;

if (*head == NULL)
*head = new;
else
{
while (current->next != NULL)

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 current = current->next;
current->next = new;
}

return (new);
}

/**
* free_listint - frees a listint_t list
* @head: pointer to list to be freed
* Return: void
*/
void free_listint(listint_t *head)
{
listint_t *current;

while (head != NULL)

{
current = head;
head = head->next;
free(current);
}
}

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carrie@ubuntu:0x01$ cat 13-main.c
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "lists.h"

/**
* main - check the code for
*
* Return: Always 0.
*/
int main(void)
{
listint_t *head;

head = NULL;
add_nodeint_end(&head, 0);
add_nodeint_end(&head, 1);
add_nodeint_end(&head, 2);
add_nodeint_end(&head, 3);
add_nodeint_end(&head, 4);
add_nodeint_end(&head, 98);
add_nodeint_end(&head, 402);
add_nodeint_end(&head, 1024);
print_listint(head);

printf("-----------------\n");

insert_node(&head, 27);

print_listint(head);

free_listint(head);

return (0);
}

18/21
carrie@ubuntu:0x01$ gcc -Wall -Werror -Wextra -pedantic -std=gnu89 13-main.c
linked_lists.c 13-insert_number.c -o insert
carrie@ubuntu:0x01$ ./insert
0
1
2
3
4
98
402
1024
-----------------
0
1
2
3
4
27
98
402
1024
carrie@ubuntu:0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 13-insert_number.c, lists.h

14. Smile in the mirror

#advanced

Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a program that prints the ASCII alphabet, in reverse order, alternating lowercase and
uppercase (z in lowercase and Y in uppercase) , not followed by a new line.

You can only use one print function with string format
You can only use one loop in your code
You are not allowed to store characters in a variable
You are not allowed to import any module

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./100-print_tebahpla.py
zYxWvUtSrQpOnMlKjIhGfEdCbAguillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

19/21
 Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 100-print_tebahpla.py

15. Remove at position

#advanced

Score: 50.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%)

Write a function that creates a copy of the string, removing the character at the position n
(not the Python way, the “C array index”).

Prototype: def remove_char_at(str, n):

You are not allowed to import any module

You don’t need to understand __import__

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ cat 101-main.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
remove_char_at = __import__('101-remove_char_at').remove_char_at

print(remove_char_at("Best School", 3))

print(remove_char_at("Chicago", 2))
print(remove_char_at("C is fun!", 0))
print(remove_char_at("School", 10))
print(remove_char_at("Python", -2))

guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$ ./101-main.py
Bes School
Chcago
is fun!
School
Python
guillaume@ubuntu:~/0x01$

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 101-remove_char_at.py

16. ByteCode -> Python #2

#advanced

20/21
 Score: 0.0% (Checks completed: 0.0%)

Write the Python function def magic_calculation(a, b, c): that does exactly the same
as the following Python bytecode:

3 0 LOAD_FAST 0 (a)
3 LOAD_FAST 1 (b)
6 COMPARE_OP 0 (<)
9 POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE 16

4 12 LOAD_FAST 2 (c)
15 RETURN_VALUE

5 >> 16 LOAD_FAST 2 (c)

19 LOAD_FAST 1 (b)
22 COMPARE_OP 4 (>)
25 POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE 36

6 28 LOAD_FAST 0 (a)
31 LOAD_FAST 1 (b)
34 BINARY_ADD
35 RETURN_VALUE

7 >> 36 LOAD_FAST 0 (a)

39 LOAD_FAST 1 (b)
42 BINARY_MULTIPLY
43 LOAD_FAST 2 (c)
46 BINARY_SUBTRACT
47 RETURN_VALUE

tips - ByteCode

Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-higher_level_programming

Directory: 0x01-python-if_else_loops_functions
File: 102-magic_calculation.py

Copyright © 2023 ALX, All rights reserved.

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